scholarly journals Is Crop Residue Removal to Reduce N2O Emissions Driven by Quality or Quantity? A Field Study and Meta-Analysis

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Lisa Essich ◽  
Peteh Mehdi Nkebiwe ◽  
Moritz Schneider ◽  
Reiner Ruser
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
N2o Reduction ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Crop Residue Removal ◽  
N2o Fluxes

In order to quantify the reduction potential for nitrous oxide (N2O) release from arable soils through the removal of crop residues, we conducted an experiment after sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) harvest with three treatments: (i) ploughing of the crop residues (+CR:D), (ii) returning residues after ploughing on the surface (+CR:S), and (iii) removal of the residues and ploughing (−CR). N2O fluxes were measured over 120 days in south Germany. High positive correlations between N2O fluxes and the CO2 fluxes and soil nitrate contents suggested denitrification as the main N2O source. N2O emissions in +CR:D was higher than in +CR:S (2.39 versus 0.93 kg N2O−N ha−1 120 d−1 in +CR:D and +CR:S). Residue removal in −CR reduced the N2O emission compared to +CR:D by 95% and to +CR:S by 87%. We further conducted a meta-analysis on the effect of crop residue removal on N2O emissions, where we included 176 datasets from arable soils with mainly rain fed crops. The overall effect of residue removal showed a N2O reduction of 11%. The highest N2O reduction of 76% was calculated for the removal subgroup with C/N-ratio < 25. Neither the remaining C/N-ratio subgroups nor the grouping variables “tillage” or “residue quantity” differed within their subgroup.

Crop residue removal and nitrification inhibitor application as strategies to mitigate N2O emissions in sugarcane fields

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Carolino Gonzaga ◽  
João Luís Nunes Carvalho ◽  
Bruna Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽  
Johnny Rodrigues Soares ◽  
Heitor Cantarella
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Crop Residue Removal

Crop residue removal and soil erosion by wind

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 97A-104A ◽  
Author(s):  
Humberto Blanco-Canqui ◽  
Charles Wortmann
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Crop Residue Removal

scholarly journals Water Salinity Should Be Reduced for Irrigation to Minimize Its Risk of Increased Soil N2O Emissions

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Wei ◽  
Junzeng Xu ◽  
Linxian Liao ◽  
Yawei Li ◽  
Haiyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saline Water ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Salinity Level ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Nitrogen Inputs ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
N2o Fluxes ◽  
Moisture Dynamics ◽  
Irrigated Soils

To reveal the effect of irrigation salinity on soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, pot experiments were designed with three irrigation salinity levels (NaCl and CaCl2 of 1, 2.5 and 4 g/L equivalence, Ec = 3.6, 8.1 and 12.7 ds/m), either for 0 kg N/ha (N0) or 120 kg N/ha (N120) nitrogen inputs. N2O emissions from soils irrigated at different salinity levels varied in a similar pattern which was triggered by soil moisture dynamics. Yet, the magnitudes of pulse N2O fluxes were significantly varied, with the peak flux at 5 g/L irrigation salinity level being much higher than at 2 and 8 g/L. Compared to fresh water irrigated soils, cumulative N2O fluxes were reduced by 22.7% and 39.6% (N0), 29.1% and 39.2% (N120) for soils irrigated with 2 and 8 g/L saline water, while they were increased by 87.7% (N0) and 58.3% (N120) for soils irrigated with 5 g/L saline water. These results suggested that the effect degree of salinity on consumption and production of N2O might vary among irrigation salinity ranges. As such, desalinating brackish water to a low salinity level (such as 2 g/L) before it is used for irrigation might be helpful for solving water resources crises and mitigating soil N2O emissions.

scholarly journals Emission factors for estimating fertiliser-induced nitrous oxide emissions from clay soils in Australia’s irrigated cotton industry

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Grace ◽  
Iurii Shcherbak ◽  
Ben Macdonald ◽  
Clemens Scheer ◽  
David Rowlings
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventories ◽  
N Rates

As a significant user of nitrogen (N) fertilisers, the Australian cotton industry is a major source of soil-derived nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. A country-specific (Tier 2) fertiliser-induced emission factor (EF) can be used in national greenhouse gas inventories or in the development of N2O emissions offset methodologies provided the EFs are evidence based. A meta-analysis was performed using eight individual N2O emission studies from Australian cotton studies to estimate EFs. Annual N2O emissions from cotton grown on Vertosols ranged from 0.59kgNha–1 in a 0N control to 1.94kgNha–1 in a treatment receiving 270kgNha–1. Seasonal N2O estimates ranged from 0.51kgNha–1 in a 0N control to 10.64kgNha–1 in response to the addition of 320kgNha–1. A two-component (linear+exponential) statistical model, namely EF (%)=0.29+0.007(e0.037N – 1)/N, capped at 300kgNha–1 describes the N2O emissions from lower N rates better than an exponential model and aligns with an EF of 0.55% using a traditional linear regression model.

Sugarcane Green Harvest Effects on Arthropod Ground Predators and Lesser Cornstalk Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Damage

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-468
Author(s):  
Hardev Sandhu ◽  
Ron Cherry ◽  
Mubashar Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Ratoon Crop ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Arthropod Predators ◽  
Crop Residue Removal ◽  
Elasmopalpus Lignosellus ◽  
Sugarcane Yield ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Residue Levels

Abstract A field trial was conducted to determine the effects of harvest method (green cane harvest versus preharvest burning) and different crop residue removal treatments on the populations of ground-inhabiting arthropod predators and Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in the first ratoon crop. Neither preharvest burning nor percentage crop residue removal after green cane harvest had any significant effect on the numbers of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (F = 1.00; df = 4; P = 0.412) or spiders (Araneae) (F = 0.08; df = 4; P = 0.921) captured in pitfall traps. In contrast, crop residue levels remaining after green cane harvest significantly impacted E. lignosellus damage to the ratoon crop, with increased damage associated with lower levels of residue. Removal of ≥66% of the crop residue caused a significant (F = 132.68; df = 3; P &lt; 0.001) increase in E. lignosellus damage that would likely reduce sugarcane yield, while 33% of the residue could be removed without increasing damage. Overall, our data indicate that green cane harvesting will not affect arthropod ground predators but may reduce the risk of E. lignosellus damage.

Soil quality response to tillage and crop residue removal under subarctic conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Sparrow ◽  
Carol E. Lewis ◽  
Charles W. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Crop Residue Removal ◽  
Quality Response
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