Activation of Cobalt Foil Catalysts for CO Hydrogenation

CO hydrogenation has been studied on cobalt foils as model catalysts for Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis. The effect of pretreatment (number of calcinations and different reduction times) for cobalt foil catalysts at 220 °C, 1 bar, and H2/CO = 3 has been studied in a microreactor. The foils were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the catalytic activity of the cobalt foil increases with the number of pretreatments. The mechanism is likely an increase in the available cobalt surface area from progressively deeper oxidation of the foil, supported by surface roughness detected by SEM. The highest FT activity was obtained using a reduction time of only 5 min (compared to 1 and 30 min). Prolonged reduction caused the sintering of cobalt crystallites, while too short of a reduction time led to incomplete reduction and small crystallites susceptible to low turn-over frequency from structure sensitivity. Larger crystals from longer reduction times gave increased selectivity to heavier components. The paraffin/olefin ratio increased with the increasing number of pretreatments due to olefin hydrogenation favored by enhanced cobalt site density. From the results, it is suggested that olefin hydrogenation is not structure sensitive, and that mass transfer limitations may occur depending on the pretreatment procedure. Produced water did not influence the results for the low conversions experienced in the present study (<6%).

Engineering Nanoplatform for Combined Cancer Therapeutics via Complementary Autophagy Inhibition

Despite advances in the development of tumor treatments, mortality from cancer continues to increase. Nanotechnology is expected to provide an innovative anti-cancer therapy, to combat challenges such as multidrug resistance and tumor recurrence. Nevertheless, tumors can greatly rely on autophagy as an alternative source for metabolites, and which desensitizes cancer cells to therapeutic stress, hindering the success of any current treatment paradigm. Autophagy is a conserved process by which cells turn over their own constituents to maintain cellular homeostasis. The multistep autophagic pathway provides potentially druggable targets to inhibit pro-survival autophagy under various therapeutic stimuli. In this review, we focus on autophagy inhibition based on functional nanoplatforms, which may be a potential strategy to increase therapeutic sensitivity in combinational cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, phototherapy, sonodynamic therapy, and immunotherapy.

Correlation-Based Network Analysis of the Influence of Bemisia tabaci Feeding on Photosynthesis and Foliar Sugar and Starch Composition in Soybean

Bemisia tabaci (MEAM1) represents a species of economic importance in soybean. One of the obstacles to the management of B. tabaci is the quantification of damage by the pest because damage is indirectly inferred through losses in productivity. The objective of this study was to characterize the influence of B. tabaci feeding on soybean by assessing effects on photosynthetic parameters and the sugar and starch content of soybean leaves. The goal was to identify the optimal parameter to directly quantify pest damage on crop yield. Correlation networks were created among data on sugar content (fructose, glucose, and sucrose), starch and photosynthetic parameters (initial fluorescence, performance index on absorption basis, and turn-over number), and the number of nymphs at each of three infestations level (low, medium, and high) during both the vegetative and reproductive stage of the crop. In general, nymphs were more abundant during the vegetative stage. Starch content was strongly correlated with nymph density. A strong positive correlation was observed between fructose and nymph density during the vegetative stage. Among the photosynthetic parameters, the turn-over number N was positively correlated with nymph density at a low-infestation level and negatively correlated with nymphs when they occurred at a high-infestation level. B. tabaci feeding affected the plant’s physiology and its interaction is reflected in part by the relationships among photosynthetic parameters as well as the levels of sugars and starch. This understanding might be useful in developing better monitoring tools for pest management.

N-Glycosylation Facilitates 4-1BB Membrane Localization by Avoiding Its Multimerization

Leveraging the T cell immunity against tumors represents a revolutionary type of cancer therapy. 4-1BB is a well-characterized costimulatory immune receptor existing on activated T cells and mediating their proliferation and cytotoxicity under infectious diseases and cancers. Despite the accumulating interest in implementing 4-1BB as a therapeutic target for immune-related disorders, less is known about the pattern of its intracellular behaviors and regulations. It has been previously demonstrated that 4-1BB is heavily modified by N-glycosylation; however, the biological importance of this modification lacks detailed elucidation. Through biochemical, biophysical, and cell-biological approaches, we systematically evaluated the impact of N-glycosylation on the ligand interaction, stability, and localization of 4-1BB. We hereby highlighted that N-glycan functions by preventing the oligomerization of 4-1BB, thus permitting its membrane transportation and fast turn-over. Without N-glycosylation, 4-1BB could be aberrantly accumulated intracellularly and fail to be sufficiently inserted in the membrane. The N-glycosylation-guided intracellular processing of 4-1BB serves as the potential mechanism explicitly modulating the “on” and “off” of 4-1BB through the control of protein abundance. Our study will further solidify the understanding of the biological properties of 4-1BB and facilitate the clinical practice against this promising therapeutic target.

Analisis Efektifitas Dan Efesiensi Pengelolaan Modal Kerja Pada Home Industri Kripik Ferikar Tolitoli

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efektifitas dan efesien pengelolaan modal kerja pada Home Industri Kripik Ferikar Tolitoli. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan Data dilakukan dengan observasi, interview dan dokumentasi. Sedangkan variable yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini Perputaran modal kerja (Working Capital Turn Over) dan Return On Investment (ROI). Hasil penelitian pengelolaan modal kerja yang dimiliki oleh Home Industri Kripik Ferikar dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan, ini menunjukan bahwa modal kerja telah digunakan secara efektif dan efesien serta Sedangkan variable yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini Perputaran modal kerja (Working Capital Turn Over) dan Return On Investment (ROI) kemampuan mengelolah aktiva dengan baik untuk memperoleh laba.

Structure and ion-release mechanism of PIB-4-type ATPases

Transition metals, such as zinc, are essential micronutrients in all organisms, but also highly toxic in excessive amounts. Heavy-metal transporting P-type (PIB) ATPases are crucial for homeostasis, conferring cellular detoxification and redistribution through transport of these ions across cellular membranes. No structural information is available for the PIB-4-ATPases, the subclass with the broadest cargo scope, and hence even their topology remains elusive. Here we present structures and complementary functional analyses of an archetypal PIB‑4‑ATPase, sCoaT from Sulfitobacter sp. NAS14-1. The data disclose the architecture, devoid of classical so-called heavy metal binding domains, and provides fundamentally new insights into the mechanism and diversity of heavy-metal transporters. We reveal several novel P-type ATPase features, including a dual role in heavy-metal release and as an internal counter ion of an invariant histidine. We also establish that the turn-over of PIB‑ATPases is potassium independent, contrasting to many other P-type ATPases. Combined with new inhibitory compounds, our results open up for efforts in e.g. drug discovery, since PIB-4-ATPases function as virulence factors in many pathogens.

Analisis Kebutuhan Parkir pada Dinas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air Provinsi Lampung

Transportasi merupakan bagian integral dari banyak kegiatan sosial dan ekonomi, sehingga pelayanan transportasi dengan kualitas dan kapasitas yang cukup dapat diandalkan. Salah satu pelayanan transportasi adalah layanan parkir. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untukmemberikan rekomendasi arah kebijakan bagi pengambil keputusan atas dasar hasil studi dengan sasaran pengaturan ruang parkir yang ada di Dinas PSDA Provinsi Lampung agar lebih efisien dan maksimal dalam penempatan kendaraan, serta untuk menganalisis kapasitas dan kebutuhan (Demand) ruang parkir di Dinas PSDA Provinsi Lampung. Ruang parkir yang berada di Dinas Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air (PSDA) Provinsi Lampung terletak di bagian depan gedung utama dan bagian samping Dinas PSDA Provinsi Lampung yang diperuntukan untuk pegawai. Kapasitas ruang parkir yang tersedia yaitu seluas 750 m2 untuk kendaraan mobil dan 120 m2 untuk kendaraan motor. Dari perhitungan data exisiting dan optimasi dengan mengambil sampel tiga hari yaitu pada tanggal 5 April 2021, 7 April 2021 dan 9 April 2021 diperoleh tingkat pergantian parkir harian (parking turn over) dimana hasil perhitungan optimasi lebih baik dari kondisi existing. Perhitungan Indeks Parkir (IP), untuk kendaraan mobil pada kondisi optimasi memiliki hasil persentase yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kondisi existing pada Satuan Ruang Parkir (SRP) sudut kemiringan 90°. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kepada pihak terkait agar menggunakan sistem parkir dengan SRP 90° sehingga ruang parkir yang ada bisa digunakan secara optimal.

Pengaruh Kinerja Keuangan terhadap Financial Distress pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2016 - 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh rasio likuiditas (Current Ratio), profitabilitas (Return On Assets), leverage (Debt To Asset Ratio), dan rasio aktivitas (Total Aset Turn Over) terhadap financial distress pada perusahaan sub sektor industri makanan dan minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2016-2020. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah financial distress dan variabel independen dalam penellitian ini adalah likuiditas, profitabilitas, leverage, dan aktivitas. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan data sekunder. Data diperoleh dari perusahaan sub sektor industri makanan dan minuman dari tahun 2016-2020 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dengan menggunakan Regresi Linear Berganda yang menggunakan SPSS 20. Variabel Financial Distress di prioksikan menggunakan rumus Altman Z-Scored. Hasil dari Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa likuiditas, profitabilitas, aktivitas memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap financial distress, sedangkan leverage tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap financial distress. Kata-kata Kunci: Financial Distress, Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, Leverage, Aktivitas.

Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Net Profit Margin, dan Total Asset Turn Over terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba Article Sidebar Main Article Content Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of company size, net profit margin, and total asset turnover on profit growth in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2020 period. Research Methodology: This type of research is a quantitative research that uses secondary data in the form of annual reports. This observation used a sample of 105 companies in the manufacturing sector. The technique for analyzing the data in this study used multiple linear regression, classical assumption test, and partial hypothesis test (t-test) with data processing using the help of the STATA v.16 application. Result: Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that firm size has no effect on profit growth, and total asset turn over has a positive effect on profit growth, total asset turn over has no effect on profit growth. Limitation: The limitations of this study are some companies are late in reporting their financial statements, the study only focuses on the manufacturing sector, and the limitations of the variables used. Contribution: This research is expected to contribute for investors and companies to find out the factors that influence profit growth.