scholarly journals The Harmfulness of Phoma Stem Canker, Sclerotinia Stem Rot, and Phytoplasma on Winter Oilseed Rape with Regard to Czech Breeding Programs

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Jana Poslušná ◽  
Eva Plachká ◽  
Jiří Horáček ◽  
Ivana Macháčková ◽  
Eliška Ondráčková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Severity Score ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Phoma Stem Canker

New genotypes of winter oilseed rape bred under the Czech breeding program were subjected to performance tests within the framework of inter-institutional pre-tests. At four monitored localities in the Czech Republic, field trials were carried out on 50 genotypes in the years 2015 to 2017. In these trials, evaluations were made on infestation by the fungal pathogens Leptosphaeria maculans, Leptosphaeria biglobosa, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, as well as the level of infestation caused by phytoplasmas. The evaluation of new oilseed rape genotypes confirmed a medium to high level of resistance to phoma stem canker and Sclerotinia stem rot compared to the resistant reference varieties. The most severe infestations caused by Leptosphaeria spp. were observed in Chlumec nad Cidlinou in 2015 (mean severity score 22.38%) and in Opava in 2016 (mean severity score 20.72%). The same trend was observed for infestations caused by S. sclerotiorum, where the most damage to trial plots were observed at the same localities, in 2015 in Chlumec nad Cidlinou (mean severity score 36.85%) and in 2016 in Opava (mean severity score 18.84%). PCR determination of Leptosphaeria spp. showed that 98% of sampled leaves in autumn season showing symptoms were infected by L. maculans, while the remaining 2% were identified as bearing L. biglobosa. Molecular detection of infected parts of oilseed rape plants with symptoms of phyllody confirmed in all cases the presence of phytoplasma isolates from the 16SrI Aster Yellows group.

scholarly journals Effect of sulfur fertilization on the sanitary state of plants of the family Brassicaceae

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz P. Kurowski ◽  
Barbara Majchrzak ◽  
Krzysztof Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Phoma Stem Canker ◽  
Surface Disinfection ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sulfur Fertilization ◽  
Sanitary State

The experiment was carried out in the years 2006-2008 in Bałcyny (N=53°35'49"; E=19°51'20"). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sulfur fertilization on the sanitary state of spring oilseed rape, winter oilseed rape, white mustard and Chinese mustard as well as on the species composition of fungi colonizing their seeds. Sulfur fertilization had a beneficial effect on the health of Brassicaceae plants infested by Alternaria blight, grey mould, Sclerotinia stem rot, Phoma stem canker and Verticillium wilt, but it had a varying effect on the occurrence of powdery mildew. <i>Alternaria alternata</i> and <i>Penicillium</i> spp. were isolated most frequently from Brassicaceae seeds. In general, more fungi (including pathogenic to Brassicaceae) were isolated from the seeds of plants grown in non-sulfur fertilized plots. Pathogens occurred primarily on the seed surface, and their number decreased after surface disinfection of seeds.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Rlm7 resistance against Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in UK winter oilseed rape cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1339-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Mitrousia ◽  
Y. J. Huang ◽  
A. Qi ◽  
S. N. M. Sidique ◽  
B. D. L. Fitt
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Phoma Stem Canker

Geographic variation in severity of phoma stem canker and Leptosphaeria maculans/ L. biglobosa populations on UK winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus)

2009 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna F. Stonard ◽  
Akinwunmi O. Latunde-Dada ◽  
Yong-Ju Huang ◽  
Jonathan S. West ◽  
Neal Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Phoma Stem Canker

scholarly journals North–South divide: contrasting impacts of climate change on crop yields in Scotland and England

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (42) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Butterworth ◽  
Mikhail A. Semenov ◽  
Andrew Barnes ◽  
Dominic Moran ◽  
Jonathan S. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Phoma Stem Canker ◽  
Climate Interactions ◽  
Crop Disease

Effects of climate change on productivity of agricultural crops in relation to diseases that attack them are difficult to predict because they are complex and nonlinear. To investigate these crop–disease–climate interactions, UKCIP02 scenarios predicting UK temperature and rainfall under high- and low-CO 2 emission scenarios for the 2020s and 2050s were combined with a crop-simulation model predicting yield of fungicide-treated winter oilseed rape and with a weather-based regression model predicting severity of phoma stem canker epidemics. The combination of climate scenarios and crop model predicted that climate change will increase yield of fungicide-treated oilseed rape crops in Scotland by up to 0.5 t ha −1 (15%). In contrast, in southern England the combination of climate scenarios, crop, disease and yield loss models predicted that climate change will increase yield losses from phoma stem canker epidemics to up to 50 per cent (1.5 t ha −1 ) and greatly decrease yield of untreated winter oilseed rape. The size of losses is predicted to be greater for winter oilseed rape cultivars that are susceptible than for those that are resistant to the phoma stem canker pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans . Such predictions illustrate the unexpected, contrasting impacts of aspects of climate change on crop–disease interactions in agricultural systems in different regions.

scholarly journals Colonization of winter oilseed rape tissues by A/Tox+ and B/Tox0 Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in France and England

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. West ◽  
M.-H. Balesdent ◽  
T. Rouxel ◽  
J. P. Narcy ◽  
Y.-J. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Winter Oilseed Rape ◽  
Phoma Stem Canker
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document