scholarly journals Pistil Biology of ‘WA 38’ Apple and Effect of Pollen Source on Pollen Tube Growth and Fruit Set

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Sara Serra ◽  
Stefan Roeder ◽  
Ryan Sheick ◽  
Stefano Musacchi
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Hormone Signaling ◽  
Apple Variety ◽  
Fruit And Seed Set ◽  
Fruitlet Abscission ◽  
Pollination And Fertilization

‘WA 38’ (‘Enterprise’ × ‘Honeycrisp’) is an apple variety that is characterized by a peculiar self-thinning trait in which most of the fruitlets naturally shed within the first 8 weeks after bloom, leaving some clusters empty, but most with 1–2 apples. This study aimed to investigate potential causes for the relatively low fruit set observed in ‘WA 38’ by investigating its flower biology. This study comprised three objectives: (1) To characterize the effective pollination period (EPP) of ‘WA 38’ by studying stigmatic receptivity, pollen tube growth, and ovule longevity in ‘WA 38’ flowers, (2) to compare the pollen tube growth of 5 fully compatible pollinizer varieties in ‘WA 38’ pistils, and (3) to evaluate fruit and seed set resulting from controlled pollinations with 5 fully compatible pollinizer varieties. The results showed ‘WA 38’ EPP was approximately 3.2 days in 2019 and 1.4 days in 2020, and that differences in pollen sources did not attribute significant differences in fertility in ‘WA 38’ flowers. The results of this study suggest mechanisms other than pollination and fertilization, such as competition among fruitlets within a cluster or hormone signaling, may have a stronger impact on ‘WA 38’ fruitlet abscission.

Factors limiting hybridization between Penstemon spectabilis and Penstemon centranthifolius

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 1439-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Chari ◽  
Paul Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Grain ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Natural Hybridization ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Pollen Grain Germination ◽  
Isolating Mechanisms

Speciation involves the formation of reproductive isolating mechanisms such as a difference in pollinators, incompatibility between pollen tubes and stylar tissue, hybrid seed abortion, or poor growth of hybrid seedlings. We studied reproductive isolating mechanisms in naturally sympatric populations of Penstemon spectabilis Thurber and Penstemon centranthifolius (Benth.) Benth. where F1 hybrids occurred at very low frequency. We compared conspecific crosses, backcrosses, and heterospecific crosses in terms of pollen grain germination, pollen tube growth, fruit set, seed set, and offspring performance. We found several postpollination barriers to hybridization. When P. spectabilis was the ovule parent, the lack of natural hybridization was partially explained by the presence of two isolating factors: reduced pollen tube growth and reduced seed set. When P. centranthifolius was the recipient, the barrier to hybridization was nearly 100% effective and occurred primarily at the stages of pollen grain germination and fruit set. The success of backcrossing was generally intermediate between conspecific and heterospecific crossing. For these two species, it is likely that partial pollinator specificity in addition to strong postpollination reproductive isolating mechanisms contribute to maintaining the species boundary.Key words: speciation, hybridization, introgression, Penstemon, reproductive isolating barriers.

The effects of pollinizers on pollen tube growth and fruit set of European plum (Prunus domestica L.) in a Nordic climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 ◽  
pp. 110390
Author(s):  
Radosav Cerović ◽  
Milica Fotirić Akšić ◽  
Milena Đorđević ◽  
Mekjell Meland
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Prunus Domestica

Influences of Cross Pollination on Pollen Tube Growth and Fruit Set in Zuili Plums (Prunus salicina)

2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Juan Jia ◽  
Feng-Jie He ◽  
Cai-Zhen Xiong ◽  
Fu-Rong Zhu ◽  
Goro Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Prunus Salicina

GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN CARDINAL TEMPERATURES FOR IN VITRO POLLEN GERMINATION AND POLLEN TUBE GROWTH OF COCONUT HYBRIDS

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. RANASINGHE ◽  
M. D. P. KUMARATHUNGE ◽  
K. G. S. KIRIWANDENIYA
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Cardinal Temperatures ◽  
Pollen Tube Length

SUMMARYSuccessful fruit set in coconut depends on several reproductive processes including pollen germination and pollen tube growth. High temperature (˃33 °C) during flowering reduces fruit set in coconut. Therefore, identification and development of coconut varieties or hybrids with high reproductive heat tolerance will benefit the coconut industry in view of the climate changes. This experiment was conducted to quantify the response of pollen germination and pollen tube growth of seven coconut hybrids to increasing temperature from 16 to 38 °C. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out to classify coconut hybrids on the basis of their temperature tolerances to pollen germination. Pollen germination and pollen tube length of the hybrids ranged from 56 to 78% and 242 to 772 µm, respectively. A modified bilinear model best described the response to temperature of pollen germination and pollen tube length. Cardinal temperatures (Tmin, Topt and Tmax) of pollen germination and pollen tube length varied among the seven hybrids. PCA identified Tmax for pollen germination and Topt for pollen tube length as the most important parameters in describing varietal tolerance to high temperature. PCA also identified SLGD × Sri Lanka Tall and Sri Lanka Brown Dwarf × Sri Lanka Tall as the most tolerant hybrids to high temperature stress and Sri Lanka Tall × Sri Lanka Tall and Sri Lanka Green Dwarf × San Ramon as less tolerant ones based on cardinal temperatures for pollen germination and pollen tube length. Tmax for pollen germination of the most tolerant and less tolerant hybrids were 41.9 and 39.5 °C, respectively. Topt for pollen tube length in the most tolerant and less tolerant hybrids were 29.5 and 26.0 °C, respectively.

scholarly journals Localised and non-localised promotion of fruit development by seeds in Arabidopsis

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Cox ◽  
Stephen M. Swain
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Pollen Tube Elongation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Silique Length

In Arabidopsis, as in the majority of flowering plants, developing seeds promote fruit growth. One method to investigate this interaction is to use plants with reduced seed set and determine the effect on fruit growth. Plants homozygous for a transgene designed to ectopically express a gene encoding a gibberellin-deactivating enzyme exhibit reduced pollen tube elongation, suggesting that the plant hormone gibberellin is required for this process. Reduced pollen tube growth causes reduced seed set and decreased silique (fruit) size, and this genotype is used to explore the relationship between seed set and fruit elongation. A detailed analysis of seed set in the transgenic line reveals that reduced pollen tube growth decreases the probability of each ovule being fertilised. This effect becomes progressively more severe as the distance between the stigma and the ovule increases, revealing the complex biology underlying seed fertilisation. In terms of seed-promoted fruit growth, major localised and minor non-localised components that contribute to final silique length can be identified. This result demonstrates that despite the relatively small size of the fruit and associated structures, Arabidopsis can be used as a model to investigate fundamental questions in fruit physiology.

scholarly journals Effect of pistil age on pollen tube growth, fruit development and seed set in Cucurbita pepo L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ettore Pacini ◽  
Massimo Nepi
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Transmitting Tissue ◽  
Stigma Receptivity ◽  
Different Parts

The effects of pistil age on pollen tube growth, fruit development and seed set were studied in <em>Cucurbita pepo</em> L., the flower of which opens for only six hours. Stigma receptivity lasts four days, from one day before until two days after anthesis. Style receptivity lasts three days, from the day before to the day after anthesis. Ovule receptivity lasts two days: the day of anthesis and the day before. The rate of pollen tube growth varies in different parts of the pistil and in relation to pistil age. In the stigmatic and stylar region, the tubes grow faster if pollination occurs the day before anthesis; in the ovary they grow faster when pollination occurs at anthesis. In the receptacle region, where the transmitting tissue is reduced, the growth rate decreases independently of the time of pollination. The fruits are larger and heavier with more seeds when pollination occurs at anthesis. There is a positive correlation between seed number and fruit weight when pollination occurred at anthesis and the day before.

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