scholarly journals DNA Protection by an Aronia Juice-Based Food Supplement

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Tamara Bakuradze ◽  
Peter Meiser ◽  
Jens Galan ◽  
Elke Richling
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Dna Strand Breaks ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Dna Strand ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements ◽  
Preventive Effects

Background: This study investigated the effects of an aronia juice-based food supplement on background and total DNA strand breaks in whole blood, and on H2O2-induced DNA strand breaks in isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods: Ninety-one healthy volunteers were randomly selected to consume either the food supplement (2 × 25 mL drinking ampules, n = 45) or no supplement (n = 46) daily for eight weeks. Results: Background DNA strand breaks decreased significantly after four and eight weeks of supplement consumption, compared to baseline (p < 0.05), but the overall effect was low, and neither group showed a decrease in total DNA strand breaks. Conversely, supplement consumption clearly reduced H2O2-induced DNA strand breaks ex vivo (p < 0.001), with statistically significant reductions after four and eight weeks, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Thus, although consuming antioxidant supplements might produce only marginal immediate benefits under healthy conditions, potential preventive effects warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Analysis of DNA Damage Biomarkers in Human Leukocytes by PAHs Exposure

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
R. Uribe-Hernández ◽  
M. L. Vega-Barrita ◽  
E. Uribe-Vega ◽  
E. Ramón-Gallegos
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Dna Strand Breaks ◽  
Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Blank Group ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Human Leukocytes ◽  
Dna Strand

Aims: To study the potential genotoxicity of two polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), exposed cultured human leukocytes in vitro using two types of biomarkers genotoxicity: DNA strand breaks (DNA-SB) and adduct formation (DNA-PAHs). Study Design: Human leukocytes were exposed to toxic cultures with different concentrations of anthracene (ANT), phenanthrene (PHE) and benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) for 24 hours. Four toxic test groups, PAHs, control group, analytic blank group and standard fluorescence group were considered.   Place and Duration of Study: Laboratorio de Citopatología Ambiental, of Departamento de Morfología at Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, IPN; between february 2016 and july 2018. Methodology: Human leukocytes cells were isolated and cell viability was previously verified by Trypan dye exclusion test. Firstly, the lethal concentrations with neutral red (NR50) assay for each one PAHs was obtained. Then sublethal concentrations range of these toxics for both biomarkers were used. In case of DNA fragmentation, a fluorochrome was used to mark DNA strandbreaks and isolation with alkaline solution finally determined with fluorescence spectroscopy. To test the formation of DNA-PAHs adducts, first of all they were isolated with a solvent system with polarity gradient and finally determined with fluorescence spectroscopy. Results: PAHs with 3 aromatic rings showed lethal cytotoxicity, lower in case of the B(a)P with 5 aromatic rings. These results are in contrast with previously reported observations, in which non-adduct with DNA  and DNA strandbreaks formation were detected with Anthracene and Phenanthrene while DNA adduction formation and DNA strandbreaks were produced in case of B(a)P. Conclusion: Biomarkers may be used as suitable discriminants of genotoxic agents as well as of environmental pollutants with genotoxic potential and for application in studies of environmental risk assessment and in hazardous waste evaluation. The application of both genotoxic biomarkers, DNA strand breaks and production of adducts DNA-PAHs, as genotoxicity assays are quickly and accurate techniques for determining the carcinogenic potential of environmental samples.

scholarly journals Repair of DNA Strand Breaks by the Overlapping Functions of Lesion-Specific and Non-Lesion-Specific DNA 3′ Phosphatases

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 7191-7198 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Vance ◽  
Thomas E. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Oxidative Dna Damage ◽  
Synthetic Lethality ◽  
Dna Strand Breaks ◽  
Triple Mutant ◽  
Phosphatase Domain ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Alternative Pathways ◽  
Processing Enzymes ◽  
Dna Strand

ABSTRACT In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases Apn1 and Apn2 act as alternative pathways for the removal of various 3′-terminal blocking lesions from DNA strand breaks and in the repair of abasic sites, which both result from oxidative DNA damage. Here we demonstrate that Tpp1, a homologue of the 3′ phosphatase domain of polynucleotide kinase, is a third member of this group of redundant 3′ processing enzymes. Unlike Apn1 and Apn2, Tpp1 is specific for the removal of 3′ phosphates at strand breaks and does not possess more general 3′ phosphodiesterase, exonuclease, or AP endonuclease activities. Deletion ofTPP1 in an apn1 apn2 mutant background dramatically increased the sensitivity of the double mutant to DNA damage caused by H2O2 and bleomycin but not to damage caused by methyl methanesulfonate. The triple mutant was also deficient in the repair of 3′ phosphate lesions left by Tdp1-mediated cleavage of camptothecin-stabilized Top1-DNA covalent complexes. Finally, the tpp1 apn1 apn2 triple mutation displayed synthetic lethality in combination with rad52, possibly implicating postreplication repair in the removal of unrepaired 3′-terminal lesions resulting from endogenous damage. Taken together, these results demonstrate a clear role for the lesion-specific enzyme, Tpp1, in the repair of a subset of DNA strand breaks.

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