scholarly journals High-Throughput Root Network System Analysis for Low Phosphorus Tolerance in Maize at Seedling Stage

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2230
Author(s):  
Md. Shalim Uddin ◽  
Md. Golam Azam ◽  
Masum Billah ◽  
Shamim Ara Bagum ◽  
Priya Lal Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Connected Components ◽  
Network System ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Low Phosphorus Tolerance

The root system is the important organ of a plant, helping to anchor the plant and take up nutrients from the soil. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the magnitude of the root network system (RNS) through phenotypic variability in a broad range of maize inbred lines. The GiA Root software was used to identify root attributes from images. After germination, the inbred lines were grown hydroponically for 15 days in a high-lux plant growth room with low phosphorus (LP) and normal phosphorus (NP) treatments. Variance analysis revealed a large range of variability present among the inbred lines, with intermediate to high heritabilities ranging from 0.59 to 0.95 for all RNS traits, demonstrating uniformity through the experiments. The proportions of genetic variance ranged from 0.01–0.60 in different maize RNS traits. A strong positive linear relationship between best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) with estimated means was found for all the RNS traits. The Euclidean genetic distances between the studied inbred lines ranged from 0.61 to 29.33, showing a higher amount of diversity. More than 79% of the overall genetic variation was explained by the first three principal components, with high loadings from the measurements of network length (NWL), network surface area (NWSA), network perimeter (NWP), network area (NWA), the maximum number of roots (MANR), median number of roots (MENR), network volume (NWV), network convex area (NWCA), specific root length (SRL), network depth (NWD), number of connected components (NCC), and network width (NWW). The biplot of genotype by trait interaction exposed superior genotypes with a relatively high expression of favorable trait combinations. Some outstanding genotypes with higher values of most RNS traits were identified through MGIDI analysis. These lines may be convenient for enhancing LP tolerance in maize.

Efficient production and characterization for maize inbred lines with low-phosphorus tolerance

Plant Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunpeng Li ◽  
Zhongping Xu ◽  
Kewei Zhang ◽  
Aifang Yang ◽  
Juren Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Low Phosphorus Tolerance

Genetic diversity analysis of the Greek lentil (Lens culinaris) landrace ‘Eglouvis’ using morphological and molecular markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios F. Tsanakas ◽  
Photini V. Mylona ◽  
Katerina Koura ◽  
Anthoula Gleridou ◽  
Alexios N. Polidoros
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Principal Coordinates

AbstractThe Greek lentil landrace ‘Eglouvis’ is cultivated continuously at the Lefkada island for more than 400 years. It has great taste, high nutritional value and high market price. In the present study, we used morphological and molecular markers to estimate genetic diversity within the landrace. Morphological analysis was based on characteristics of the seed. Molecular analysis was performed using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers in a high-resolution melting (HRM) approach. ‘Samos’ and ‘Demetra’, two of the most widely cultivated commercial lentil varieties in Greece, were used for comparisons. Morphological analysis was performed with 584 seeds randomly selected from a lot. Analysis of seed dimensions and colour distributed the samples in different categories and highlighted the phenotypic variability in ‘Eglouvis’ lentil seeds. Genetic variability was estimated from 91 individual DNA samples with 11 SSR markers using HRM analysis. Genotyping was based upon the shape of the melting curves and the difference plots; all polymerase chain reaction products were also run on agarose gels. Genetic distances of individuals and principal coordinates analysis suggested that ‘Eglouvis’ landrace has a unique genetic background that significantly differs from ‘Samos’ and ‘Demetra’ and no overlapping could be detected. Genetic variability within the ‘Eglouvis’ landrace can be considered in targeted breeding programs as a significant phytogenetic resource of lentils in Greece.

scholarly journals Estimating the importance of maize root hairs in low phosphorus conditions and under drought

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Klamer ◽  
Florian Vogel ◽  
Xuelian Li ◽  
Hinrich Bremer ◽  
Günter Neumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Hairs ◽  
Specific Root Length ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Short Root ◽  
P Deficiency ◽  
P Content ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
P Supply

Abstract Background and Aims Root hairs are single-cell extensions of the epidermis that face into the soil and increase the root–soil contact surface. Root hairs enlarge the rhizosphere radially and are very important for taking up water and sparingly soluble nutrients, such as the poorly soil-mobile phosphate. In order to quantify the importance of root hairs for maize, a mutant and the corresponding wild type were compared. Methods The rth2 maize mutant with very short root hairs was assayed for growth and phosphorus (P) acquisition in a slightly alkaline soil with low P and limited water supply in the absence of mycorrhization and with ample P supply. Key Results Root and shoot growth was additively impaired under P deficiency and drought. Internal P concentrations declined with reduced water and P supply, whereas micronutrients (iron, zinc) were little affected. The very short root hairs in rth2 did not affect internal P concentrations, but the P content of juvenile plants was halved under combined stress. The rth2 plants had more fine roots and increased specific root length, but P mobilization traits (root organic carbon and phosphatase exudation) differed little. Conclusions The results confirm the importance of root hairs for maize P uptake and content, but not for internal P concentrations. Furthermore, the performance of root hair mutants may be biased by secondary effects, such as altered root growth.

Combining Ability, Genetic Distances, and Heterosis among Elite CIMMYT and IITA Tropical Maize Inbred Lines

Crop Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1201-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanda Dhliwayo ◽  
Kevin Pixley ◽  
Abebe Menkir ◽  
Marilyn Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines

Evaluation of genetic distances between pepper inbred lines for cultivar protection purposes: comparison of AFLP, RAPD and phenotypic data

2001 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lefebvre ◽  
B. Goffinet ◽  
J. C. Chauvet ◽  
B. Caromel ◽  
P. Signoret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Phenotypic Data

scholarly journals Meta-analysis and candidate gene mining of low-phosphorus tolerance in maize

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Zhang ◽  
Mohammed Shalim Uddin ◽  
Cheng Zou ◽  
Chuanxiao Xie ◽  
Yunbi Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gene Mining ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Low Phosphorus Tolerance

scholarly journals SNP- Based Assessment of Genetic Purity and Diversity in Maize Hybrid Breeding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chimwemwe Josia ◽  
Kingstone Mashingaidze ◽  
Assefa B. Amelework ◽  
Aleck Kondwakwenda ◽  
Cousin Musvosvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Dh Lines ◽  
High Level

AbstractAssessment of genetic purity of inbred lines and their resultant F1 hybrids is an essential quality control check in maize hybrid breeding, variety release and seed production. In this study, genetic purity, parent-offspring relationship and diversity among the inbred lines were assessed using 92 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A total of 188 maize genotypes, comprising of 26 inbred lines, four doubled haploid (DH) lines and 158 single-cross maize hybrids were investigated in this study using Kompetitive Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (KASP) genotyping assays. The bi-allelic data was analyzed for genetic purity and diversity parameters using GenAlex software. The SNP markers were highly polymorphic and 90% had polymorphic information content (PIC) values of > 0.3. Pairwise genetic distances among the lines ranged from 0.05 to 0.56, indicating a high level of dissimilarity among the inbred lines. Maximum genetic distance of (0.56) was observed for CKDHL0089, CML443 and CB323, while the lowest (0.05) was between I-42 and I-40. The majority (67%) of the inbred lines studied were genetically pure with residual heterozygosity of <5%, while only 33% were had heterozygosity levels of >5%. Inbred lines, which were not pure, require purification through further inbreeding. Cluster analysis partitioned the lines into three distinct genetic clusters with the potential to contribute new beneficial alleles to the maize breeding program. Out of the 68 hybrids (43%) that passed the parent-offspring test, seven hybrids namely; SCHP29, SCHP95, SCHP94, SCHP134, SCHP44, SCHP114 and SCHP126, were selected as potential candidates for further evaluation and release due to their outstanding yield performance.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Kemiripan Genetik Koleksi Inbrida Jagung Berdasarkan Marka Mikrosatelit

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Bunga Pabendon ◽  
M. Dahlan ◽  
Sutrisno Sutrisno ◽  
M. L.C. George
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
Source Populations ◽  
Crop Germplasm

<p class="p1">Information on genetic relationships among available crop germplasm such as maize inbred lines, has important implications to breeding programs. A set of 26 maize inbreds togeher with six standard lines from CIMMYT (CML51, CML292, CML202, CML206, CML236, dan CML396), was characterized using 26 SSR markers, which were coverage of the maize genomes. The objective of this study was to analyze genetic diversities among the Indonesian maize inbred collections. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value and the observed genetic distance indicated the existence of large variabilities among the inbreds. Cluster analysis based on 27% of the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient placed the inbreds into three groups. Genetic distances among all the possible pairs without the standard maize lines varied from 0.32 (KSX360F2-5-1-3-1v vs KSX2601F2-5-1-1-v) to 0.88 (PT963298-1-B-B-Bv vs Mr13). Cluster and Principal Coordinate Analysis of the genetic distances, revealed a clear differentiation of the inbred lines into groups according to their source populations. This clustering were consistent with those of the known pedigree records of the inbreds based on their morphological characters. These results support the use of morphological traits in the production of maize hybrids. The SSR markers proved to be effective to characterize, identify, and demonstrate genetic similarities among the maize inbred lines.</p>

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