scholarly journals The Impact of a New “Inverted Arch” Prosthetic Annuloplasty Ring on the Mitral Valve’s 3-D Motion: An Experimental Ex-Vivo Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Philippe Caimmi ◽  
Emmanouil Kapetanakis ◽  
Carla Beggino ◽  
Giovanni Vacca ◽  
Elena Grossini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Mitral Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

This experimental study aimed to evaluate the ex-vivo three-dimensional (3-D) motion of the Inverted Arch Ring (IAR), an innovative new design concept for a flexible incomplete annuloplasty prosthesis with an incorporated stabilizing rigid arch that can be used in correcting mitral valve regurgitation. Twenty explanted porcine hearts were placed in a circulation simulation system. Ultrasonometry transducers implanted in the mitral annulus were used to measure the 3-D valvular motion during a simulated cardiac cycle. Annular distance measurements were recorded and compared in each heart before and after the implantation of the IAR prosthesis at pressures corresponding to mid-systole and mid-diastole. Distances measured in mid-systole and mid-diastole demonstrated no significant differences in annular motion or in valve areas either prior to or after IAR implantation. Therefore, the results of this study confirm the minimal effects exerted by the IAR prosthesis on the mitral valve’s 3-D motion during a simulated cardiac cycle.

scholarly journals Acute Effect of Mitral Valve Repair on Mitral Valve Geometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (07) ◽  
pp. 516-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilo Noack ◽  
Kathleen Wittgen ◽  
Philipp Kiefer ◽  
Fabian Emrich ◽  
Matthias Raschpichler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
4D Imaging ◽  
Ring Annuloplasty ◽  
Before And After

Background The aim of this study was to quantify acute mitral valve (MV) geometry dynamic changes throughout the cardiac cycle using three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) in patients undergoing surgical MV repair (MVR) with ring annuloplasty and optional neochord implantation. Methods Twenty-nine patients (63 ± 10 years) with severe primary mitral regurgitation underwent surgical MVR using ring annuloplasty with or without neochord implantation. We recorded 3D TEE data throughout the cardiac cycle before and after MVR. Dynamic changes (4D) in the MV annulus geometry and anatomical MV orifice area (AMVOA) were measured using a novel semiautomated software (Auto Valve, Siemens Healthcare). Results MVR significantly reduces the anteroposterior diameter by up to 38% at end-systole (36.8–22.7 mm; p < 0.001) and the lateromedial diameter by up to 31% (42.7–30.3 mm; p < 0.001). Moreover, the annular circumference was reduced by up to 31% at end-systole (129.6–87.6 mm, p < 0.001), and the annular area was significantly decreased by up to 52% (12.8–5.7 cm2; p < 0.001). Finally, the AMVOA experienced the largest change, decreasing from 1.1 to 0.2 cm2 during systole (at midsystole; p < 0.001) and from 4.1 to 3.2 cm2 (p < 0.001) during diastole. Conclusions MVR reduces the annular dimension and the AMVOA, contributing to mitral competency, but the use of annuloplasty rings reduces annular contractility after the procedure. Surgeons can use 4D imaging technology to assess MV function dynamically, detecting the acute morphological changes of the mitral annulus and leaflets before and after the procedure.

Interactions between programmable shunt valves and magnetically controlled growing rods for scoliosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-670
Author(s):  
Thomas Larrew ◽  
Mohammed Alshareef ◽  
Robert F. Murphy ◽  
Ramin Eskandari ◽  
Libby Kosnik Infinger
Keyword(s):  
Remote Control ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Shunt Valve ◽  
Growing Rods ◽  
Growing Rod ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

OBJECTIVEAlthough the advent of magnetic growing rod technology for scoliosis has provided a means to bypass multiple hardware lengthening operations, it is important to be aware that many of these same patients have a codiagnosis of hydrocephalus with magnet-sensitive programmable ventricular shunts. As the magnetic distraction of scoliosis rods has not previously been described to affect the shunt valve setting, the authors conducted an investigation to characterize the interaction between the two devices.METHODSIn this ex vivo study, the authors carried out 360 encounters between four different shunt valve types at varying distances from the magnetic external remote control (ERC) used to distract the growing rods. Valve settings were examined before and after every interaction with the remote control to determine if there was a change in the setting.RESULTSThe Medtronic Strata and Codman Hakim valves were found to have setting changes at distances of 3 and 6 inches but not at 12 inches. The Aesculap proGAV and Codman Certas valves, typically described as MRI-resistant, did not have any setting changes due to the magnetic ERC regardless of distance.CONCLUSIONSAlthough it is not necessary to check a shunt valve after every magnetic distraction of scoliosis growing rods, if there is concern that the magnetic ERC may have been within 12 inches (30 cm) of a programmable ventricular shunt valve, the valve should be checked at the bedside with a programmer or with a skull radiograph along with postdistraction scoliosis radiographs.

scholarly journals Quantification of mitral-valve regurgitation in a paediatric population by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 697-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Decebal Gabriel Latcu ◽  
Soizic Paranon ◽  
Vanina Bongard ◽  
Rania Bassil-Eter ◽  
Juliette Grosjean-Guitton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mitral Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Dimensional Echocardiography ◽  
Three Dimensional Echocardiography

scholarly journals The Impact of Hysteroscopic Tissue Removal Systems on Histopathologic Analysis for Benign and Cancerous Endometrial Pathology: An Ex Vivo Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (S2) ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
Steven R. Lindheim ◽  
Kimberly Lincenberg ◽  
Michelle A. Wood ◽  
Emily Kemner ◽  
Megan K. Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Tissue Removal ◽  
Histopathologic Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ex Vivo Study ◽  
Endometrial Pathology

Evaluation of an overlapping pubic and ischiatic osteotomy for the improvement of acetabular ventroversion in dogs: an ex vivo study

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (06) ◽  
pp. 499-506
Author(s):  
James Roush ◽  
David Biller ◽  
Julie Gervais
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Surgical Equipment ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Pelvic Inlet ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Canine Hip Dysplasia ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

SummaryObjectives: To assess the potential of a new single-session surgical procedure, the overlapping pubic and ischiatic osteotomy (OPIO) for modification of bilateral hip conformation. We hypothesized that OPIO would be simple to perform with currently available surgical equipment, through a single surgical approach, with minimal potential morbidity, and that it would allow adequate simultaneous bilateral improvement of coxofemoral joint conformation in patients at risk of canine hip dysplasia.Methods: The OPIO procedure was performed in the pelves of five large breed canine cadavers. Computed tomography images of each cadaver were compared by measurement of the dorsal acetabular rim angle (DARA), acetabular angle (AA), dorso-ventral sacroiliac ratio (SR), and pubic inlet area before and after OPIO.Results: Coxofemoral joint conformation was improved after OPIO. Postoperative DARA was significantly decreased (mean: –5.09°) and AA was significantly increased (mean: 3.54°) after OPIO. The SR was not significantly different after OPIO, indicating minimal impact on the sacro-illiac joints by the procedure. Pubic inlet dimensions and area were significantly decreased after OPIO, but the overall effect on pelvic inlet area was clinically insignificant.Clinical significance: An OPIO allows some improvement of coxofemoral joint conformation in canine cadavers.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging Model of Mitral Valve Regurgitation: Design and Evaluation

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen H. Little ◽  
Stephen R. Igo ◽  
Marti McCulloch ◽  
Craig J. Hartley ◽  
Yukihiko Nosé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mitral Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Imaging Model

scholarly journals TCT-17 Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation Reduction Following Concomitant Subvalvular and Annulus-level Treatment – Ex-vivo Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (13) ◽  
pp. B8
Author(s):  
Michal Jaworek ◽  
Claudia Romagnoni ◽  
Omar Pappalardo ◽  
Matteo Selmi ◽  
Guido Gelpi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

scholarly journals Recognition accuracy of tumor extent using a prototype 3D endoscope for superficial gastric tumor: an ex vivo crossover study

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (06) ◽  
pp. E652-E658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Nomura ◽  
Mitsuru Kaise ◽  
Daisuke Kikuchi ◽  
Toshiro Iizuka ◽  
Yumiko Fukuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Skill Level ◽  
Gastric Tumor ◽  
3D Endoscope ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Tumor Extent ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

Abstract Background and study aims Many studies have shown the utility of rigid three-dimensional (3 D) endoscopes in surgery, but few have reported the utility of flexible 3 D endoscopes. This ex vivo study was intended to investigate whether a newly developed 3 D endoscope (GIF-Y0083; Olympus) improves diagnostic accuracy for superficial gastric tumor. Methods Twelve observers comprising experts, trainees, and novices (4 each) evaluated 2 D and 3 D images of 20 specimens resected by gastric ESD. Evaluation items were diagnostic accuracy of tumor extent and degree of confidence in assessing (a) tumor extent, (b) morphology, and (c) comprehensive recognition. The 2 D and 3 D endoscopy data were compared in a crossover analysis. Results Overall, diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher with 3 D images (88.1 %) than with 2 D images (84.2 %) (P < 0.01). Comparison by skill level showed that 3 D images significantly improved diagnostic accuracy among novices but not among experts or trainees. Comparison by morphology showed that diagnostic accuracy did not differ significantly for type IIa/IIb lesions but improved significantly for type IIc lesions among trainees and novices. Overall, 3 D images significantly increased the degree of confidence in the assessment of all three items (a – c). Comparison by skill level showed similar results, and comparison by morphology showed that regardless of skill level, the degree of confidence in assessing all items (a – c) increased significantly only when examining type IIc lesions. Conclusion Compared with 2 D images, 3 D images significantly improved both diagnostic accuracy of tumor extent and degree of confidence for diagnosing superficial gastric tumor. The utility of the 3 D endoscope was apparent among trainees and novices and for the diagnosis of type IIc lesions.

In Vivo Dynamic Strains of the Mitral Valve Annulus

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett Zubiate ◽  
Michael Sacks ◽  
Robert C. Gorman ◽  
Joseph H. Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Mitral Valve Leaflet ◽  
Valve Function ◽  
Integrated Operation

The mitral valve apparatus is a complex structure with multiple components that require seamless, integrated operation for normal valve function. One of these components is the annulus, a fibrous ring of tissue that defines the boundary between the mitral valve leaflets and the surrounding superstructure of the heart. During the cardiac cycle the annulus undergoes large deformations and dramatic shape changes. Moreover, the annulus motion represents a key boundary condition for mitral valve leaflet deformation. Yet, to date our knowledge of the subtle deformations this structure undergoes during the cardiac cycle remains very limited. In the present study, an array of 1 mm diameter piezoelectric sonocrystals was implanted in 5 sheep to quantify annular deformation over the complete cardiac cycle. These crystals act as fiducial markers for the mitral annulus with a temporal resolution of ∼1ms and a special resolution of .01mm in a calibrated three dimensional space. A quintic order generalized 3D spline was developed to reconstruct the annular geometry.

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