scholarly journals Modulation of Attentional Bias to Drug and Affective Cues by Therapeutic and Neuropsychological Factors in Patients With Opioid Use Disorder on Methadone Maintenance Therapy

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhui Li ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Kathrin Weidacker ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Attentional Bias ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Drug Cues ◽  
Affective Cues ◽  
Attentional Avoidance

Objective: Abnormal selective attention to drug cues and negative affect is observed in patients with substance dependence, and it is closely associated with drug addiction and relapse. Methadone maintenance is an effective replacement therapy to treat heroin addiction, which significantly reduces the relapse rate. The present study examines whether the patients with opioid use disorder on chronic methadone maintenance therapy exhibit abnormal attentional bias to drug cues and negative-affective cues. Moreover, its relation to therapeutic and neuropsychological factors is also examined.Methods: Seventy-nine patients with opioid use disorder under chronic methadone maintenance therapy and 73 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy controls were recruited and assessed for attentional bias to drug cues and negative affect using a dot-probe detection task. Correlational analysis was used to examine the relationships between the attentional bias and the demographic, therapeutic, and neuropsychological factors.Results: No significant overall patient-control group difference is observed in drug-related or negative-affective-related attentional bias scores. In the patient group, however, a significant negative correlation is found between the attentional bias scores to negative-affective cues and the duration of methadone treatment (p = 0.027), with the patients receiving longer methadone treatment showing less attentional avoidance to negative-affective cues. A significant positive correlation is found between the negative affect-induced bias and the impulsivity score (p = 0.006), with more impulsive patients showing higher attentional avoidance to negative affective cues than less impulsive patients. Additionally, the patients detect a smaller percentage of probe stimuli following the drug (p = 0.029) or negative-affective pictures (p = 0.009) than the healthy controls.Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that the patients under chronic methadone maintenance therapy show normalized attentional bias to drug and negative-affective cues, confirming the involuntary attention of the patients is not abnormally captured by external drug or negative-affective clues. Our findings also highlight that the attentional avoidance of negative-affective cues is modulated by the duration of methadone treatment and the impulsivity level in the patients.

scholarly journals Harm Reduction Service Utilization Among People Who Inject Drugs in Tajikistan: Prevalence and Precipitating Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary M. Tate ◽  
Daniel J. Bromberg ◽  
Kamiar Alaei ◽  
Saifuddin Karimov ◽  
Dilshod Saidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Therapy ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Needle And Syringe Programs

Abstract Tajikistan is in a unique geopolitical location along the global heroin trade route, exacerbating its own opioid use disorder and HIV epidemics. With one of the highest rates of opioid use disorder in the world, and 20,000-30,000 people who inject drugs in the country, Tajikistan’s government and international actors have provided harm reduction measures for people who use drugs, like narcology centers, needle and syringe programs, and methadone maintenance therapy. No implementation science studies have been conducted in Tajikistan and the current implementation gaps in service uptake are unknown. The purpose of this paper is to determine the prevalence of harm reduction service uptake among people who use drugs in Tajikistan, and determine which factors are associated with service uptake. Methods This paper uses data from the National AIDS Registry, subset to patients who use drugs (n=11,029) and cross-sectional data from a bio-behavioral survey conducted in 2017 (n=2,390). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess associations between study variables and probably of uptake of narcology center registration, uptake of needle and syringe programs, and registration into methadone maintenance therapy. Results Fewer than half of all people who inject drugs (42.4%) were registered with the narcology center , most people who inject drugs (88.6%) reported always having access to clean syringes, and only 5.3% of PWID had ever engaged in methadone treatment in Tajikistan. There were ethnic differences in service uptake – with ethnic Russians and Uzbeks less likely to use services than ethnic Tajiks. Men who have sex with men and people living with HIV were also more likely to access services than heterosexual or seronegative individuals. Conclusion Narcology center registration and clean needle coverage are high in Tajikistan. Methadone maintenance therapy uptake, however, is low, like in other countries in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. NGO and government initiatives that target risk groups (like LGBTQ+ people and people living with HIV) seem to have been somewhat effective at recruiting their clientele into services. Future research might focus on the “positive deviancy” of these subgroups of people who use drugs to learn how to increase service uptake generally.

Use of Methadone Maintenance Therapy for Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy

NeoReviews ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. e699-e704
Author(s):  
Julia Knypinski ◽  
Thammatat Vorawandthanachai ◽  
Diana S. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Decreased Level of Blood MicroRNA-133b in Men with Opioid Use Disorder on Methadone Maintenance Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1105
Author(s):  
Hsu ◽  
Huang ◽  
Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Ribonucleic Acids ◽  
Methadone Dosage ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Serum Micrornas

Although previous animal studies have indicated that certain micro ribonucleic acids (microRNAs) play a part in the pathway of opioid addiction, whether such findings extend to human models is yet unknown. This study aims to investigate the important microRNA expressions in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) on methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) compared to healthy controls and analyze the correlation between microRNAs and opioid characteristics among the patients. We recruited 50 patients and 25 controls, and both groups were matched regarding gender, age, and body mass index. Serum microRNAs (miR-133b, miR-23b, miR-190, miR-206, miR-210, and miR-21) were measured. The age of OUD onset, duration of MMT participation, and recent daily methadone dosage were considered the opioid characteristics. We adopted the t-test to compare the difference between patients and controls and Pearson's correlation to evaluate the association between microRNAs and opioid profiles. Only the level of miR-133b in OUD patients on MMT was significantly lower than that in healthy controls. We did not detect differences of any other microRNA expressions between the two groups. Furthermore, we found no evidence to support the association between microRNAs and opioid characteristics. This study indicates that miR-133b values may be decreased in OUD patients on MMT.

scholarly journals Erectile Dysfunction in Methadone Maintenance Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Motazedian ◽  
Sepehr Entezam ◽  
SeyedShahab Banihashem ◽  
Ghazal Zahed ◽  
Ali Kheradmand
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: Methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) is one of the most common treatments for drug use complications. Sexual disorders are reported as common side effects of these treatments, the most important of which is erectile dysfunction. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of dose-dependence and duration of methadone treatment on erectile dysfunction in patients undergoing methadone maintenance therapy. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 192 opioid-dependent men undergoing methadone maintenance treatment at Shariati Hospital in Fasa (Iran) in 2018. Samples were selected by the available sampling method. Each individual was given a demographic questionnaire, methadone consumption questionnaire, and standard erectile dysfunction questionnaire. The one way ANOVA test and, in some cases, Pearson correlation coefficient with chi-square test for qualitative variables were used. Results: Mean age of patients was 41.41 ± 8.41, the mean duration of MMT was 60.53 ± 37.8 months, and the mean therapeutic dose was 83.68 ± 27.07mg. 171 (86.8%) were married, 13 (6.8%) had no erectile dysfunction. While 37 (19.3%) had mild, 78 (19.3%) mild to moderate, 48 (25%) moderate, and 16 (8.3%) had severe erectile dysfunction. The results showed that erectile dysfunction was significantly associated with age and duration of methadone consumption. However, the type of methadone and marital status had no significant association with erectile function. Conclusions: Erectile dysfunction is common in men receiving MMT. The severity of erectile dysfunction is related to the duration of MMT and is not dose-dependent. Therefore, subjects who are on long-term MMT need more frequent erectile dysfunction assessment.

scholarly journals Laxatives and Erectile Dysfunction Medications to Treat Side Effects of Opioid Agonist and Methadone Maintenance Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara D. Khangura ◽  
Andrea Ryce
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Methadone Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Opioid Agonist ◽  
Medical Interventions

Opioid agonist and methadone maintenance therapies are essential medical interventions for effectively managing opioid use disorder. However, side effects, including constipation and erectile dysfunction can compromise treatment adherence and increase the risk of relapse. No studies or guidelines describing the clinical effectiveness or recommendations for the use of laxatives or erectile dysfunction medications in the treatment of constipation or erectile dysfunction in patients undergoing OAT or MMT were identified. Research is needed to understand the clinical effectiveness and inform guidance concerning the treatment of constipation with laxatives and the use of medications indicated for erectile dysfunction.

scholarly journals Prenatal Methadone Exposure Disrupts Behavioral Development and Alters Motor Neuron Intrinsic Properties and Local Circuitry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory G. Grecco ◽  
Briana Mork ◽  
Jui Yen Huang ◽  
Corinne E. Metzger ◽  
David L. Haggerty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Methadone Maintenance ◽  
Methadone Treatment ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Behavioral Assessments ◽  
Local Circuitry

ABSTRACTDespite the rising prevalence of methadone treatment in pregnant women with opioid use disorder, the effects of methadone on neurobehavioral development remain unclear. We developed a translational mouse model of prenatal methadone exposure (PME) that resembles the typical pattern of opioid use by pregnant women who first use oxycodone then switch to methadone maintenance pharmacotherapy, and subsequently become pregnant while maintained on methadone. We investigated the effects of PME on physical development, sensorimotor behavior, and motor neuron properties using a multidisciplinary approach of physical, biochemical, and behavioral assessments along with brain slice electrophysiology and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging. PME produced substantial impairments in offspring physical growth, activity in an open field, and sensorimotor milestone acquisition which were associated with alterations in motor neuron functioning and connectivity. The present study adds to the limited work examining PME by providing a comprehensive, translationally relevant characterization of how PME disrupts offspring development.

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