Institutional Care and Family Reintegration: The Transition Process in the Voices of Young Brazilians

This article aims to present reflections on the transition from being institutionalised to autonomous life, from the perspective of deinstitutionalised young Brazilians. Five young adults participated in the pilot study. The Piagetian clinical method was used. Through semi-structured interviews, the following were investigated: causes of institutionalisation, preparation for transition, deinstitutionalisation and perspectives of present and future life. The results indicate that there was no effective preparation for transition from the institution to the family and/or independent life. Biological families have difficulties in achieving (re) integration and overcoming conflicts between parents and children. In conclusion, when leaving institutions, some young people manage to build their own arrangements for a new life trajectory, while others return to contexts of risk and life on the street. Public policies to assist these young people should be prioritised.

Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos e Trabalho Informal: a experiência do município de Francisco Beltrão (Paraná) ## Solid Waste Management and Informal Work: the experience of the municipality of Francisco Beltrão (Paraná, Brazil)

Este trabalho de abordagem qualitativa, buscou conhecer a trajetória de vida de agentes ambientais e a importância atribuída por eles à atividade de catador de material reciclável, bem como conhecer as experiências do município de Francisco Beltrão-PR em atividades relacionadas ao tratamento de resíduos sólidos. Foram entrevistados três trabalhadores informais que atuam na coleta de materiais recicláveis, mediante termo de consentimento com a pesquisa. E, para compreender a concepção que subsidia as ações do poder público municipal, foi entrevistado o diretor da Secretaria Municipal do Meio Ambiente. Dentre os resultados das entrevistas com os catadores, destaca-se que a catação de material reciclável se torna alternativa na falta de qualificação para o mercado de trabalho. Estes trabalhadores são frequentemente submetidos a situações de risco à saúde e rotina diária exaustiva realizada em condições precárias, corroborando com a entrevista realizada com o diretor da Secretaria Municipal do Meio Ambiente. Os resultados da pesquisa podem contribuir no reconhecimento do trabalho exercido pelos agentes ambientais e/ou catadores de material reciclável como relevante para a sociedade. ABSTRACTThis qualitative approach work searched to know the life trajectory of environmental agents and the importance assigned by them to the activity of collecting recyclable material, and to know the experiences lived by the city of Francisco Beltrão activities related to solid waste treatment. Three informal workers that act in collecting recyclable material were interviewed, through permission form about the research. And, to understand the conception that subsidizes the actions of the municipal government, the director of Environmental Municipal Secretary was interviewed. Among the collectors’ interviews results, it is noteworthy that collecting recyclable material becomes an alternative in the absence of enough qualification to the labor market. These workers are frequently subjected on health risks situations and an exhaustive routine performed in precarious conditions, corroborating the interview conducted with the Environment Municipal Secretary director. The research results can contribute to the environmental agents and/or recyclable material collectors works recognition as relevant to the society.

Educação e a emancipação social na trajetória de vida dos sujeitos da EJA

Este estudo versa sobre o papel da educação escolarizada para a emancipação social na perspectiva dos sujeitos da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Com o intuito de compreender a relação entre educação escolarizada e emancipação social, utilizou-se da análise de mosaicos elaborados pelos sujeitos da pesquisa. Portanto, foram usados como referencial teórico os estudos sobre trajetória de vida, relacionando os conceitos de habitus e campos de Bourdieu (1989, 2007, 2011) e emancipação social na perspectiva de Freire (1980, 2006, 2013) e Adorno (1995). Os dados coletados pertencem às pesquisas realizadas durante o mestrado (de 2018 a 2020), sobretudo, com o mosaico. Por meio dessa atividade, foram analisadas as seguintes categorias: desenvolvimento da pessoa humana, protagonismo, participação crítica na sociedade e no mundo do trabalho. Percebeu-se a importância da escolarização para a vida dos sujeitos da EJA, nos campos familiar, laboral e social, em níveis e necessidades diferentes.Palavras-chave: Educação escolarizada; Emancipação social; EJA.Education and social emancipation in the life story of EJA subjectsABSTRACTThis study presents the role of school education for social emancipation from the perspective of the subjects of Youth and Adult Education (EJA). In order to understand the relationship between school education and social emancipation, we analysed the mosaics that were elaborated by the research subjects. For this understanding, the studies of the life trajectory categories were used as a theoretical framework, relating the concepts of habitus and fields, with Bourdieu (1989, 2007 and 2011) and social emancipation from the perspective of Freire (1980, 2006 and 2013) and we bring some considerations from Adorno (1995). He collected data belong to the researches carried out during the master degree (2018-2020), especially with the mosaic. By means of this activity, the following categories were analyzed: human development, protagonism, critical participation in society and in the working world. The importance of schooling for the lives of EJA subjects was perceived in the family, work and social fields at different levels and needs.Keywords: School education; Social emancipation; EJA.Educación y emancipación social en la trayectoria de vida de los individuos EJARESUMENEste estudio presenta el papel de la educación escolar para la emancipación social desde la perspectiva de los individuos de Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos (EJA). Para comprender la relación entre educación escolar y emancipación social se utilizó el análisis de mosaicos elaborados por los sujetos de investigación. Para esta comprensión, se utilizaron como marco teórico los estudios de las categorías de trayectorias de vida, relacionando los conceptos de habitus y campos, con Bourdieu (1989, 2007 y 2011) y la emancipación social desde la perspectiva de Freire (1980, 2006 y 2013). y traemos algunas consideraciones de Adorno (1995). Los datos recogidos pertenecen a investigaciones realizadas durante el máster (2018 a 2020), especialmente con el mosaico. A través de esta actividad se analizaron las siguientes categorías: desarrollo humano, protagonismo, participación crítica en la sociedad y en el mundo del trabajo. La importancia de la escolarización para la vida de los sujetos de EJA se percibió en el ámbito familiar, laboral y social en diferentes niveles y necesidades. Palabras clave: Educación escolar; Emancipación social; EJA.

Error Bounded Line Simplification Algorithms for Trajectory Compression: An Experimental Evaluation

Nowadays, various sensors are collecting, storing, and transmitting tremendous trajectory data, and it is well known that the storage, network bandwidth, and computing resources could be heavily wasted if raw trajectory data is directly adopted. Line simplification algorithms are effective approaches to attacking this issue by compressing a trajectory to a set of continuous line segments, and are commonly used in practice. In this article, we first classify the error bounded line simplification algorithms into different categories and review each category of algorithms. We then study the data aging problem of line simplification algorithms and distance metrics from the views of aging friendliness and aging errors. Finally, we present a systematic experimental evaluation of representative error bounded line simplification algorithms, including both compression optimal and sub-optimal methods, in terms of commonly adopted perpendicular Euclidean, synchronous Euclidean, and direction-aware distances. Using real-life trajectory datasets, we systematically evaluate and analyze the performance (compression ratio, average error, running time, aging friendliness, and query friendliness) of error bounded line simplification algorithms with respect to distance metrics, trajectory sizes, and error bounds. Our study provides a full picture of error bounded line simplification algorithms, which leads to guidelines on how to choose appropriate algorithms and distance metrics for practical applications.

Entrepreneurial learning among practices: aesthetic and sensible knowledge in the life trajectory of entrepreneurs

PurposeUsing the concept of knowing-in-practice (KinP), and drawing from current understandings of aesthetic and sensible knowledge within organization studies, this study explores how the entrepreneurial learning (EL) process unfolds over time, throughout the lives of startup founders, well before entrepreneurial action takes place.Design/methodology/approachUsing a life histories approach, 25 interviews were conducted with the founders of 18 startups. Additional 14 semi-structured interviews were conducted with other startups' founders, focusing on thematic stories. Data were analyzed using abduction and narrative analysis.FindingsAlthough each entrepreneur's history is unique, the authors show that entrepreneurs' lives are generally a texture of practices, resulting in aesthetic–sensible knowledge that is developed as entrepreneurs participate in various social practices. This includes KinP episodes where perceptive-sensorial faculties are fundamental for entrepreneurs to perceive the world, recognize/create opportunities and launch a business.Research limitations/implicationsThe historical approach did not allow the authors to witness firsthand the practices and KinP episodes that participants verbalized. Regardless, the results show that aesthetic and sensible knowledge provide a fruitful lens for investigating EL while highlighting the indissoluble relationship between practice and learning.Originality/valueAlthough the senses have been recognized as fundamental for learning in organizations, entrepreneurship scholars have yet to explore the aesthetic and sensory processes involved in EL. The primary contribution of this paper is to develop a new understanding of the situated nature of EL as a process that starts well before entrepreneurial action occurs, stemming from entrepreneurs' experiencing of certain practices and the aesthetic and sensible knowledge they build over their life trajectory.

Building Resilience During COVID-19: Recommendations for Adapting the DREAM Program – Live Edition to an Online-Live Hybrid Model for In-Person and Virtual Classrooms

In standard times, approximately 20% of children and youth experience significant emotional, behavioral, or social challenges. During COVID-19, however, over half of parents have reported mental health symptoms in their children. Specifically, depressive symptoms, anxiety, contamination obsessions, family well-being challenges, and behavioral concerns have emerged globally for children during the pandemic. Without treatment or prevention, such concerns may hinder positive development, personal life trajectory, academic success, and inhibit children from meeting their potential. A school-based resiliency program for children (DREAM) for children was developed, and the goal of this study was to collaborate with stakeholders to translate it into an online-live hybrid. Our team developed a methodology to do this based on Knowledge Translation-Integration (KTI), which incorporates stakeholder engagement throughout the entire research to action process. KTI aims to ensure that programs are acceptable, sustainable, feasible, and credible. Through collaboration with parents and school board members, qualitative themes of concerns, recommendations and validation were established, aiding in meaningful online-live translation. Even though the original program was developed for intellectually gifted children, who are at greater risk for mental health concerns, stakeholders suggested using the program for both gifted and non-gifted children, given the universal applicability of the tools, particularly during this pandemic time period when mental health promotion is most relevant. An online-live approach would allow students studying at home and those studying in the classroom to participate in the program. Broader implications of this study include critical recommendations for the development of both online-live school programs in general, as well as social-emotional literacy programs for children.

Subjective Well-Being and Parenthood in Chile

Being a parent plays an important role in people’s life trajectory and identity. Though the general cultural perception is that having children is a source of subjective well-being, there is evidence that, at least in some societies, the subjective well-being of those who are parents is worse, in some aspects, than that of those who are not. This gap has been the object of interest and controversy. The aim of this study was to compare Chilean adults with and without children in a broad set of well-being indicators, controlling for other sociodemographic variables. A public national probabilistic database was used. The results show that, in terms of positive and negative affect, those who are not parents achieve greater well-being than those who have children. Other results also pointed in that direction. The implications of the social context and gender, which are aspects that pose a burden for the exercise of parenthood in Chile, are discussed.