A Deformation-Based Shape Study of the Corpus Callosum in First Episode Schizophrenia

Background: Previous first-episode schizophrenia (FES) studies have reported abnormalities in the volume and mid-sagittal size of the corpus callosum (CC), but findings have been inconsistent. Besides, the CC shape has rarely been analyzed in FES. Therefore, in this study, we investigated FES-related CC shape abnormalities using 198 participants [92 FES patients and 106 healthy controls (HCs)].Methods: We conducted statistical shape analysis of the mid-sagittal CC curve in a large deformation diffeomorphic metric mapping framework. The CC was divided into the genu, body, and splenium (gCC, bCC, and sCC) to target the key CC sub-regions affected by the FES pathology. Gender effects have been investigated.Results: There were significant area differences between FES and HC in the entire CC and gCC but not in bCC nor sCC. In terms of the localized shape morphometrics, significant region-specific shape inward-deformations were detected in the superior portion of gCC and the anterosuperior portion of bCC in FES. These global area and local shape morphometric abnormalities were restricted to female FES but not male FES.Conclusions: gCC was significantly affected in the neuropathology of FES and this finding was specific to female FES. This study suggests that gCC may be a key sub-region that is vulnerable to the neuropathology of FES, specifically in female patients. The morphometrics of gCC may serve as novel and efficient biomarkers for screening female FES patients.

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Morphology of the corpus callosum at different stages of schizophrenia: Cross-sectional study in first-episode and chronic illness

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.107.041251 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 192 (6) ◽

pp. 429-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Mark Walterfang ◽

Amanda G. Wood ◽

David C. Reutens ◽

Stephen J. Wood ◽

Jian Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corpus Callosum ◽

Chronic Schizophrenia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

First Episode ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Size And Shape ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia ◽

Parietal Cortices

BackgroundThe shape of the corpus callosum may differ in schizophrenia, although no study has compared first-episode with established illness.AimsTo investigate the size and shape of the corpus callosum in a large sample of people with first-episode and established schizophrenia.MethodCallosal size and shape were determined using highresolution magnetic resonance imaging on 76 patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, 86 patients with established schizophrenia and 55 healthy participants.ResultsThere were no significant differences in total area across groups. Reductions in callosal width were seen in the region of the anterior genu in first-episode disorder (P<0.005). Similar reductions were seen in the chronic schizophrenia group in the anterior genu, but also in the posterior genu and isthmus (P = 0.0005).ConclusionsReductions in anterior callosal regions connecting frontal cortex are present at the onset of schizophrenia, and in established illness are accompanied by changes in other regions of the callosum connecting cingulate, temporal and parietal cortices.

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The corpus callosum in first episode schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor imaging study

Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry ◽

10.1136/jnnp.2004.042952 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 585-587 ◽

Cited By ~ 89

Author(s):

G Price

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Imaging Study ◽

First Episode ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia ◽

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

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Diffusion abnormalities in the corpus callosum in first episode schizophrenia: Associated with enlarged lateral ventricles and symptomatology

Psychiatry Research ◽

10.1016/j.psychres.2019.02.038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 277 ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elisabetta C. del Re ◽

Sylvain Bouix ◽

Jennifer Fitzsimmons ◽

Gabriëlla A.M. Blokland ◽

Raquelle Mesholam-Gately ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Corpus Callosum ◽

First Episode ◽

Lateral Ventricles ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia

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Corpus callosum shape analysis in first-episode schizophrenia

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/12.4.432 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 432-432

Author(s):

H. Wu ◽

P. Karp ◽

J. Hu ◽

R. Bilder

Keyword(s):

Corpus Callosum ◽

Shape Analysis ◽

First Episode ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia

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A diffusion tensor imaging study of structural dysconnectivity in never-medicated, first-episode schizophrenia

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291707001808 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 38 (6) ◽

pp. 877-885 ◽

Cited By ~ 143

Author(s):

V. Cheung ◽

C. Cheung ◽

G. M. McAlonan ◽

Y. Deng ◽

J. G. Wong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽

White Matter ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Structural Connectivity ◽

First Episode ◽

Cerebral Peduncle ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Subcortical Region ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia

BackgroundDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) can be used to investigate cerebral structural connectivity in never-medicated individuals with first-episode schizophrenia.MethodSubjects with first-episode schizophrenia according to DSM-IV-R who had never been exposed to antipsychotic medication (n=25) and healthy controls (n=26) were recruited. Groups were matched for age, gender, best parental socio-economic status and ethnicity. All subjects underwent DTI and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Voxel-based analysis was performed to investigate brain regions where fractional anisotropy (FA) values differed significantly between groups. A confirmatory region-of-interest (ROI) analysis of FA scores was performed in which regions were placed blind to group membership.ResultsIn patients, FA values significantly lower than those in healthy controls were located in the left fronto-occipital fasciculus, left inferior longitudinal fasciculus, white matter adjacent to right precuneus, splenium of corpus callosum, right posterior limb of internal capsule, white matter adjacent to right substantia nigra, and left cerebral peduncle. ROI analysis of the corpus callosum confirmed that the patient group had significantly lower mean FA values than the controls in the splenium but not in the genu. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for independent ROI measurements was 0.90 (genu) and 0.90 (splenium). There were no regions where FA values were significantly higher in the patients than in the healthy controls.ConclusionsWidespread structural dysconnectivity, including the subcortical region, is already present in neuroleptic-naive patients in their first episode of illness.

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