Herbicide-Based Weed Management for Soybean Production in the Far Eastern Region of Russia

This study was conducted to establish a weed management system based on the sequential application of pre-emergence (PRE) and post-emergence (POST) herbicides for soybean production in Primorsky krai. Field experiments were conducted for two years in a field located in Bogatyrka, Primorsky krai, Russia (N43°49′, E131°36′). No herbicide application resulted in significant soybean yield loss, 0.03–0.3 t ha−1, which is more than 91.6% yield loss compared with that of the weed-free plot. The PRE application of acetochlor showed good weed control efficacy (greater than 90% weed control) with acceptable soybean safety (less than 10% soybean damage), while the other PRE herbicides performed poorly in terms of weed control. The POST application of bentazon + acifluorfen, bentazon, and imazamox at 30 days after soybean sowing (DAS) showed good weed control efficacy with good soybean safety. Neither the PRE nor POST application alone showed a sufficient soybean yield protection, resulting in much lower soybean yield than the weed-free plot. The sequential application of acetochlor (PRE), followed by either bentazon + acifluorfen (POST) at 30 DAS in 2012 or bentazon + imazamox (POST) at 60 DAS in 2013 showed the best performance in soybean yields, 1.7 t and 1.9 t ha−1, respectively, provided with 724.5 US$ and 1155.6 US$ ha−1 of economic returns. For alternative PRE herbicides of acetochlor, which is now banned, our tests of the sequential application of S-metolachlor with other POST herbicides and the sole application of other PRE herbicides revealed that S-metolachlor and clomazone could also be considered. Our results thus demonstrate that the sequential applications of PRE and POST herbicides should be incorporated into the weed management system for soybean production in Primorsky krai, Russia.

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The Critical Period for Weed Control (CPWC) in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha43210031 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 355-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dogan ISIK ◽

Adem AKCA ◽

Emine KAYA ALTOP ◽

Nihat TURSUN ◽

Husrev MENNAN

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Critical Period ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Control Period ◽

Relative Yield ◽

Yield Data ◽

Weed Interference

Accurate assessment of crop-weed control period is an essential part for planning an effective weed management for cropping systems. Field experiments were conducted during the seasonal growing periods of potato in 2012 and 2013 in Kayseri, Turkey to assess critical period for weed control (CPWC) in potato. A four parameter log-logistic model was used to assist in monitoring and analysing two sets of related, relative crop yield. Data was obtained during the periods of increased weed interference and as a comparison, during weed-free periods. In both years, the relative yield of potato decreased with a longer period of weed-interference whereas increased with increasing length of weed free period. In 2012, the CPWC ranged from 112 to 1014 GDD (Growing Degree Days) which corresponded to 8 to 66 days after crop emergence (DAE) and between 135-958 GDD (10 to 63 DAE) in the following year based on a 5% acceptable yield loss. Weed-free conditions needed to be established as early as the first week after crop emergence and maintained as late as ten weeks after crop emergence to avoid more than 5% yield loss in the potato. The results suggest that CPWC could well assist potato producers to significantly reduce the expense of their weed management programs as well as improving its efficacy.

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The Effects of Single- and Multiple-Weed Interference on Soybean Yield in the Far-Eastern Region of Russia

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/wsc.2016.25 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 371-380 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jong-Seok Song ◽

Jin-Won Kim ◽

Ji-Hoon Im ◽

Kyu-Jong Lee ◽

Byun-Woo Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Hyperbolic Model ◽

Parameter Estimates ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Weed Species ◽

Primorsky Krai ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Common Lambsquarters ◽

Weed Interference

Lack of understanding the effects of single- and multiple-weed interference on soybean yield has led to inadequate weed management in Primorsky Krai, resulting in much lower average yield than neighboring regions. A 2 yr field experiment was conducted in a soybean field located in Bogatyrka (43.82°N, 131.6°E), Primorsky Krai, Russia, in 2013 and 2014 to investigate the effects of single and multiple interference caused by naturally established weeds on soybean yield and to model these effects. Aboveground dry weight was negatively affected the most by weed interference, followed by number of pods and seeds. Soybean yield under single-weed interference was best demonstrated by a rectangular hyperbolic model, showing that common ragweed and barnyardgrass were the most competitive weed species, followed by annual sowthistle, American sloughgrass, and common lambsquarters. In the case of multiple-weed interference, soybean yield loss was accurately described by a multivariate rectangular hyperbolic model, with total density equivalent as the independent variable. Parameter estimates indicated that weed-free soybean yields were similar in 2013 and 2014, i.e., estimated as 1.72 t and 1.75 t ha−1, respectively, and competitiveness of each weed species was not significantly different between the two years. Economic thresholds for single-weed interference were 0.74, 0.66, 1.15, 1.23, and 1.45 plants m−2for common ragweed, barnyardgrass, annual sowthistle, American sloughgrass, and common lambsquarters, respectively. The economic threshold for multiple-weed interference was 0.70 density equivalent m−2. These results, including the model, thus can be applied to a decision support system for weed management in soybean cultivation under single and multiple-weed interference in Primorsky Krai and its neighboring regions of Russia.

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Effects of Preplant and Postplant Rotary Hoe Use on Weed Control, Soybean Pod Position, and Soybean Yield

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-08-132.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 290-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

George T. Place ◽

S. Chris Reberg-Horton ◽

Michael G. Burton

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Southeastern United States ◽

Soybean Plant ◽

Plant Populations ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Soybean Production ◽

Soybean Canopy ◽

Mechanical Weed Control

Demand for organic food products has consistently increased for more than 20 yr. The largest obstacle to organic soybean production in the southeastern United States is weed management. Current organic soybean production relies on mechanical weed control, including multiple postplant rotary hoe uses. Although postplant rotary hoe use is effective at the weed germination stage, its efficacy is severely compromised by delays due to weather. Preplant rotary hoeing is also a practice that has been utilized for weed control but the effectiveness of this practice to reduce the need for multiple postplant rotary hoeing for organic soybean production in the southeastern United States has not been investigated. Preplant rotary hoe treatments included a weekly rotary hoeing 4 wk before planting, 2 wk before planting, and none. Postplant rotary hoe treatments consisted of zero, one, two, three, and four postplant rotary hoe uses. Weed control was increased with preplant rotary hoeing at Plymouth in 2006 and 2007 but this effect disappeared with the first postplant rotary hoeing. Multiple postplant rotary hoe uses decreased soybean plant populations, decreased soybean canopy height, lowered soybean pod position, and decreased soybean yield. Plant mapping revealed that the percentage of total nodes and pods below 30 cm was increased by increased frequency of postplant rotary hoe use.

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Tank Mix of Saflufenacil with Glyphosate and Pendimethalin for Broad-spectrum Weed Control in Florida Citrus

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.21.5.606 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 606-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Megh Singh ◽

Mayank Malik ◽

Analiza H.M. Ramirez ◽

Amit J. Jhala

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Management Program ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Citrus Production ◽

Herbicide Mixture ◽

Florida Citrus ◽

Citrus Trees

Citrus (Citrus spp.) is one of the most important crops in Florida agriculture. Weed control is a major component in citrus production practices. If not controlled, weeds may compete with citrus trees for nutrients, water, and light and may also increase pest problems. Herbicides are an important component of integrated weed management program in citrus. Saflufenacil, a new herbicide registered for broadleaf weed control in citrus, can be applied alone or in a tank mix with other herbicides to improve weed control efficacy. A total of six field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to evaluate the efficacy of saflufenacil applied alone or in a tank mix with glyphosate and pendimethalin for weed control. In addition, experiments were also conducted to evaluate phytotoxicity of saflufenacil applied at different rates and time intervals in citrus. The results suggested that saflufenacil applied alone was usually effective for early season broadleaf weed control; however, weed control efficacy reduced beyond 30 days after treatment (DAT) compared with a tank mix of saflufenacil, glyphosate, and pendimethalin. For example, control of weeds was ≤70% when saflufenacil or glyphosate applied alone compared with tank mix treatments at 60 and 90 DAT. Addition of pendimethalin as a tank mix partner usually resulted in better residual weed control compared with a tank mix of saflufenacil and glyphosate, and this herbicide mixture was comparable with grower's adopted standard treatment of a tank mix of glyphosate, norflurazon, and diuron and several other tank mix treatments. Saflufenacil applied once in a season at different rates or even in sequential applications did not injure citrus trees when applied according to label directions. It is concluded that with its novel mode of action, saflufenacil tank mixed with glyphosate and pendimethalin would provide citrus growers with another chemical tool to control broadleaf and grass weeds.

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The effectiveness of flame weeding and cultivation on weed control, yield and yield components of organic soybean as influenced by manure application

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170515000216 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 288-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Strahinja Stepanovic ◽

Avishek Datta ◽

Brian Neilson ◽

Chris Bruening ◽

Charles Shapiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Yield Components ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Soybean Production ◽

Crop Injury ◽

Yield And Yield Components ◽

Soybean Plants

AbstractPropane flaming in combination with cultivation could be a potential alternative tool for weed control in organic soybean production. Field experiments were conducted at the Haskell Agricultural Laboratory of the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), Concord, NE in 2010, 2011 and 2012 to determine the level of weed control and the response of soybean grain yield and its components to flaming and cultivation within two fertility regimes (FRs) (with and without manure) utilizing flaming equipment developed at the UNL. The treatments included: weed-free control, weedy season-long and different combinations of banded flaming (intra-row), broadcast flaming and mechanical cultivation (inter-row). The treatments were applied at VC (unfolded cotyledon) and V4–V5 (4-leaf–5-leaf) growth stages. Propane doses were 20 and 45 kg ha−1 for the banded and broadcast flaming treatments, respectively. The data were collected for visual ratings of crop injury and weed control at 7 and 28 days after treatment (DAT) at V4–V5 growth stages, weed dry matter at 60 DAT, crop yield and yield components. The annual application of 101 t ha−1 manure did not alter weed community or influence the effectiveness of weed management treatment; however, it decreased soybean yield by 0.25 t ha−1 through an increased weed biomass of 0.16 t ha−1. The weed-free control plots yielded 4.15 t ha−1. The combination of mechanical cultivation and banded flaming applied twice (at VC and V4–V5) was the best treatment resulting in 80–82% weed control and 6–9% crop injury at 28 DAT and 3.41–3.67 t ha−1 yield. Cultivation conducted twice provided only 19% weed control at 28 DAT and 1.75 t ha−1 yield. Soybean plants recovered well after all flaming treatments, with the exception of broadcast flaming conducted twice (28% crop injury at 28 DAT). Combining flaming with cultivation has a potential to effectively control weeds in organic soybean production across a range of FRs.

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Interaction of Preventive, Cultural, and Direct Methods for Integrated Weed Management in Winter Wheat

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9090564 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 564 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alexander Menegat ◽

Anders T. S. Nilsson

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Wheat Seed ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Seed Rate ◽

Alopecurus Myosuroides ◽

Seedbed Preparation

Crop rotations dominated by winter annual crops and relying on the use of herbicides to control weeds have resulted in weed communities dominated by a few highly specialized species such as Alopecurus myosuroides. Integrated weed management (IWM) represents a sensible strategy to target such difficult weeds, through a combination of preventive, cultural, and direct means. In six field trials over three years, we tested the effect of stale seedbed preparation, winter wheat seed rate, and chemical weed control strategy on Alopecurus myosuroides control efficacy and variability in efficacy. The field experiments were carried out under reduced tillage practice and without pre-sowing use of glyphosate. Stale seedbed preparation alone reduced A. myosuroides infestation level by 25% on average. No clear effect was found of increasing winter wheat seed rate from 300 to 400 seeds m−2. A combination of stale seedbed preparation and herbicide treatment in autumn and spring was found to be synergistic, improving weed control efficacy significantly and moreover reducing the variability in control efficacy and hence the risk for weed control failure.

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Bio-efficacy of post emergence herbicides in boro rice nursery as well as main field and their residual effects on non-target microorganisms

ORYZA- An International Journal on Rice ◽

10.35709/ory.2020.57.3.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 199-210

Author(s):

Rajib Kundu ◽

Mousumi Mondal ◽

Sourav Garai ◽

Ramyajit Mondal ◽

Ratneswar Poddar

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Block Design ◽

Resistance Index ◽

Residual Effects ◽

Cost Ratio ◽

Main Field ◽

Weed Species ◽

Similar Treatment

Field experiments were conducted at research farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, India (22°97' N latitude and 88°44' E longitude, 9.75 m above mean sea level) under natural weed infestations in boro season rice (nursery bed as well as main field) during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the herbicidal effects on weed floras, yield, non-target soil organisms to optimize the herbicide use for sustainable rice-production. Seven weed control treatments including three doses of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC (150,200, and 250 ml ha-1), two doses of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC (500 and 625 ml ha-1), one weed free and weedy check were laid out in a randomized complete block design, replicated thrice. Among the tested herbicides, bispyribac-sodium with its highest dose (250 ml ha-1) resulted in maximum weed control efficiency, treatment efficiency index and crop resistance index irrespective of weed species and dates of observation in both nursery as well as main field. Similar treatment also revealed maximum grain yield (5.20 t ha-1), which was 38.38% higher than control, closely followed by Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (625 ml ha-1) had high efficacy against grasses, sedge and broadleaf weed flora. Maximum net return (Rs. 48765 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.72) were obtained from the treatment which received bispyribac-sodium @ 250 ml ha-1. Based on overall performance, the bispyribac-sodium (250 ml ha-1) may be considered as the best herbicide treatment for weed management in transplanted rice as well as nursery bed.

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Weed Management in Southeastern Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) with AC 263,222

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00045851 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 145-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

John S. Richburg ◽

John W. Wilcut ◽

Daniel L. Colvin ◽

Gerald R. Wiley

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Arachis Hypogaea ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Yellow Nutsedge ◽

Application Rates ◽

Ac 263,222

Field experiments conducted at four locations in Georgia and two locations in Florida during 1992 and 1993 evaluated AC 263,222 application rates and timings, systems, and mixtures for weed control, peanut injury, and yield. All rates of AC 263,222 applied early POST (EPOST) or POST controlledIpomoeamorningglories and smallflower morningglory at least 90%, and purple and yellow nutsedge at least 81%. Florida beggarweed and sicklepod control generally was highest when metolachlor was applied PPI followed by AC 263,222 applied EPOST at 71 g/ha, AC 263,222 at 27 or 36 g/ha plus bentazon plus paraquat applied POST, or with bentazon plus paraquat applied EPOST followed by AC 263,222 applied POST at 36 or 53 g/ha. Acifluorfen and acifluorfen plus bentazon reduced Florida beggarweed and sicklepod control at several locations when applied in mixture with AC 263,222. Common ragweed and hairy indigo control were 85 to 95% with bentazon plus paraquat applied EPOST followed by AC 263,222 applied POST at 36 or 53 g/ha. Highest peanut yields were obtained with treatments providing high levels of weed control.

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Spatial distribution, temporal stability, and yield loss estimates for annual grasses and common ragweed (Ambrosia artimisiifolia) in a corn/soybean production field over nine years

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-05-090r1.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 54 (02) ◽

pp. 380-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Sharon A. Clay ◽

Bruce Kreutner ◽

David E. Clay ◽

Cheryl Reese ◽

Jonathan Kleinjan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Weed Management ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Temporal Stability ◽

Grid Cell ◽

Specific Information ◽

Common Ragweed ◽

Soybean Production ◽

Time Space ◽

Annual Grasses

Weeds generally occur in patches in production fields. Are these patches spatially and temporally stable? Do management recommendations change on the basis of these data? The population density and location of annual grass weeds and common ragweed were examined in a 65-ha corn/soybean production field from 1995 to 2004. Yearly treatment recommendations were developed from field means, medians, and kriging grid cell densities, using the hyperbolic yield loss (YL) equation and published incremental YL values (I), maximum YL values (A), and YL limits of 5, 10, or 15%. Mean plant densities ranged from 12 to 131 annual grasses m−2and < 1 to 37 common ragweed m−2. Median weed densities ranged from 0 to 40 annual grasses m−2and were 0 for common ragweed. The grassIvalues used to estimate corn YL were 0.1 and 2% and treatment was recommended in only 1 yr when the highIvalue and either the mean or median density was used. The grassIvalues used for soybean were 0.7 and 10% and estimated YL was over 10% all years, regardless ofIvalue. The common ragweedIvalues were 4.5 and 6% for corn and 5.1 and 15.6% for soybean. On the basis of mean densities, fieldwide treatment would have been recommended in 6 of 9 yr but in no years when the median density was used. Recommendations on the basis of grid cell weed density and kriging ranged from > 80% of the field treated for grass weeds in 3 of 4 yr in soybean to < 20% of the field treated for common ragweed in 2002 and 2004 (corn). Grass patches were more stable in time, space, and density than common ragweed patches. Population densities and spatial distribution generally were variable enough so that site-specific information within this field would improve weed management decisions.

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Interference between hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) and soybean (Glycine max) in response to irrigation and nitrogen

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500092523 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 91-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

C. Andy King ◽

Larry C. Purcell

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Individual Species ◽

Weed Species ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Sesbania Exaltata ◽

Competition For Light ◽

Hemp Sesbania ◽

Chamber Studies ◽

Growth Chamber Studies

Soybean yield loss from weed interference depends upon weed density and competitiveness of crop and weed species in response to environment. Soil water availability and nitrogen fertility were evaluated for their effect on competitiveness of individual species in field experiments. Early-season temperatures in 1995, which were cool compared to 1994, slowed hemp sesbania growth without affecting soybean growth. This resulted in negligible competition with soybean by hemp sesbania at densities of 3 or 6 plants m−2. In 1994, hemp sesbania grew above the soybean canopy, decreasing soybean light interception 29 to 68%, and reducing soybean yield 30 to 48%. Fertilizer nitrogen increased soybean competitiveness, as indicated by biomass production, only in irrigated plots with hemp sesbania at 3 m−2, but did not affect soybean yield. Apparently, competition for light is a primary cause of soybean yield loss from hemp sesbania infestations. In growth chamber studies, simulating temperatures from the field, hemp sesbania growth was stimulated more by warm temperatures than was soybean. Hemp sesbania and soybean dry weights increased 4.4- and 2.7-fold, respectively, at 30/20 C day/night temperatures compared to 25/15 C.

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