scholarly journals Acid-Catalyzed Conversion of Cellulose Into Levulinic Acid With Biphasic Solvent System

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changyue Ma ◽  
Bo Cai ◽  
Le Zhang ◽  
Junfeng Feng ◽  
Hui Pan
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In this work, acid-catalyzed conversion of cellulose into levulinic acid in a biphasic solvent system was developed. Compared to a series of catalysts investigated in this study, the Amberlyst-15 as a more efficient acid catalyst was used in the hydrolysis of cellulose and further dehydration of derived intermediates into levulinic acid. Besides, the mechanism of biphasic solvent system in the conversion of cellulose was studied in detail, and the results showed biphasic solvent system can promote the conversion of cellulose and suppress the polymerization of the by-products (such as lactic acid).The reaction conditions, such as temperature, time, and catalyst loading were changed to investigate the effect on the yield of levulinic acid. The results indicated that an appealing LA yield of 59.24% was achieved at 200°C and 180 min with a 2:1 ratio of Amberlyst-15 catalyst and cellulose in GVL/H2O under N2 pressure. The influence of different amounts of NaCl addition to this reaction was also investigated. This study provides an economical and environmental-friendly method for the acid-catalyzed conversion of cellulose and high yield of the value-added chemical.

ESTERIFICATION OF RENEWABLE LEVULINIC ACID TO LEVULINATE ESTERS USING AMBERLYST-15 AS A SOLID ACID CATALYST

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Aainaa Syahirah Ramli ◽  
Nur Hidayah Zaharudin ◽  
Nor Aishah Saidina Amin
Keyword(s):  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
Methyl Levulinate ◽  
Exchange Resins

Levulinic acid (LA) is a versatile biomass-derived building block as it can be used for the synthesis of organic chemicals as alternative to the depleting fossil fuel resources. Levulinate esters, obtained from catalytic esterification of LA with alcohol, can be used in many applications such as fragrance and fuel additives. In this study, ion-exchange resins Amberlyst-15 was employed as solid acid catalyst for esterification of LA with methanol for methyl levulinate (ML) production. The effect of reaction time, catalyst loading, and molar ratio of LA to methanol, was investigated on LA esterification to ML at the reflux condition. The optimum ML yield of 82% was obtained from reaction conducted at reflux temperature for 5h, using 30% of Amberlyst-15 loading, and 1:20 of LA to methanol molar ratio. The reusability of Amberlyst-15 for ML production was examined for five successive reactions. In addition, Amberlyst-15 catalyst, employed in the esterification of LA with ethanol and 1-butanol for ethyl levulinate (EL) and butyl levulinate (BL), respectively, registered good performance. Yields of 71% and 55% have been obtained for EL and BL, respectively. Amberlyst-15 is a promising solid acid catalyst for production of biomass derived levulinate esters at mild process conditions. 

scholarly journals Kinetic Study on the Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of Cellulose to Levulinic Acid

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1696-1708 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Girisuta ◽  
L. P. B. M. Janssen ◽  
H. J. Heeres
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Characteristics of Solid Super Acid SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2 during Conversion of Glucose to Levulinic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Lu Lin ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Chun Sheng Pang
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Super Acid ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The effects of catalyst amount on the yields of levulinic and hydroxymethyl furfural were investigated during conversion of glucose to levulinic acid catalyzed by solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2. XRD and XPS were used to analyse the characteristics of solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2 before reaction and after reaction. The results showed that: solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2exhibited good catalytic activity in the reaction of hydrolysis of glucose to produce levulinic acid. There were three obvious peaks in these XRD spectra. The peaks on 44.6° and 67.1° were the characteristic diffraction peaks of γ-Al2O3. The anatase characteristic diffraction peak was on 37.4°. The catalyst was steady in the process. The binding energy of S 2p was similar to the binding energy of standard S6+ 2p in the S 2p XPS spectrum of solid super acid. O 1s XPS was double-peaked spectrum. The increase of element C was the main reason of inactivation of catalyst.

The Effect of Dicarboxylic Acid Catalyst Structure on Hydrolysis of Cellulose Model Compound D-Cellobiose in Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshica Fernando ◽  
Ananda S. Amarasekara
Keyword(s):  
Dicarboxylic Acid ◽  
Model Compound ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Polycarboxylic Acids ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Phthalic Acids ◽  
Turn Over Frequency ◽  
Turn Over ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Background: Polycarboxylic acids are of interest as simple mimics for cellulase enzyme catalyzed depolymerization of cellulose. In this study, DFT calculations were used to investigate the effect of structure on dicarboxylic acid organo-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose model compound D-cellobiose to D-glucose. Methods: Binding energy of the complex formed between D-cellobiose and acid (Ebind), as well as glycosidic oxygen to dicarboxylic acid closest acidic H distance were studied as key parameters affecting the turn over frequency of hydrolysis in water. Result: α-D-cellobiose - dicarboxylic acid catalyst down face approach showed high Ebind values for five of the six acids studied; indicating the favorability of down face approach. Maleic, cis-1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic, and phthalic acids with the highest catalytic activities showed glycosidic oxygen to dicarboxylic acid acidic H distances 3.5-3.6 Å in the preferred configuration. Conclusion: The high catalytic activities of these acids may be due to the rigid structure, where acid groups are held in a fixed geometry.

Hydrolysis of Cellulose by a Solid Acid Catalyst under Optimal Reaction Conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 3181-3188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daizo Yamaguchi ◽  
Masaaki Kitano ◽  
Satoshi Suganuma ◽  
Kiyotaka Nakajima ◽  
Hideki Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Optimal Reaction

A synergetic effect of ionic liquid and microwave irradiation on the acid-catalyzed direct conversion of cellulose into methyl glucopyranoside

Holzforschung ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 1025-1030
Author(s):  
Mafuyu Saito ◽  
Takao Kishimoto ◽  
Masahiro Hamada ◽  
Noriyuki Nakajima ◽  
Daisuke Urabe
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Synergetic Effect ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Important Research Topic ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Methyl Pyrrolidone

AbstractConversion of lignocellulose into useful chemicals is an important research topic in the area of biomass utilization. In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MC) was dissolved in a mixed-solvent system containing the ionic liquid (IL) 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Amim]Cl) andN-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP), and the cellulose was directly converted into methyl glucoside (MG) by acid-catalyzed methanolysis aided by microwave irradiation (μWIr). Under moderate reaction temperature and pressure, and in the presence of acetyl chloride/methanol (in situformed HCl) as an acid catalyst, MG was obtained in a 42% yield. In contrast, in the absence of either IL or μWIr, the MG yield was only 5 or 21%, respectively. Both μWIr and the dissolution of cellulose in IL were quite effective for the conversion of cellulose into MG.

scholarly journals Sulfonic-acid-functionalized carbon fiber from waste newspaper as a recyclable carbon based solid acid catalyst for the hydrolysis of cellulose

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (50) ◽  
pp. 28902-28907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runming Gong ◽  
Zihao Ma ◽  
Xing Wang ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
Yanzhu Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Cellulosic Materials ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Carbon Based

Waste newspaper is one of the most common cellulosic materials.

Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of conifer lignosulfonate in black liquor for the production of value-added chemicals

2017 ◽  
Vol 542 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiyu Zhang ◽  
Yeqian Wen ◽  
Zhihua Liu ◽  
Songmei Zhang ◽  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Black Liquor ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of
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