scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Extradural Spinal Neoplasia in 60 Dogs and Seven Cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mylène Auger ◽  
Silke Hecht ◽  
Cary M. Springer
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Combined Features ◽  
Vertebral Shape

This retrospective study describes the MRI features of extradural spinal neoplasia in 60 dogs and seven cats to identify potential distinguishing features between tumor classes and individual tumor types within each class. In dogs, mesenchymal tumors were most common (48%), with undifferentiated sarcomas being the predominant tumor type. Round cell neoplasms were second most common (35%), with lymphoma and multiple myeloma/plasma cell tumor comprising the majority of cases. Only two benign tumors were identified. In cats, lymphoma was most common (5/7), with one case of mesenchymal neoplasia and one case of metastatic carcinoma. Despite some overlap, certain imaging features were able to help prioritize differential diagnoses. The combined features that predicted round cell neoplasia (84%) included the preservation of vertebral shape, homogeneous contrast enhancement, and lesion centering on bone. The combined features that predicted mesenchymal neoplasia (73%) included altered vertebral shape, heterogeneous contrast enhancement, and lesion centering on paraspinal soft tissues. Round cell neoplasms were more likely to have cortical sparing, preservation of overall shape, lesion centering on bone, small soft tissue tumor size, and homogeneous contrast enhancement. Both epithelial and mesenchymal neoplasms were more likely to have cortical lysis, a cavitary component to the soft tissue mass and medium to large soft tissue mass size. The findings of this study can aid in prioritizing differential diagnoses in cases of extradural spinal neoplasia in cats and dogs, which can impact case management, but tissue sampling remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis.

scholarly journals Tumors and pseudotumors of the soft tissues: Imaging semiology and strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Charlinne Paixao ◽  
Jean-Philippe Lustig ◽  
Sylvain Causeret ◽  
Loic Chaigneau ◽  
Alexis Danner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Adipocytic Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Certainty

The aims of this educational review are to learn the semiological basis of soft-tissue lesions and, with the help of diagnostic algorithms, to apply the current recommendations for the management of soft-tissue tumors. Pseudotumors must first be identified and excluded. Among primary tumors, the search for macroscopic fat content on MRI is decisive; since it restricts the diagnostic range to adipocytic tumors. Key imaging features of non-adipocytic tumors are highlighted. When a deep soft-tissue mass is found, therapeutic abstention or simple monitoring is only appropriate when there is diagnostic certainty: This is only the case for typical pseudotumors, typical benign tumors, and fat tumors without atypical criteria. In all other cases, histological evidence is required. If there is any suspicion of soft-tissue sarcoma or any undetermined lesion, the patient should be referred to a sarcoma referral center before biopsy.

Multicompartment Intramuscular Hemangioma of the Foot

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Yu ◽  
David Tran ◽  
Heather M. Newhard
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Intramuscular Hemangioma

Soft-tissue tumors in the foot include a range of benign and malignant pathologies. In the clinical setting, the list of differential diagnoses can be exhausting, and the treatment plan is not always straightforward. In this article, we present a case of a 22-year-old female with a soft-tissue mass on her plantar foot that has been slowly growing since adolescence and is now causing increased pain with ambulation. Her pathology results demonstrated an intramuscular hemangioma. Intramuscular hemangiomas are rare benign tumors that tend to present in youth or early adulthood. Diagnosis is often delayed for months to years, depending on the patient's symptoms. Treatment varies from conservative to surgical, depending on size, location, and proximity to vital structures. Literature on intramuscular hemangiomas is very limited. Intramuscular hemangiomas provide a diagnostic and treatment quandary for the clinician and must be considered in the differential diagnoses when presented with a soft-tissue mass.

Schwannoma of the Posterior Tibial Nerve

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Judd ◽  
Taunna Jones ◽  
Lauren Thornberry
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Tibial Nerve ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tarsal Tunnel ◽  
Posterior Tibial Nerve ◽  
Nerve Branch ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Posterior Tibial ◽  
Flexor Retinaculum

Background Schwannomas are rare, slow-growing, benign tumors consisting of Schwann cells. They may cause pressure along a bony structure, resulting in increased pain and discomfort. Less than 1% of schwannomas become malignant, and localization in the foot is uncommon (2%–3% of reported cases). Methods We present a case of a schwannoma of a branch of the posterior tibial nerve sheath. The goal is to assist in recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of schwannoma in the foot and ankle. This is a case of a 51-year-old male soccer player with a soft-tissue mass along the medial ankle at the tarsal tunnel area with an insidious onset (2 years). Physical examination revealed a 3.0 × 2.5-cm mass; magnetic resonance imaging confirmed location, size, and depth. Results Surgical resection of the soft-tissue mass was performed under general anesthesia. The mass was found to be superior to the flexor retinaculum and attached by a small nerve branch of the posterior tibial nerve that traveled through the flexor retinaculum. A tissue specimen was sent to the pathology laboratory, and a schwannoma was confirmed histologically. Conclusions Schwannomas can occur after trauma, especially if the posterior tibial nerve or its branches are affected intrinsically or extrinsically, leading to discomfort, pain, and numbness along the tarsal tunnel. Also, unique to this case, a schwannoma may occur along the small branches of the posterior tibial nerve and present anatomically superior to the flexor retinaculum.

Acral Fibrokeratoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyane E. Tower ◽  
Jeffrey R. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Pathologic Findings ◽  
Second Toe

Acral fibrokeratoma is a rare soft-tissue mass, more commonly found on the hands and rarely on the feet. This case report of a 40-year-old Hispanic man highlights an unusually located acral fibrokeratoma on the second toe, describes the clinical presentation and microscopic and pathologic findings, discusses differential diagnoses, and presents treatment options.

Small Blue Round Cell Tumor

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Marshall Devall ◽  
Katherine M. Frush ◽  
Lori Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Definitive Diagnosis ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Round Cell Tumors

Small blue round cell tumors of childhood rarely present in the foot or ankle. The following is a case presentation of an 18-year-old male with a large soft-tissue mass of the foot with associated lung metastasis. A definitive diagnosis could not be fully made, even with immunohistochemical and genetic testing. Diagnosis favored poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(4): 363–369, 2011)

scholarly journals Dedifferentiated chondrsarcoma: a clinicopathologic analysis of 25 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Cao ◽  
Yuan Wu ◽  
Shu-Man Han ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Bao-Hai Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Survival Duration ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Dedifferentiated Chondrosarcoma ◽  
Pathological Fractures ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
Local Pain

Abstract Background To investigate the clinical, imaging and pathological features of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma for better diagnosis. Methods Patients who had been confirmed to have dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma were enrolled in this study and analyzed in the clinical, imaging and pathological data. Results Twenty-five patients had pathologically confirmed dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma including 15 males and 10 females with an age range of 24–74 (median 58, interquartile range 49–65). Ten patients had the tumor at the femur, four at the ilium, two at the humerus, two at the tibia, two at cotyle, and one at each of the following locations: scapula, sacrum, rib, pubic branch, and calcaneus. Twenty-one patients had local pain and a soft tissue mass while the other four patients had only local pain without a soft tissue mass. Four patients had pathological fractures. Imaging showed extensive bone destruction with calcification inside the lesion and possible pathological fractures. On gross observation of the specimen, the chondrosarcoma components were usually located inside the bone, and the dedifferentiated sarcoma components were mainly located outside the bone. Microscopy showed the dedifferentiated tumor had two components: well-differentiated chondrosarcoma and poorly differentiated non-chondral sarcoma including malignant fibrous histiocytoma in eleven cases, osteosarcoma in ten cases, fibrosarcoma in two, liomyosarcoma in one, and lipoblastoma in the remaining one.. Followed up from 3 moths to 60 months (mean 15.6), eight patients died with a survival time of 10–23 months (mean 16), and the other 17 patients survived with the survival duration from three to 60 months (15). Conclusion Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma is a fatal disease with multiple components, and most of the cases have dual morphological and imaging features of chondrosarcoma and non-chondrosarcoma. The imaging presentations are primarily of common central chondrosarcoma, combined with cortical destruction, soft tissue mass, and pathological fractures.

Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia (Masson’s Tumor) of the Hand

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 128-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam M. Feintisch ◽  
Andrew A. Marano ◽  
Gregory L. Borah
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Masson’S Tumor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia

A nonspecific soft tissue mass of the hand can be difficult to diagnose due to the multitude of possible etiologies. In this case, we discuss our experience in diagnosing and treating intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia, or Masson’s tumor, of the hand. The wide range of differential diagnoses and the morphological resemblance to angiosarcoma make Masson’s tumor an important clinical entity to understand. The purpose of this study is to familiarize the reader with the appropriate diagnostic and treatment modalities that allow the clinician to recognize Masson’s tumor, differentiate it from similar clinical entities, and institute the appropriate management regimen.

Malignant Soft Tissue Masses

2019 ◽  
pp. 346-350
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Blount
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Mass ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Soft Tissue Masses ◽  
Malignant Soft Tissue

Chapter 66 discusses malignant soft tissue masses. Soft tissue malignancies are less common than those of benign origin but should be in the differential diagnosis for any soft tissue mass. Malignant soft tissue tumors have a wide range of clinical and imaging appearances, which can present a diagnostic challenge. If the imaging features of the soft tissue mass are not entirely characteristic for a benign diagnosis, biopsy should be performed. After initial radiographs, MRI is considered the best imaging modality to characterize malignant soft tissue lesions. Prompt diagnosis is critical because a diagnostic delay is associated with a worse clinical outcome.

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