Experimental Study of Interference Effects of a High-Rise Building on the Snow Load on a Low-Rise Building with a Flat Roof

To explore the interference effects of a high-rise building on the snow load on a low-rise building with a flat roof, a series of wind tunnel tests were carried out with fine silica sand as a substitute for snow particles. The effects of the height of the interfering building and the distance between buildings on the snow distribution of the target building under three different wind directions were studied. The snow depth on the target building roof and the mass of particles blown off from the target building were measured during the wind tunnel tests, and the results showed that the snow distribution of the target building roof tends to be uniform when the interfering building is located upstream of the target building due to the shelter effect. When the interfering building is on the side of the target building, the snow distribution of the target building tends to be more uneven, because the interfering building increases the friction velocity on the target building roof near the interfering building. However, when the interfering building is located downstream of the target building, there will be an amplification effect of snow accumulation, and the snow distribution on the target building roof is nearly the same as that of the isolated condition. Under each wind direction, the interference effect of the snow load increases with the increase of the building height and the decrease of the building spacing. Therefore, the influence of the surrounding buildings on the snow distribution of the building roof cannot be ignored and should be considered in the structure design.

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Wind tunnel tests of aerodynamic interference of the high-rise building and its nearest city surroundings

Budownictwo i Architektura ◽

10.35784/bud-arch.2076 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 079-086

Author(s):

Grzegorz Bosak

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Building Design ◽

Wind Pressure ◽

Horizontal Wind ◽

Wind Tunnel Tests ◽

Wind Action ◽

Building Model ◽

High Rise ◽

High Rise Building ◽

Aerodynamic Interference

The paper summarizes the results of wind tunnel tests of the influence of aerodynamic interference on wind action of a high-rise building design in Warsaw. Measurements were accomplished in Wind Engineering Laboratory of Cracow University of Technology. Wind pressures on external surfaces of the building model were acquired in two different situations. Firstly, only the building model was placed in the tunnel working section, secondly, the building model with the nearest surroundings was taken under consideration. A study of the character of wind action differences caused by the nearest surroundings of the building was the main aim of the paper. Wind pressure coefficients on the external building surfaces and the difference of horizontal wind action on full scale were compared.

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Interference Effects on High-Rise Buildings – Overview of the Recent Research

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1057.105 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1057 ◽

pp. 105-112

Author(s):

Michal Franek ◽

Juraj Žilinský

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Wind Loads ◽

Building Structures ◽

Interference Effects ◽

Wind Tunnel Tests ◽

High Rise ◽

Real Objects ◽

Exposure Measurements

Wind loads on buildings are evaluated by using codes and standards. They are based on wind tunnel tests, which are performed on an isolated model in open exposure. Measurements by several researchers have shown that wind loads on real objects are considerably different than those on an isolated building. Structures around building decrease or increase the forces on building. This effect is termed interference. Interference includes geometry, layout and orientation of surrounding objects. Further aspects are direction of the wind and terrain conditions. For this reason it is necessary to evaluate interference before planning. The aim of the article is to overview the recent research, comparison between an isolated building and a group of buildings, to name the interference parameters and explain how they modify the forces on building. Also attempt to provide general recommendations for elementary models because this problem has large number of variations, especially for complicated models where it is necessary to evaluate the specific type of building. These recommendations should be used by designers and planners of the buildings.

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Research on Snow Load Characteristics on a Complex Long-Span Roof Based on Snow–Wind Tunnel Tests

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9204369 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (20) ◽

pp. 4369 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Guolong Zhang ◽

Qingwen Zhang ◽

Feng Fan ◽

Shizhao Shen

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Basic Characteristic ◽

Wind Tunnel Test ◽

Experimental System ◽

Similarity Criteria ◽

Wind Tunnel Tests ◽

Snow Load ◽

Long Span ◽

Characteristic Modes ◽

Snow Distribution

A considerable number of studies have been carried out for predicting snowdrifts on roofs over the years. However, few studies have focused on snowdrifts on complex long-span roofs, as the complex shape and fine structure pose significant challenges. In this study, to simplify the calculation requirements of snow load on such roofs, work was conducted to decompose the snowdrift on a complex roof into snowdrifts on several simple roofs. First, the snow–wind tunnel test similarity criteria were investigated based on a combined air–snow–wind experimental system. Thereafter, with reference to the validated experimental similarity criteria, a series of snow–wind tunnel tests were performed for snowdrifts on a complex long-span structure under the conditions of different inflow directions. Finally, based on empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, the snowdrifts on the complex roof were decomposed into basic characteristic distribution modes, including snowdrifts caused by the local and overall roof forms. The snow distribution under a specific inflow direction could be derived from the weighted combination of the basic characteristic modes, based on the wind direction coefficients. Therefore, it is possible for the snow load on a complex roof to be estimated preliminarily based on the snow distributions on several simple roofs.

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Wind tunnel tests of wind action on a high-rise building

Budownictwo i Architektura ◽

10.35784/bud-arch.1891 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 163-171

Author(s):

Grzegorz Bosak

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Building Design ◽

Wind Pressure ◽

Horizontal Wind ◽

Wind Tunnel Tests ◽

Wind Action ◽

High Rise ◽

High Rise Building ◽

University Of Technology ◽

Wind Pressures

The paper summarizes the results of wind tunnel tests of a wind action on a high-rise building design in Warsaw. Measurements were accomplished in Wind Engineering Laboratory of Cracow University of Technology. Wind pressures on external surfaces of the building model were acquired. A study of the character of the wind action on a tower of the building was the main aim of the paper. A triangle shape with rounded corners of the cross section of the tower and a complex group of neighbor buildings support aerodynamic analysis in a wind tunnel. Wind pressure coefficients on the external building surfaces and the global horizontal wind action on the building tower on full scale were analyzed.

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Wind interference effects of high-rise building on low-rise building with flat roof

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics ◽

10.1016/j.jweia.2018.10.019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 183 ◽

pp. 88-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bo Chen ◽

Luxi Shang ◽

Mengyi Qin ◽

Xinzhong Chen ◽

Qingshan Yang

Keyword(s):

Interference Effects ◽

High Rise ◽

High Rise Building ◽

Flat Roof

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WIND TUNNEL TESTS ON THE EFFECTS OF A HIGH-RISE BUILDING ON THE WIND PRESSURE OF SURROUNDING LOW-RISE HOUSES

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) ◽

10.3130/aija.60.23_2 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 60 (478) ◽

pp. 23-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ping HE ◽

Tadahisa KATAYAMA ◽

Tetsuo HAYASHI ◽

Jun-ichiro TSUTSUMI ◽

Masaru NISHIDA

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Wind Pressure ◽

Wind Tunnel Tests ◽

High Rise ◽

High Rise Building

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Wind Interference Effects from One High-Rise Building and Similar Low-Rise Flat-Roof Buildings

Journal of Structural Engineering ◽

10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 147 (9) ◽

pp. 04021138

Author(s):

Bo Chen ◽

Weihua Cheng ◽

Haoran Ma ◽

Qingshan Yang

Keyword(s):

Interference Effects ◽

High Rise ◽

High Rise Building ◽

Flat Roof

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Investigation of the Time Dependence of Wind-Induced Aeroelastic Response on a Scale Model of a High-Rise Building

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11083315 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 3315

Author(s):

Fabio Rizzo

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Time Dependence ◽

Wind Tunnel Test ◽

Structural Response ◽

Cumulative Distribution ◽

Scale Model ◽

Acquisition Time ◽

Test Results ◽

High Rise ◽

High Rise Building

Experimental wind tunnel test results are affected by acquisition times because extreme pressure peak statistics depend on the length of acquisition records. This is also true for dynamic tests on aeroelastic models where the structural response of the scale model is affected by aerodynamic damping and by random vortex shedding. This paper investigates the acquisition time dependence of linear transformation through singular value decomposition (SVD) and its correlation with floor accelerometric signals acquired during wind tunnel aeroelastic testing of a scale model high-rise building. Particular attention was given to the variability of eigenvectors, singular values and the correlation coefficient for two wind angles and thirteen different wind velocities. The cumulative distribution function of empirical magnitudes was fitted with numerical cumulative density function (CDF). Kolmogorov–Smirnov test results are also discussed.

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