Altered Local Gyrification Index and Corresponding Functional Connectivity in Medication Free Major Depressive Disorder

A lot of previous studies have documented that major depressive disorder (MDD) is a developmental disorder. The cortical surface measure, local gyrification index (LGI), can well reflect the fetal and early postnatal neurodevelopmental processes. Thus, LGI may provide new insight for the neuropathology of MDD. The previous studies only focused on the surface structural abnormality, but how the structural abnormality lead to functional connectivity changes is unexplored. In this study, we investigated LGI and corresponding functional connectivity difference in 28 medication-free MDD patients. We found significantly decreased LGI in left lingual gyrus (LING) and right posterior superior temporal sulcus (bSTS), and the changed LGI in bSTS was negatively correlated with disease onset age and anxiety scores. The following functional connectivity analyses identified decreased functional connectivities between LING and right LING, precentral gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus. The decreased functional connectivities were correlated with disease duration, onset, and depression symptoms. Our findings revealed abnormal LGI in LING and bSTS indicating that the abnormal developmental of visual and social cognition related brain areas may be an early biomarker for depression.

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Combined static and dynamic functional connectivity signatures differentiating bipolar depression from major depressive disorder

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0004867420924089 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 54 (8) ◽

pp. 832-842 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yajing Pang ◽

Huangbin Zhang ◽

Qian Cui ◽

Qi Yang ◽

Fengmei Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Sex Education ◽

Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽

Bipolar Depression ◽

Test Group ◽

Precentral Gyrus ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Sensorimotor Network

Objective: Bipolar disorder in the depressive phase (BDd) may be misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder (MDD), resulting in poor treatment outcomes. To identify biomarkers distinguishing BDd from MDD is of substantial clinical significance. This study aimed to characterize specific alterations in intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) patterns in BDd and MDD by combining whole-brain static and dynamic FC. Methods: A total of 40 MDD and 38 BDd patients, and 50 age-, sex-, education-, and handedness-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in this study. Static and dynamic FC strengths (FCSs) were analyzed using complete time-series correlations and sliding window correlations, respectively. One-way analysis of variance was performed to test group effects. The combined static and dynamic FCSs were then used to distinguish BDd from MDD and to predict clinical symptom severity. Results: Compared with HCs, BDd patients showed lower static FCS in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and greater static FCS in the caudate, while MDD patients exhibited greater static FCS in the medial orbitofrontal cortex. BDd patients also demonstrated greater static and dynamic FCSs in the thalamus compared with both MDD patients and HCs, while MDD patients exhibited greater dynamic FCS in the precentral gyrus compared with both BDd patients and HCs. Combined static and dynamic FCSs yielded higher accuracy than either static or dynamic FCS analysis alone, and also predicted anhedonia severity in BDd patients and negative mood severity in MDD patients. Conclusion: Altered FC within frontal–striatal–thalamic circuits of BDd patients and within the default mode network/sensorimotor network of MDD patients accurately distinguishes between these disorders. These unique FC patterns may serve as biomarkers for differential diagnosis and provide clues to the pathogenesis of mood disorders.

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Local gyrification index in patients with major depressive disorder and its association with tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2 ) polymorphism

Human Brain Mapping ◽

10.1002/hbm.23455 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 1299-1310 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Kyu-Man Han ◽

Eunsoo Won ◽

June Kang ◽

Aram Kim ◽

Ho-Kyoung Yoon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Tryptophan Hydroxylase ◽

Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Gyrification Index ◽

Local Gyrification Index

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Common Brain Networks Between Major Depressive-Disorder Diagnosis and Symptoms of Depression That Are Validated for Independent Cohorts

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.667881 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Ayumu Yamashita ◽

Yuki Sakai ◽

Takashi Yamada ◽

Noriaki Yahata ◽

Akira Kunimatsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Prediction Model ◽

Resting State ◽

Validation Dataset ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Major Depressive

Large-scale neuroimaging data acquired and shared by multiple institutions are essential to advance neuroscientific understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms in psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD). About 75% of studies that have applied machine learning technique to neuroimaging have been based on diagnoses by clinicians. However, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the difficulty in finding a clear association between existing clinical diagnostic categories and neurobiological abnormalities. Here, using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, we determined and validated resting-state functional connectivity related to depression symptoms that were thought to be directly related to neurobiological abnormalities. We then compared the resting-state functional connectivity related to depression symptoms with that related to depression diagnosis that we recently identified. In particular, for the discovery dataset with 477 participants from 4 imaging sites, we removed site differences using our recently developed harmonization method and developed a brain network prediction model of depression symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II [BDI] score). The prediction model significantly predicted BDI score for an independent validation dataset with 439 participants from 4 different imaging sites. Finally, we found 3 common functional connections between those related to depression symptoms and those related to MDD diagnosis. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the neural circuitry of depressive symptoms in MDD, a hetero-symptomatic population, revealing the neural basis of MDD.

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The Symptom Structure of Postdisaster Major Depression: Convergence of Evidence from 11 Disaster Studies Using Consistent Methods

Behavioral Sciences ◽

10.3390/bs11010008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Carol S. North ◽

David Baron

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Major Depression ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Diagnostic Assessment ◽

Self Report ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Symptom Scale ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Report Symptom ◽

Symptom Patterns

Agreement has not been achieved across symptom factor studies of major depressive disorder, and no studies have identified characteristic postdisaster depressive symptom structures. This study examined the symptom structure of major depression across two databases of 1181 survivors of 11 disasters studied using consistent research methods and full diagnostic assessment, addressing limitations of prior self-report symptom-scale studies. The sample included 808 directly-exposed survivors of 10 disasters assessed 1–6 months post disaster and 373 employees of 8 organizations affected by the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks assessed nearly 3 years after the attacks. Consistent symptom patterns identifying postdisaster major depression were not found across the 2 databases, and database factor analyses suggested a cohesive grouping of depression symptoms. In conclusion, this study did not find symptom clusters identifying postdisaster major depression to guide the construction and validation of screeners for this disorder. A full diagnostic assessment for identification of postdisaster major depressive disorder remains necessary.

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