scholarly journals Emotional Infant Face Processing in Women With Major Depression and Expecting Parents With Depressive Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Bohne ◽  
Dag Nordahl ◽  
Åsne A. W. Lindahl ◽  
Pål Ulvenes ◽  
Catharina E. A. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Memory ◽  
Infant Faces

Processing of emotional facial expressions is of great importance in interpersonal relationships. Aberrant engagement with facial expressions, particularly an engagement with sad faces, loss of engagement with happy faces, and enhanced memory of sadness has been found in depression. Since most studies used adult faces, we here examined if such biases also occur in processing of infant faces in those with depression or depressive symptoms. In study 1, we recruited 25 inpatient women with major depression and 25 matched controls. In study 2, we extracted a sample of expecting parents from the NorBaby study, where 29 reported elevated levels of depressive symptoms, and 29 were matched controls. In both studies, we assessed attentional bias with a dot-probe task using happy, sad and neutral infant faces, and facial memory bias with a recognition task using happy, sad, angry, afraid, surprised, disgusted and neutral infant and adult faces. Participants also completed the Ruminative Responses Scale and Becks Depression Inventory-II. In study 1, we found no group difference in either attention to or memory accuracy for emotional infant faces. Neither attention nor recognition was associated with rumination. In study 2, we found that the group with depressive symptoms disengaged more slowly than healthy controls from sad infant faces, and this was related to rumination. The results place emphasis on the importance of emotional self-relevant material when examining cognitive processing in depression. Together, these studies demonstrate that a mood-congruent attentional bias to infant faces is present in expecting parents with depressive symptoms, but not in inpatients with Major Depression Disorder who do not have younger children.

scholarly journals Processing of emotional infant faces in women with MDD

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerit Pfuhl ◽  
Agnes Bohne ◽  
Dag Nordahl ◽  
Catharina Elisabeth Arfwedson Wang ◽  
Pål Ulvenes
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Probe Task ◽  
Infant Faces

Depressed individuals process emotional facial expressions differently than non-depressed persons. Particularly disengaging from sad faces and enhanced memory of sadness characterizes depression. Processing of emotional facial expressions is of great importance in interpersonal relationships, and no relationship is more important than that between infant and parent. The present study examines if biases that have been discovered in processing of adult faces also occur in processing of infant faces among women with major depression. Twenty-five inpatient women with major depression, and 25 matched controls, were recruited. To assess attentional bias, participants completed a dot-probe task with happy, sad and neutral infant faces. To assess memory bias, they completed a recognition task with happy, sad, angry, afraid, surprised, disgusted and neutral infant faces. Participants also completed the Ruminative Responses Scale. Regarding attention, women with major depression were slower to disengage from neutral and sad infant faces than healthy controls. However, there was no group difference in how correctly they recognized infant faces in any valence. The results were not associated with rumination. Implications for how the attentional bias found in women with major depression could influence their social interactions with infants is discussed.

Biased processing of neutral facial expressions is associated with depressive symptoms and suicide ideation in individuals at risk for major depression due to affective temperaments

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Maniglio ◽  
Francesca Gusciglio ◽  
Valentina Lofrese ◽  
Martino Belvederi Murri ◽  
Antonino Tamburello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Affective Temperaments ◽  
Biased Processing

Attention Dynamics During Emotion Recognition by Deaf and Hearing Individuals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Krejtz ◽  
Krzysztof Krejtz ◽  
Katarzyna Wisiecka ◽  
Marta Abramczyk ◽  
Michał Olszanowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Affect Recognition ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Emotional Cues ◽  
Focal Attention ◽  
Visual Gaze ◽  
Neutral Expression

Abstract The enhancement hypothesis suggests that deaf individuals are more vigilant to visual emotional cues than hearing individuals. The present eye-tracking study examined ambient–focal visual attention when encoding affect from dynamically changing emotional facial expressions. Deaf (n = 17) and hearing (n = 17) individuals watched emotional facial expressions that in 10-s animations morphed from a neutral expression to one of happiness, sadness, or anger. The task was to recognize emotion as quickly as possible. Deaf participants tended to be faster than hearing participants in affect recognition, but the groups did not differ in accuracy. In general, happy faces were more accurately and more quickly recognized than faces expressing anger or sadness. Both groups demonstrated longer average fixation duration when recognizing happiness in comparison to anger and sadness. Deaf individuals directed their first fixations less often to the mouth region than the hearing group. During the last stages of emotion recognition, deaf participants exhibited more focal viewing of happy faces than negative faces. This pattern was not observed among hearing individuals. The analysis of visual gaze dynamics, switching between ambient and focal attention, was useful in studying the depth of cognitive processing of emotional information among deaf and hearing individuals.

Memory bias for emotional facial expressions in major depression

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Ridout ◽  
Arlene Astell ◽  
Ian Reid ◽  
Tom Glen ◽  
Ronan O'Carroll
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Memory Bias ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions

scholarly journals Differences Between Autistic and Non-autistic Adults in the Recognition of Anger From Dynamic Expressions Remain After Controlling for Alexithymia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connor Tom Keating ◽  
Sophie L Sowden ◽  
Dagmar S Fraser ◽  
Jennifer L Cook
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Point Light ◽  
And Control ◽  
Autistic Population

Abstract A burgeoning literature suggests that alexithymia, and not autism, is responsible for the difficulties with static emotion recognition that are documented in the autistic population. Here we investigate whether alexithymia can also account for difficulties with dynamic facial expressions. Autistic and control adults (N=60) matched on age, gender, non-verbal reasoning ability and alexithymia, completed an emotion recognition task, which employed dynamic point light displays of emotional facial expressions that varied in speed and spatial exaggeration. The ASD group exhibited significantly lower recognition accuracy for angry, but not happy or sad, expressions with normal speed and spatial exaggeration. The level of autistic, and not alexithymic, traits was a significant predictor of accuracy for angry expressions with normal speed and spatial exaggeration.

scholarly journals Amygdala and Nucleus Accumbens Activation to Emotional Facial Expressions in Children and Adolescents at Risk for Major Depression

2008 ◽  
Vol 165 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Monk ◽  
Rachel G. Klein ◽  
Eva H. Telzer ◽  
Elizabeth A. Schroth ◽  
Salvatore Mannuzza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions

Volition inhibitory to emotional stimuli in depression: Evidence from the antisaccade tasks

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 707-707
Author(s):  
X. Luo ◽  
R. Chen ◽  
W. Guo ◽  
H. Zhang ◽  
R. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Saccade Latency ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Arousal Level ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Direction Error

IntroductionMost previous researches indicated that impaired inhibition to emotional stimuli could be one of the important cognitive characteristics of depression individuals. The antisaccade tasks which composed of prosaccade task (PS) and antisaccade task (AS) were often used to investigate response inhibition.AimsThis study aimed to investigate the volition inhibition toward emotional stimuli in depressed mood undergraduates (DM).MethodsSubjects were grouped as 21 DM and 25 non-depressed undergraduates (ND) on the Beck Depression Inventory and Self-rating Depression Scale. The antisaccade tasks were conducted to examine the inhibition abilities by varying the arousal level of volition (low and high) of the tasks, with happy, neutral and sad facial expressions as stimuli.ResultsThe results showed that at the low volition level in the AS condition, the correct saccade latency in the DM were significant slower than the ND; The DM had reliable higher direction error rates in response to emotional facial expressions, especially for sad expressions. However, all of the differences disappeared in the high volition level antisaccade tasks. The amplitude errors data were not influenced by emotional facial expressions, and there were no group differences across tasks.ConclusionsThese results indicated the DM showed slower speed of cognitive processing and impaired inhibition abilities toward emotional faces than the ND, particularly for sad faces, but these abilities will be repaired in the high arousal level of volition, which enlighten us that training the DM's volition level of inhibition could prove to be an effective strategy to alleviate depression.

scholarly journals Schizotypy is associated with difficulties detecting emotional facial expressions

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shota Uono ◽  
Wataru Sato ◽  
Reiko Sawada ◽  
Sayaka Kawakami ◽  
Sayaka Yoshimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Facial Expression Recognition ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Clinical Population ◽  
Expression Recognition ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
Visual Change ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Age And Sex

People with schizophrenia or subclinical schizotypal traits exhibit impaired recognition of facial expressions. However, it remains unclear whether the detection of emotional facial expressions is impaired in people with schizophrenia or high levels of schizotypy. The present study examined whether the detection of emotional facial expressions would be associated with schizotypy in a non-clinical population after controlling for the effects of IQ, age, and sex. Participants were asked to respond to whether all faces were the same as quickly and as accurately as possible following the presentation of angry or happy faces or their anti-expressions among crowds of neutral faces. Anti-expressions contain a degree of visual change that is equivalent to that of normal emotional facial expressions relative to neutral facial expressions and are recognized as neutral expressions. Normal expressions of anger and happiness were detected more rapidly and accurately than their anti-expressions. Additionally, the degree of overall schizotypy was negatively correlated with the effectiveness of detecting normal expressions versus anti-expressions. An emotion–recognition task revealed that the degree of positive schizotypy was negatively correlated with the accuracy of facial expression recognition. These results suggest that people with high levels of schizotypy experienced difficulties detecting and recognizing emotional facial expressions.

scholarly journals Perception of dynamic facial emotional expressions in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD)

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Kessels ◽  
Pieter Spee ◽  
Angelique Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Emotional Facial Expressions ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Expression Of Emotions

AbstractPrevious studies have shown deficits in the perception of static emotional facial expressions in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), but results are inconclusive. Possibly, using dynamic facial stimuli expressing emotions at different levels of intensities may produce more robust results, since these resemble the expression of emotions in daily life to a greater extent. 30 Young adolescents with high-functioning ASD (IQ>85) and 30 age- and intelligence-matched controls (ages between 12 and 15) performed the Emotion Recognition Task, in which morphs were presented on a computer screen, depicting facial expressions of the six basic emotions (happiness, disgust, fear, anger, surprise and sadness) at nine levels of emotional intensity (20–100%). The results showed no overall group difference on the ERT, apart from a slightly worse performance on the perception of the emotions fear (p<0.03) and disgust (p<0.05). No interaction was found between intensity level of the emotions and group. High-functioning individuals with ASD perform similar to matched controls on the perception of dynamic facial emotional expressions, even at low intensities of emotional expression. These findings are in agreement with other recent studies showing that emotion perception deficits in high-functioning ASD may be less pronounced than previously thought.

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