scholarly journals Rare Metastasis of Gastric Cancer to the Thyroid Gland: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehui Wu ◽  
Tao Guo ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Liang Cheng ◽  
Xiaosi Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Subtotal Gastrectomy ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Oesophagogastric Junction ◽  
The Right ◽  
Metastasis To The Thyroid

Background: It is common for patients with gastric cancer to develop distant metastases in the liver, lung, bone, and brain. Although the thyroid also has an abundant blood supply, gastric cancer metastasis to the thyroid is uncommon. Due to the rarity of such metastasis, its clinical features are not well understood. Here, we present the case of a patient with gastric cancer metastasis to the thyroid treated at our hospital.Case Summary: We report the case of a 63-year-old female with a mass in the anterior neck and mild hoarseness for 6 months. The patient underwent proximal subtotal gastrectomy for Siewert III oesophagogastric junction cancer 6 years ago. Subsequently, she received 8 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Her condition was stable until mild hoarseness developed for no apparent reason 6 months prior to presenting at our clinic. Both ultrasonography and computed tomography confirmed a heterogeneous mass in the right lobe of the thyroid gland. Blood thyroid function tests and tumor marker expression levels were normal. Thyroid malignancy was suspected, and the patient underwent a right thyroidectomy. During the surgery, a tumor was found that had invaded the right recurrent laryngeal nerve and trachea. H&E staining and immunohistochemistry results suggested that the cancer cells originated from gastric cancer. The patient was diagnosed with thyroid metastasis of gastric cancer. She refused further treatment and died within 6 months.Conclusion: Metastasis of gastric cancer to the thyroid is rare and is associated with a poor prognosis. Immunohistochemical diagnosis is essential for a conclusive diagnosis. For patients with a history of malignant tumors, the possibility of metastatic thyroid nodules should be ruled out when diagnosing thyroid nodules.

scholarly journals Subacute Thyroiditis Associated With Liraglutide

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A957-A957
Author(s):  
Banu Erturk ◽  
Selcuk Dagdelen
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
The Right

Abstract Objective: Incretins are expressed in thyroid tissue but without clearly-known clinical significance in human. The long-term effect of GLP-1 receptor activation on the thyroid is unknown. In the literature, liragludite-related thyroiditis has not been reported yet and here we wanted to draw attention to this association. Case Summary: A 52-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with thyroid tenderness, tremor and fever. Her lab results were as follows: undetectable TSH, free T4 (FT4) = 2,4 ng/dl (0.93-1.7), free T3 (FT3) = 4.4 pg/mL (2-4.4). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was 60 mm/hour, C-reactive protein (CRP) was 80 mg/L. Thyroid autoantibodies were negative. USG revealed that thyroid gland was in normal localization and the right lobe was 24x22x46 mm and the left lobe was 20x21x45 mm, isthmus thickness was 5 mm. The parenchyma was heterogeneous, coarsely granular, with bilateral patchy hypoechoic areas. All these findings suggested that the patient had subacute thyroiditis. When we examine the etiological factors of subacute thyroiditis in the patient, there was no history of trauma, no previous viral or bacterial illness, contrast agent exposure. But, she had only been using liraglutide for a week. Firstly liraglutide therapy was ceased and than 20 mg prednisolone and 40 mg beta-blocker therapy was initiated. At the 8 weeks’ of cessation, patient had no symptoms. Also thyroid function tests and other laboratory values were all in normal limits. Conclusions: It has been proven by previous studies that liraglutide has several effects on the thyroid gland. Liraglutide therapy might be related to subacute thyroiditis, as well.

scholarly journals Case Report of Postpartum Thyroid Nodule Size Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A923-A923
Author(s):  
Jana Havranova ◽  
Thomas Gallagher ◽  
Mohammad Ishaq Arastu
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
White Coat Hypertension ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
True Association

Abstract Introduction: Thyroid nodules are very common. They occur more commonly in women with an increased prevalence of thyroid nodules reported in pregnancy. Most thyroid nodules diagnosed during pregnancy are benign. Pregnancy causes major physiological changes including changes in the levels of thyroid hormones and the elevation of thyroid binding globulin. Thyroid nodules may also occur in people with abnormal thyroid function tests manifesting as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. We present a unique case of a new diagnosis of a large thyroid nodule that has significantly decreased in size after 20 months postpartum. Case description: Patient is a 31 year old female with past medical history of anxiety and white coat hypertension who was diagnosed with a 3.3 x 2.3 x 2.1 cm thyroid nodule a month following delivery. Patient did not have any abnormalities in her thyroid function tests before, during, or after pregnancy. She remained euthyroid throughout the pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the nodule showed atypia of undetermined significance (Bethesda Category III). The specimen was further analyzed by afirma testing that confirmed benign pathology. Twenty months postpartum, the thyroid nodule significantly decreased in size to 1.9 x 1.4 x 1.2 cm. Conclusion: Thyroid hormone levels physiologically change during pregnancy and this may affect the growth of thyroid nodules. We just presented a patient who exhibited a significant decrease in the size of her thyroid nodule. Sahin et al. showed that while the size of the thyroid nodule increases during pregnancy the number of nodules remains unaffected. Kung et al. showed that pregnancy is associated with an increase in the size of preexisting thyroid nodules as well as the number of newly developed thyroid nodules. Vanucchi et al. showed that although the thyroid gland becomes larger, particularly in late pregnancy, the sizes of any preexisting thyroid nodules remained unchanged and patients’ thyroid gland size returned to normal after delivery. The current literature provides conflicting data on this topic. The true association between pregnancy and thyroid nodules is unknown. Contemporary literature is ambiguous on this topic and more scientific studies are required to find the true association between pregnancy, the formation of thyroid nodules, and increase in the size or number of thyroid nodules.

Breast cancer metastasis to the thyroid gland – A case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Michou ◽  
Ioannis Kakoulidis ◽  
Ioannis Ilias ◽  
Evangelia Venaki ◽  
Eftychia Koukkou
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Breast Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Metastasis To The Thyroid

scholarly journals Percutaneous Ethanol Ablation for Management of Cystic Thyroid Nodules: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Kristanto Yuli Yarso ◽  
Monica Bellynda
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Colloid Cyst ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Cytological Examination ◽  
Ethanol Ablation ◽  
Cystic Fluid ◽  
Painless Mass ◽  
The Right

Introduction: Percutaneous Ethanol Ablation (PEA) has been recommended as the first-line treatment option for symptomatic benign cystic or predominantly cystic thyroid nodules, and it has been shown to be more effective and safer than other techniques in previous studies. Here, we present a case of a 44-year-old man with thyroid nodules who underwent PEA.Case Presentation: We report the case of a 44-year-old man with a painless mass that is getting bigger on his right neck. The physical examination measured 3.0 × 3.0 × 3.0 cm, mobile on swallowing, no pain on palpation. Thyroid function tests show a euthyroid state (TSH 2.4 mIU/L, FT4 1.2 ng/dL). The ultrasound examination in January 2020 showed a colloid cyst on the right thyroid, measured 3.03 × 2.82 × 3.56 cm (TIRADS 1). Cytological examination showed the results of non-infectious cystic fluid. The patient underwent US-guided PEA using 7 ml of ethanol by the moving-shot technique. The procedure was well tolerated by the patient and no adverse events were noted. A week after the procedure, there was a visible and progressive reduction of the nodule with no complaint from the patient. A month after the procedure, the patient came back with no recurrences, complaints, or other complications.Conclusions: PEA for thyroid lesions is an effective and safe method. PEA should be the first option for the treatment of pure cystic and predominantly cystic nodules. PEA is a safe procedure that is easy to repeat and to be performed on an outpatient basis.

scholarly journals The Unusual Case of a Rapidly Enlarging Thyroid Gland in a Patient With Pendred Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A960-A960
Author(s):  
Neal Maler ◽  
Ellis R Levin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Pendred Syndrome ◽  
First Case ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Thyroid Lobe

Abstract Pendred syndrome is a genetic condition that is characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, abnormalities of the vestibular system, and goiter. In patients with Pendred syndrome, goiter tends to develop in late childhood or early adulthood and the literature details a progressive enlargement of goiter in these individuals. Here we report the case of a 26 year old female with Pendred syndrome and congenital deafness who presented with a rapidly enlarging thyroid gland over 1 week with associated symptoms of dysphagia, dyspnea, insomnia, and diaphoresis. Thyroid function tests at the time showed no abnormalities. Diagnostic thyroid ultrasound was performed and showed enlarged, multinodular goiter and bilateral thyroid nodules measuring 1.2 cm and 1.1 cm in the right and left thyroid lobe, respectively, with TI-RADS 2 classification. The patient had a thyroid core biopsy performed showing benign appearing thyroid follicles without any evidence of malignancy. After approximately one month following the initial presentation, the patient reported resolution of her goiter and associated symptoms without intervention. To our knowledge, this is the first case in the literature detailing a rapidly enlarging goiter in a patient with Pendred Syndrome, with subsequent resolution of signs and symptoms.

scholarly journals MON-468 Hypoechoic Nodule Is Not Always the Bad Guy: Lessons Learned from a Patient with Subacute Painful Thyroiditis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pakaworn Vorasart ◽  
Chutintorn Sriphrapradang
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hypoechoic Nodule ◽  
Painful Thyroiditis

Abstract Introduction: The diagnosis of subacute painful thyroiditis (SAT) is primarily based on clinical manifestations (thyroid tenderness and diffuse goiter). Suppressed TSH, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and low thyroid uptake help confirm the diagnosis. Thyroid ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are rarely necessitated. SAT produces a typical sonographic findings of ill-defined heterogeneously hypoechoic areas, which is difficult to differentiate from thyroid carcinoma. We herein report a patient with SAT who was initially diagnosed as malignancy. Case Presentation: A 36-year-old female had pain and swelling at the left thyroid gland for 3 weeks. A left thyroid nodule was diagnosed by her primary care physician. Ultrasonography revealed a poorly defined hypoechoic nodule measuring 2.5x1.1x1.5 cm at the mid pole of the left thyroid gland, for which biopsy was recommended. The nodule showed peripheral vascularity and no calcification. No suspicious cervical lymphadenopathy was detected. Histologic analysis from core biopsy found findings consistency with follicular neoplasm. Thyroid function tests were within normal range. She was treated with ibuprofen as management of thyroid pain and referred for surgery. However, the repeated ultrasonography was performed by endocrinologist in the next 2 weeks and found an interval reduction in size of hypoechoic lesion. FNAB was performed due to the risk of infiltrative malignancies. Cytologic analysis was compatible with SAT. ESR was slightly elevated. Surgery was cancelled and she was treated with ibuprofen. Two weeks later, she reported that the left thyroid pain and swelling had subsided. However, she developed thyroid pain associated with glandular tenderness and swelling of the right thyroid. On sonographic examination, the right lobe, which was previously normal was now similarly affected. Thyroid function showed thyrotoxicosis. The patient was given a further course of beta-blocker, ibuprofen and prednisolone for 2 weeks and recovered well. On follow-up at 2 months, the patient developed biochemical hypothyroidism and received levothyroxine replacement. The lesions in the thyroid gland were not visualized in the 6-month follow-up sonography. Conclusion: The ultrasonographic features of the thyroid during the acute stage of SAT may mimic thyroid carcinoma. Awareness of the sonographic findings and interval changes of SAT lesions may helpful for proper diagnosis and treatment of SAT.

A case of renal cell carcinoma with metastasis to the thyroid gland and concomitant early gastric cancer

Surgery Today ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saburo Murakami ◽  
Shigeru Yashuda ◽  
Takaya Nakamura ◽  
Yoshio Mishima ◽  
Hazuki Iida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Metastasis To The Thyroid

scholarly journals Colon cancer metastasis to the thyroid gland: A case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.I. Coelho ◽  
M.N. Albano ◽  
C.E. Costa Almeida ◽  
L.S. Reis ◽  
N. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Colon Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Metastasis To The Thyroid

scholarly journals Diagnostic tactics for thyroid nodules

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
L A Timofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Regional Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Ultrasound Investigation

Aim. To determine the optimal diagnostic tactics for nodules of the thyroid gland. Methods. Examined were 1124 patients with thyroid nodules in the age from 14 to 60 years and older, of whom 159 - with malignant tumors, 180 - with adenomas, 620 - with colloid nodes, 165 - with cysts. Among the surveyed group were 844 women and 280 men. The group of healthy individuals included 400 people. The material for cytology was obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (1004 studies), from smears from the cut surface of the tumor (76 studies) and from puncture biopsies of enlarged regional lymph nodes (44 studies). Results. During ultrasound investigation hypoechoic, heterogeneity, roughness and blurred contours, the presence of the internal structure of small echo-negative inclusions are characteristic for thyroid cancer. As the number of these features increases the likelihood of confirmation of a malignant tumor of the thyroid increases as well. The ultrasound picture of nodular colloid goiter is characterized by a single nodule or multiple nodules in the tissue of the thyroid gland of low or isoechoic density, sometimes with a limiting «rim». The presence of the latter feature causes difficulties in the differential diagnosis between nodular goiter and thyroid adenoma. Out of the 907 informative cases in 144 patients (15.8%) cancer was diagnosed cytologically. Conclusion. A complex diagnostic approach to the examination of thyroid nodules using fine-needle aspiration puncture biopsy of the nodules under the control of ultrasound and subsequent cytological investigation of the punctate provides valuable information on the nature of pathological changes of the thyroid gland.

scholarly journals DISTANT METASTASIS TO THE THYROID GLAND: CLINICAL REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (14) ◽  
pp. 105-113
Author(s):  
R. Tkachenko ◽  
O. Kuryk ◽  
A. Golovko ◽  
O. Rudnytska
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Primary Site ◽  
Primary Cancer ◽  
Autopsy Series ◽  
History Of ◽  
Metastasis To The Thyroid

Background. Metastasis to the thyroid from non-thyroid sites is an uncommon clinical presentation in oncology practice. Renal cell carcinoma is most common primary cancer, followed by breast cancer metastases, small cell lung carcinoma, colorectal cancer, malignant melanoma, malignancies of the gastrointestinal cancer. However, given that thyroid nodules are most common in women, and women with a history of urogenital malignancy are at higher risk of developing thyroid cancer, the possibility of metastatic thyroid cancer must be considered while evaluating a thyroid lump. Aim: to investigate patient management while finding distant metastases to the thyroid and identification of the most common complications. Material and methods. Identified reports of patients with thyroid metastasis were analyzed in the current literature review. Both clinical and autopsy series were included. Results. Metastases to the thyroid gland may be discovered at the time of diagnosis of the primary cancer, after preoperative investigation or due to histological examination of an operative specimen. In autopsy series, the most common primary site of metastatic thyroid tumors is lung cancer. In a clinical setting, renal cell carcinoma is the most common. Otherwise, when patients present with isolated metastases during follow-up of indolent disease, surgery might provide central neck control and even long-term cure. Prognosis may also vary according to the morphological features of primary cancer, time interval between initial diagnosis and metastasis and presence of extrathyroid invasion. Conclusions. Although the thyroid gland is highly vascularized, metastasis of malignant tumors to the thyroid is relatively rare and detection of metastasis shows a low frequency. A past history of malignant neoplasm should raise the index of suspicious of metastatic disease in patients with thyroid nodules with or without cervical lymphadenopathy. In such patients communication among clinicians treating the thyroid and the primary tumor is essential, as there are differences in treatment protocols and prognosis when compared to primary thyroid cancers. The setting is complex, and decisions must be made considering the localization of primary site, features of the primary tumor and comorbidities.  Careful balancing of these factors influences effective patient management and long-term survival.

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