scholarly journals Investigating the Associations Between Child Autistic Symptoms, Socioeconomic Context, and Family Life: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Koziarz ◽  
Caroline Roncadin ◽  
Anna Kata ◽  
Eric Duku ◽  
Amber Cauwenbergs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Autistic Child ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Child Characteristics ◽  
Socioeconomic Context ◽  
Symptom Frequency ◽  
Autistic Symptom ◽  
Autistic Symptoms

Objective: The day-to-day experience of families with an Autistic child may be shaped by both, child characteristics and available resources, which often are influenced by the socioeconomic context of the family. Using a socioecological approach, this study explored the quantitative associations between child autistic symptoms, family socioeconomic status, and family life.Methods: Data came from the Pediatric Autism Research Cohort—PARC Study (pilot). Parents of children with a recent diagnosis of autism completed a set of assessments, including the Autism Family Experience Questionnaire, Autism Impact Measure, and a Sociodemographic Questionnaire. A series of multiple, iterative linear regression models were constructed to ascertain quantitative associations between child autistic symptoms, socioeconomic context, and family life.Results: A total of 50 children (mean age: 76 months; SD: 9.5 months; and 84% male) with data on the variables of interest were included in the analysis. The frequency of child autistic symptoms was associated with family life outcomes (p = 0.02 and R2 = 24%). Once autistic symptom frequency, symptom impact, and sociodemographic variables were considered, parents of higher educational attainment reported worse family life outcomes compared to their lesser-educated counterparts. This cumulative regression model had considerable explanatory capability (p = 0.01, R2 = 40%).Conclusion: This study demonstrates the utility of using a socioecological approach to examine the dynamic interplay between child characteristics and family circumstances. Our findings suggest that family life for parents (of an autistic child) who have obtained higher education is reported (by the parents themselves) as less satisfactory compared to that of parents without higher education, once adjusted for the autistic symptom frequency of child, symptom impact, and income. These findings can inform the design and delivery of more family-centered care pathways during the years following a diagnosis of autism.

scholarly journals Provider Communication and Loneliness in Senior Living Communities During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 721-721
Author(s):  
Lindsay Wilkinson ◽  
Julie Masters ◽  
Julie Blaskewicz Boron
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Provider Communication ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Resource Substitution ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Prior research has demonstrated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on feelings of loneliness, but relatively little is known about loneliness in the context of senior living communities (SLCs). Indeed, the pandemic has led SLCs to enact new safety precautions, including visitor restrictions, intended to reduce the spread of COVID-19, which may have serious consequences for the psychosocial well-being of residents. Drawing on a sample of 733 adults ages 54 to 100 living in one of nine SLCs in December 2020 (response rate = 60%), linear regression models were used to examine whether perceived communication between SLCs and residents during the COVID-19 pandemic influenced feelings of loneliness. Analyses also considered whether this association varied as a function of education. Our findings reveal that 53% of respondents were very lonely during the pandemic. However, older adults who perceived that their SLC had been helpful to their understanding of the pandemic were significantly less lonely (p < 0.01), adjusting for sociodemographic and health characteristics. Moreover, we found that less educated older adults derived the greatest benefit from effective communication about the pandemic (p < 0.05). Those with less education reported feeling lonelier if they did not perceive that their SLC communicated in a way that helped them better understand the pandemic; there was no such association for those with higher education. The findings from this study provide support for the resource substitution hypothesis and demonstrate the importance of communication in alleviating feelings of loneliness during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Role of Donepezil in Autism: Its Conduciveness in Psychopharmacotherapy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Kant Srivastava ◽  
Medhavi Agarwal ◽  
Ashish Pundhir
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Autistic Child ◽  
Nicotinic Receptor ◽  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Receptor Activity ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms ◽  
Autistic Symptoms ◽  
Patient Department

A woman consulted psychiatric Out-Patient Department (OPD) for her 5-year and 2-month-old son presenting with typical autistic symptoms like social, behavioural, and communicational ineptitudeness. Subsequent treatment with Donepezil resulted in marked improvement in the aforementioned symptomatology. Recent studies in autistic child have shown diminished acetylcholine and nicotinic receptor activity, thus an acetylcholinergic enhancer, Donepezil, likely accounts for improvement in autistic symptoms. Evidently, the case report consolidates Donepezil role as a potentially useful agent in the treatment of cognitive and behavioural symptoms observed in this disorder.

De invloed van ouderlijke echtscheiding op schoolloopbanen

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Nele Havermans ◽  
Sofie Vanassche ◽  
Koen Matthijs
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Parental Divorce ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Educational Careers

In dit onderzoek wordt de invloed van een echtscheiding op drie scharniermomenten in de schoolloopbaan van kinderen onderzocht aan de hand van data van het onderzoeksproject Scheiding in Vlaanderen. De resultaten tonen aan dat kinderen van gescheiden ouders significant minder kans hebben om een ASO‐richting te volgen in het secundair onderwijs en om een diploma hoger onderwijs te behalen. De effecten van een echtscheiding op de onderwijsuitkomsten van kinderen verschillen naargelang het opleidingsniveau van ouders: kinderen van laagopgeleide ouders ondervinden een sterker negatief effect van een echtscheiding op hun schoolloopbaan dan kinderen van hoogopgeleide ouders. Leerlingen die reeds een moeilijkere positie hebben in het onderwijs, lopen hierdoor het risico nog verder achterop te geraken. De resultaten benadrukken de nood aan meer aandacht voor de thuissituatie van kinderen in het Vlaams onderwijsbeleid. Abstract : The influence of divorce on three key moments in children’s educational careers is investigated in this article. Data of the research project Divorce in Flanders are used to investigate this relationship.  The results demonstrate that children of divorced parents have a lower probability of following a general track in secondary school and attaining a degree of higher education. Further, the results show that the effects of divorce on the educational outcomes of children differ according to parents’ educational level. Children of lower educated parents are more negatively affected by a parental divorce than children of high educated parents. So, to put it differently, children who already struggle more in school on average, risk even more difficulties when parents divorce. The results stress the need for more policy attention for children’s family life.

Atypical sensory profiles as core features of adult ADHD, irrespective of autistic symptoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bijlenga ◽  
J.Y.M. Tjon-Ka-Jie ◽  
F. Schuijers ◽  
J.J.S. Kooij
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Sensory Sensitivity ◽  
Autistic Symptom ◽  
Autistic Symptoms ◽  
Sensory Profiles

AbstractBackground:Abnormal sensory sensitivity is a feature of autism-spectrum disorder (ASD), but is also reported in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In many cases, ADHD and ASD are comorbid. This study investigated the prevalence of sensory hyper- and hyposensitivity among adults with ADHD, controlling for autistic symptoms.Method:One hundred and sixteen adults diagnosed with ADHD completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile-NL (AASP-NL) and the Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaires. Prevalences of hyper- and hyposensitivity and autism-spectrum symptoms were compared to norm values. Multivariate binary logistic regressions were used to determine the association of autistic symptoms, age, gender, ADHD subtype, self-reported severity of ADHD symptoms, comorbid disorders, and use of medication on the sensory hypo- and hypersensitivity in adults with ADHD.Results:Adults with ADHD had more autistic symptoms, and they had both more hyper- and hyposensitivity compared to norm groups. This was especially apparent in the Activity level and Auditory sensory modalities. Sensory hypo- and hypersensitivity were both related to an increased ADHD score, even showing a dose-response relationship, but not to any autistic symptom or comorbid disorder. As much as 43% of the females with ADHD reported sensory hypo- and/or hypersensitivity, compared to 22% of the men.Conclusions:Sensory hypo- and hypersensitivity may be viewed as key features of adult ADHD, especially in females, regardless of any autistic symptoms. Future research should be directed at the implications of this sensory dysregulation for the understanding of the pathophysiology of (female) ADHD, and on the usefulness of assessment of atypical sensory profiles in the diagnostic procedure of ADHD in adults.

Family Life and Higher Education

1924 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Irving Maurer∗
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Family Life

scholarly journals Employment and further study outcomes for care-experienced graduates in the UK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Harrison ◽  
Zoë Baker ◽  
Jacqueline Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Educational History ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Social Upheaval

AbstractLife outcomes for people who spent time in the care of the state as children (‘care-experienced’) are known to be significantly lower, on average, than for the general population. The reasons for this are complex and multidimensional, relating to social upheaval, disrupted schooling, mental and physical health issues and societal stigmatisation. Previous studies across several countries have demonstrated that they are significantly less likely to participate in higher education and more likely to withdraw early. However, little is currently known about their outcomes after graduation.This paper therefore explores the initial outcomes for the 1,010 full-time students identified as care-experienced within the cohort graduating from an undergraduate degree programme in the UK in 2016/17—the most recent year for which data are available. They were found to be slightly more likely to be unemployed and less likely to be in work (and particularly professional work) than their peers, but, conversely, more likely to be studying. These differences largely disappeared once background educational and demographic factors were controlled.The paper discusses the relationship between care-experience and other sites of inequality, concluding that care-experienced graduates are crucially over-represented in groups that are disadvantaged in the graduate labour market—e.g. by ethnicity, disability or educational history. This intersectional inequality largely explains their lower graduate outcomes. While there are important limitations with the data available, this speaks for the transformational potential of higher education in enabling care-experienced graduates to transcend childhood adversity. Recommendations for national policy and local practices conclude the paper.

scholarly journals Priorities of the student youth: Education, family, work

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-928
Author(s):  
I. B. Nazarova ◽  
M. P. Zelenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Student Life ◽  
Family Work ◽  
Life Trajectories ◽  
Youth Education ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Life Trajectory

Based on the data of the survey conducted in 2018, the authors present the Russian students social ideas on possible life trajectories, including relations between young people, marriage, creating a family, birth of children, responsibility for actions in the interpersonal space, interaction with parents, education and career. The authors chose the vignettes technique based on five factors-values describing the student life trajectory. The use of the vignette technique and logistic regression allowed to prove the most significant values of students (independent variables) based on their approval of the actions of the vignette actors (a dependent variable). During the undergraduate period, getting a higher education is a priority compared to starting a family life, having a child, employment and parental support. The value of education is 2.3 times more important than the value of creating a family, and 3.1 times more important than having a child. When evaluating the vignette actions, the priority of education over family creation is more typical for boys. Marrying and creating a family during the student years are approved primarily for girls. The probability of the approval of a young man marrying or starting a family is 29%, while the approval of a girl in the same situation - 96%; childbirth is supported for both girls (30%) and boys (19%), employment - rather for girls (21%), parental support - rather for boys. Education is an absolute priority for all respondents; however, for girls during their student years a more intense life trajectory is approved - getting a higher education, starting a family life, having a child and a job or a part-time job. In the traditional perspective, family and children are an important component of womens life; however, the girl should have a modernist choice too - with a focus on career and employment.

scholarly journals Straight Spouses Speak Out

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (SI) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amity Pierce Buxton ◽  
Lisa B. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Same Gender

This article highlights the experiences of straight spouses who have weathered the ìcoming outî storm of their partners and their views of same-gender marriage. Experiences of shock, denial, and for some, relief, are chronicled, along with post-disclosure stories of coping and family life outcomes. An overview of mixed-orientation marriage and children from these marriages are discussed.

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