scholarly journals A Brief History of Cloud Application Architectures

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nane Kratzke
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Language Engineering ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
Cloud Applications

This paper presents a review of cloud application architectures and its evolution. It reports observations being made during a research project that tackled the problem to transfer cloud applications between different cloud infrastructures. As a side effect, we learned a lot about commonalities and differences from plenty of different cloud applications which might be of value for cloud software engineers and architects. Throughout the research project, we analyzed industrial cloud standards, performed systematic mapping studies of cloud-native application-related research papers, did action research activities in cloud engineering projects, modeled a cloud application reference model, and performed software and domain-specific language engineering activities. Two primary (and sometimes overlooked) trends can be identified. First, cloud computing and its related application architecture evolution can be seen as a steady process to optimize resource utilization in cloud computing. Second, these resource utilization improvements resulted over time in an architectural evolution of how cloud applications are being built and deployed. A shift from monolithic service-oriented architectures (SOA), via independently deployable microservices towards so-called serverless architectures, is observable. In particular, serverless architectures are more decentralized and distributed, and make more intentional use of separately provided services. In other words, a decentralizing trend in cloud application architectures is observable that emphasizes decentralized architectures known from former peer-to-peer based approaches. This is astonishing because, with the rise of cloud computing (and its centralized service provisioning concept), the research interest in peer-to-peer based approaches (and its decentralizing philosophy) decreased. However, this seems to change. Cloud computing could head into the future of more decentralized and more meshed services.

scholarly journals A Brief History of Cloud Application Architectures: From Deployment Monoliths via Microservices to Serverless Architectures and Possible Roads Ahead

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nane Kratzke
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Resource Utilization ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Language Engineering ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
Cloud Infrastructures ◽  
Cloud Applications

This paper presents a review of cloud application architectures and its evolution. It reports observations being made during the course of a research project that tackled the problem to transfer cloud applications between different cloud infrastructures. As a side effect we learned a lot about commonalities and differences from plenty of different cloud applications which might be of value for cloud software engineers and architects. Throughout the course of the research project we analyzed industrial cloud standards, performed systematic mapping studies of cloud-native application related research papers, performed action research activities in cloud engineering projects, modeled a cloud application reference model, and performed software and domain specific language engineering activities. Two major (and sometimes overlooked) trends can be identified. First, cloud computing and its related application architecture evolution can be seen as a steady process to optimize resource utilization in cloud computing. Second, this resource utilization improvements resulted over time in an architectural evolution how cloud applications are being build and deployed. A shift from monolithic servce-oriented architectures (SOA), via independently deployable microservices towards so called serverless architectures is observable. Especially serverless architectures are more decentralized and distributed, and make more intentional use of independently provided services. In other words, a decentralizing trend in cloud application architectures is observable that emphasizes decentralized architectures known from former peer-to-peer based approaches. That is astonishing because with the rise of cloud computing (and its centralized service provisioning concept) the research interest in peer-to-peer based approaches (and its decentralizing philosophy) decreased. But this seems to change. Cloud computing could head into future of more decentralized and more meshed services.

scholarly journals Cloud Computing Technologies Adoption in Higher Education Inistitutes During COVID-19 Pandemic: Case Study

passer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193
Author(s):  
Nigar Mahmoud Shafiq ◽  
Mohammed Y. Shakor
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Cloud Computing Environment ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Cloud Applications ◽  
Authorization Control

The global spread of Covid-19 has enhanced the adoption of virtual education and the use of technology in order to reduce the risk of contagion. Recently, the academics have turn out to be more technology-orientated and the educational establishments continue to seek opportunities in order to adopt an environment where all researchers could have access to high-quality scientific resources at anytime and anywhere in the world. Cloud computing is a model, which provides the users with services and application software on-demand, using the Internet. While the use of cloud computing applications is growing, there are ongoing research challenges related to guaranteeing security, privacy and the integration of the cloud applications. To the extent of our knowledge, the present study is the first from this type to thoroughly present the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on cloud computing environment in higher education institutions in Iraqi universities. This study will critically analysis the views of the faculty staff and researchers in Iraqi universities on cloud computing. It also tries to take a quick look at how Iraqi university staff responded to the epidemic in terms of research activities. The results shows that about 99% of the respondents considered the cloud applications to have great role in encouraging the research works in their institutes. Concerning the benefits of cloud services, the availability and saving cost were selected as most important factors that encouraging the adoption of cloud services. On the other hand, issues related to performance, lack of user control were selected as major problems in applying cloud services in Iraqi institutions Finally, it can be concluding that reducing the risks of the security, authorization, control and providing better performance of cloud services can enhance the use of cloud applications by researchers at Iraqi universities.

Causal Analysis of Software Development Attributes for Cloud Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-81
Author(s):  
Nitasha Hasteer ◽  
Abhay Bansal ◽  
B. K. Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
Cloud Applications

Cloud computing provides organizations the dynamic capability to deploy applications quickly on self-provision development platforms. In adopting a cloud-computing paradigm, the software development process leverages the use of cloud native features. This article highlights a cloud-based health insurance solution that enables consumers to purchase packages online with the objective of identifying attributes in the context of the development process while analyzing the association among the attributes. Exploratory factor analysis is used to identify the latent attributes. Their associations, in terms of causal relationship analysis, are investigated via DEMATEL. Results of factor analysis imply that agility, availability and adaptability are the underlying factors for cloud application development. The findings of the DEMATEL reveal that co-creative and collaborative development process, which embrace quick discovery and assembly of services in the cloud, are significant attributes that influence other attributes within the context of the cloud-based software development process.

Formally Modeling and Analyzing the Reliability of Cloud Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
pp. 273-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guisheng Fan ◽  
Huiqun Yu ◽  
Liqiong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Operational Semantics ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Service Reliability ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dynamic Factors ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
Cloud Applications

Cloud computing has become an important, useful paradigm for building applications with cloud services. However, cloud services exist in heterogeneous environments on the Internet. It is challenging to guarantee the reliability of cloud applications. Although there are efforts studying cloud and grid service reliability, very few have considered the modeling and analysis of the reliability of cloud applications. To address this emerging, important problem, we propose the first systematic approach that considers both cloud application elements and their running environment so as to faithfully model the dynamics of cloud computing. First, we present a formal description language to model the different components of a cloud application, and use it to analyze the static and dynamic factors affecting the reliability of cloud applications. Second, we propose reliability assurance strategies to ensure that cloud applications dynamically meet their required reliability. Third, Computation Tree Logic (CTL) is used to convert the reliability assurance strategy into the CTL formulas. We present operational semantics and related theories of Petri nets for establishing the correctness of our proposed method. Finally, a series of simulations are performed to evaluate the efficiency of our proposed approach.

scholarly journals Development of Mobile Cloud Applications using UML

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Kwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Unified Modeling Language ◽  
Modeling Language ◽  
Mobile Cloud ◽  
Unified Modeling ◽  
Uml Profiles ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
Tier System ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Cloud Applications

With the proliferation of cloud computing technologies, smartphone users are able to use a variety of cloud computing-based mobile services such as games, education, entertainment, and social networking. Despite the popularity of such a mobile cloud computing, the complicated multi-tier system configuration of the mobile application must be one of the major impediments to develop mobile cloud applications. This paper presents development processes and procedures for developing mobile cloud applications by effectively applying Unified Modeling Language (UML), a representative object-oriented modeling language. The paper is intended to enhance the development productivity of the mobile cloud application and to improve the effectiveness of communication between software developers. In addition, we used the Android mobile platform and Amazon Web Service for cloud computing in order to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach to systematically apply the UML profiles and diagrams for cloud-based mobile applications.

Towards Improving the Testability of Cloud Application Services

2015 ◽  
pp. 1915-1932
Author(s):  
Tariq M. King ◽  
Annaji S. Ganti ◽  
David Froslie
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
Power Storage ◽  
Controllability And Observability ◽  
Cloud Applications ◽  
Software Services

In cloud computing, applications are hosted, deployed, and delivered as services over the Internet. New cloud application services can be developed by tailoring existing ones, while hiding the complexity of the underlying implementation. Cloud applications may be able to adapt to changes in their environment, which should be secure and reliable. The infrastructure on which cloud applications are built is characterized by power, storage, and virtualization. But how does all of this affect the ability to adequately test cloud applications? This chapter investigates the testability of cloud application services. It focuses on the specific problem of reduced controllability and observability of software services hosted in the cloud, and proposes a novel solution referred to as Test Support as-a-Service (TSaaS). A prototype of TSaaS is also presented, and is used to discuss the feasibility, challenges, and benefits of the approach.

Towards Improving the Testability of Cloud Application Services

2012 ◽  
pp. 322-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq M. King ◽  
Annaji S. Ganti ◽  
David Froslie
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
Power Storage ◽  
Controllability And Observability ◽  
Cloud Applications ◽  
Software Services

In cloud computing, applications are hosted, deployed, and delivered as services over the Internet. New cloud application services can be developed by tailoring existing ones, while hiding the complexity of the underlying implementation. Cloud applications may be able to adapt to changes in their environment, which should be secure and reliable. The infrastructure on which cloud applications are built is characterized by power, storage, and virtualization. But how does all of this affect the ability to adequately test cloud applications? This chapter investigates the testability of cloud application services. It focuses on the specific problem of reduced controllability and observability of software services hosted in the cloud, and proposes a novel solution referred to as Test Support as-a-Service (TSaaS). A prototype of TSaaS is also presented, and is used to discuss the feasibility, challenges, and benefits of the approach.

The Research Project «Names of Modern Professions» in Extracurricular Work with 6-th Grade Russian Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
M. I. Vasileva
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the study was to investigate approaches to the formation of general educational skills. A survey examining the design and research process was carried out by 6th-grade Russian students over the course of an extracurricular project entitled «Names of Modern Professions». In the paper, the selection of the «Lexicology» section for such activities carried out by school pupils is substantiated and stages of work on the project are described. The applied methodology involves theoretical analysis of scientific literature, formative experimentation, analysis of products of educational activities, observation and description. It is concluded that the design of extracurricular research activities in the Russian language contributes to the formation of general educational competencies in conducting surveys and searching for information on the basis of subject skills.

Project and Research Activities of Students on the Russian Language (From Work Experience)

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
R. L. Smulakovskaya ◽  
E. M. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Work Experience ◽  
Project Manager ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Russian Language

The article discusses and summarizes the experience of project and research activities of students in the Russian language, presents the content and structure of each stage of the research project, determines the role of the project manager in getting significant and reflected results of the project research activities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document