Bone Regeneration by Dedifferentiated Fat Cells Using Composite Sponge of Alfa-Tricalcium Phosphate and Gelatin in a Rat Calvarial Defect Model

Mechanical and resorbable scaffolds are in high demand for stem cell-based regenerative medicine, to treat refractory bone defects in craniofacial abnormalities and injuries. Multipotent progenitor cells, such as dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells, are prospective sources for regenerative therapies. Herein, we aimed to demonstrate that a composite gelatin sponge (α-TCP/GS) of alfa-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) mixed with gelatin scaffolds (GS), with/without DFATs, induced bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model in vivo. α-TCP/GS was prepared by mixing α-TCP and 2% GS using vacuum-heated methods. α-TCP/GS samples with/without DFATs were transplanted into the model. After 4 weeks of implantation, the samples were subjected to micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) and histological analysis. α-TCP/GS possessed adequate mechanical strength; α-TCP did not convert to hydroxyapatite upon contact with water, as determined by X-ray diffraction. Moreover, stable α-TCP/GS was formed by electrostatic interactions, and verified based on the infrared peak shifts. μ-CT analyses showed that bone formation was higher in the α-TCP/GS+ DFAT group than in the α-TCP/GS group. Therefore, the implantation of α-TCP/GS comprising DFAT cells enhanced bone regeneration and vascularization, demonstrating the potential for healing critical-sized bone defects.

Download Full-text

Melatonin decorated 3D-printed beta-tricalcium phosphate scaffolds promoting bone regeneration in a rat calvarial defect model

Journal of Materials Chemistry B ◽

10.1039/c8tb03361g ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (20) ◽

pp. 3250-3259 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Yali Miao ◽

Yunhua Chen ◽

Xiao Liu ◽

Jingjing Diao ◽

Naru Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Regeneration ◽

Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

Calvarial Defect ◽

Defect Model ◽

Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽

3D Printed ◽

Rat Calvarial Defect

3D-printed β-TCP scaffolds decorated with melatonin via dopamine mussel-inspired chemistry enhance the osteogenesis and in vivo bone regeneration.

Download Full-text

Cathelicidin LL37 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation in vitro and Bone Regeneration in vivo

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.3389/fbioe.2021.638494 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Lunhao Li ◽

Yiyu Peng ◽

Qingyue Yuan ◽

Jing Sun ◽

Ai Zhuang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Regeneration ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Optimum Concentration ◽

Calvarial Defect ◽

Defect Model ◽

Calvarial Bone ◽

Rat Calvarial Defect

Different types of biomaterials have been used to repair the defect of bony orbit. However, exposure and infections are still critical risks in clinical application. Biomaterials with characteristics of osteogenesis and antibiosis are needed for bone regeneration. In this study, we aimed to characterize the antimicrobial effects of cathelicidin-LL37 and to assess any impacts on osteogenic activity. Furthermore, we attempted to demonstrate the feasibility of LL37 as a potential strategy in the reconstruction of clinical bone defects. Human adipose-derived mesenchyme stem cells (hADSCs) were cultured with different concentrations of LL37 and the optimum concentration for osteogenesis was selected for further in vitro studies. We then evaluated the antibiotic properties of LL37 at the optimum osteogenic concentration. Finally, we estimated the efficiency of a PSeD/hADSCs/LL37 combined scaffold on reconstructing bone defects in the rat calvarial defect model. The osteogenic ability on hADSCs in vitro was shown to be dependent on the concentration of LL37 and reached a peak at 4 μg/ml. The optimum concentration of LL37 showed good antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus anurans. The combination scaffold of PSeD/hADSCs/LL37 showed superior osteogenic properties compared to the PSeD/hADSCs, PSeD, and control groups scaffolds, indicating a strong bone reconstruction effect in the rat calvarial bone defect model. In Conclusion, LL37 was shown to promote osteogenic differentiation in vitro as well as antibacterial properties. The combination of PSeD/hADSCs/LL37 was advantageous in the rat calvarial defect reconstruction model, showing high potential in clinical bone regeneration.

Download Full-text