scholarly journals Special Issue on “Machine Learning/Deep Learning in Medical Image Processing”

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11483
Author(s):  
Mizuho Nishio
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Medical Image Processing ◽  
Special Issue

Many recent studies on medical image processing have involved the use of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) [...]

Deep Learning Applications in Medical Imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-177
Author(s):  
Janani Viswanathan ◽  
N. Saranya ◽  
Abinaya Inbamani
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Medical Image Processing ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
Medical Sector

Deep learning (DL) and artificial intelligence (AI) are emerging tools in the healthcare sector for medical diagnostics. This chapter elaborates on general reasons for the popularity of computational techniques such as deep learning and machine learning (ML) applications in the medical image processing domain. The initial part of this chapter focuses on reviewing the fundamental concepts of DL algorithms, competence with machine learning, need in healthcare, applications, and challenges in medical image processing. Doing so allows understanding the reasons for the construction of all of them and offers a different view on various domains in the medical sector. The tools and technology required for DL, selection, implementation, optimization, and testing are discussed with respect to an application of cancer detection. Thus, this chapter gives an overall vision of deep learning concepts related to biomedical research.

scholarly journals A detailed survey on Prognostication of diabetes diagnosis on the basis of machine learning techniques and the detection approaches to diabetic retinopathy using Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 874-887
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Image Processing ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Medical Image Processing ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis

The aim of the study is to compare, assess the optimum tools as well as the techniques and advanced features focused on prediction of diabetes diagnosis based on machine learning tactics and diabetic retinopathy using Artificial Intelligence. The literature on data science, Artificial Intelligence (AI) contains important knowledge and understanding of AI entities such as Data science, machine learning, deep learning, Medical image processing, feature extraction, classification techniques, etc. Diabetes diagnosis is a phenomenon that impacts individuals around the globe. Now, with diabetes impacting people from children to the elderly, the out-dated approaches to diabetes diagnosis should be replaced with new, time-saving technologies. There's several studies carried out by researchers to recognise and predict diabetes. Here plenty of classifiers in machine learning can be used, such as KNN, Random Tree, etc.They can save time and get more precise outcome when using these techniques to predict diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a typical disorder of diabetic disease that induces vision-impacting lesions in the retina. It also can turn to visual impairment if it is not addressed early. DR therapy only helps vision. Deep learning has in recent times being one of the most widely used approaches that has accomplished higher outcomes in so many fields, especially in the analysing and identification of medical image classification. In medical image processing, convolutional neural networks (CNN) using transfer learning are commonly used as a deep learning approach and they are incredibly beneficial. Key words: Diab

scholarly journals Versatile Framework for Medical Image Processing and Analysis with Application to Automatic Bone Age Assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Zhao ◽  
Jungang Han ◽  
Yang Jia ◽  
Lianghui Fan ◽  
Fan Gou
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Medical Image Processing ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
Image Processing And Analysis ◽  
Learning Technique ◽  
Bone Age Assessment

Deep learning technique has made a tremendous impact on medical image processing and analysis. Typically, the procedure of medical image processing and analysis via deep learning technique includes image segmentation, image enhancement, and classification or regression. A challenge for supervised deep learning frequently mentioned is the lack of annotated training data. In this paper, we aim to address the problems of training transferred deep neural networks with limited amount of annotated data. We proposed a versatile framework for medical image processing and analysis via deep active learning technique. The framework includes (1) applying deep active learning approach to segment specific regions of interest (RoIs) from raw medical image by using annotated data as few as possible; (2) generative adversarial Network is employed to enhance contrast, sharpness, and brightness of segmented RoIs; (3) Paced Transfer Learning (PTL) strategy which means fine-tuning layers in deep neural networks from top to bottom step by step to perform medical image classification or regression tasks. In addition, in order to understand the necessity of deep-learning-based medical image processing tasks and provide clues for clinical usage, class active map (CAM) is employed in our framework to visualize the feature maps. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework, we apply our framework to the bone age assessment (BAA) task using RSNA dataset and achieve the state-of-the-art performance. Experimental results indicate that the proposed framework can be effectively applied to medical image analysis task.

Brain Tumor Segmentation Based on Region of Interest-Aided Localization and Segmentation U-Net

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shidong Li ◽  
Jianwei Liu ◽  
Zhanjie Song
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Medical Image Processing ◽  
Tumor Segmentation ◽  
Dice Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Brain Tumor Segmentation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has superior soft tissue contrast, contouring (brain) tumor accurately by MRI images is essential in medical image processing. Segmenting tumor accurately is immensely challenging, since tumor and normal tissues are often inextricably intertwined in the brain. It is also extremely time consuming manually. Late deep learning techniques start to show reasonable success in brain tumor segmentation automatically. The purpose of this study is to develop a new region-ofinterest-aided (ROI-aided) deep learning technique for automatic brain tumor MRI segmentation. The method consists of two major steps. Step one is to use a 2D network with U-Net architecture to localize the tumor ROI, which is to reduce the impact of normal tissue’s disturbance. Then a 3D U-Net is performed in step 2 for tumor segmentation within identified ROI. The proposed method is validated on MICCAI BraTS 2015 Challenge with 220 high Gliomas grade (HGG) and 54 low Gliomas grade (LGG) patients’ data. The Dice similarity coefficient and the Hausdorff distance between the manual tumor contour and that segmented by the proposed method are 0.876 ±0.068 and 3.594±1.347 mm, respectively. These numbers are indications that our proposed method is an effective ROI-aided deep learning strategy for brain MRI tumor segmentation, and a valid and useful tool in medical image processing.

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