scholarly journals Recognition accuracy of tumor extent using a prototype 3D endoscope for superficial gastric tumor: an ex vivo crossover study

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (06) ◽  
pp. E652-E658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Nomura ◽  
Mitsuru Kaise ◽  
Daisuke Kikuchi ◽  
Toshiro Iizuka ◽  
Yumiko Fukuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Skill Level ◽  
Gastric Tumor ◽  
3D Endoscope ◽  
Crossover Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Tumor Extent ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

Abstract Background and study aims Many studies have shown the utility of rigid three-dimensional (3 D) endoscopes in surgery, but few have reported the utility of flexible 3 D endoscopes. This ex vivo study was intended to investigate whether a newly developed 3 D endoscope (GIF-Y0083; Olympus) improves diagnostic accuracy for superficial gastric tumor. Methods Twelve observers comprising experts, trainees, and novices (4 each) evaluated 2 D and 3 D images of 20 specimens resected by gastric ESD. Evaluation items were diagnostic accuracy of tumor extent and degree of confidence in assessing (a) tumor extent, (b) morphology, and (c) comprehensive recognition. The 2 D and 3 D endoscopy data were compared in a crossover analysis. Results Overall, diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher with 3 D images (88.1 %) than with 2 D images (84.2 %) (P < 0.01). Comparison by skill level showed that 3 D images significantly improved diagnostic accuracy among novices but not among experts or trainees. Comparison by morphology showed that diagnostic accuracy did not differ significantly for type IIa/IIb lesions but improved significantly for type IIc lesions among trainees and novices. Overall, 3 D images significantly increased the degree of confidence in the assessment of all three items (a – c). Comparison by skill level showed similar results, and comparison by morphology showed that regardless of skill level, the degree of confidence in assessing all items (a – c) increased significantly only when examining type IIc lesions. Conclusion Compared with 2 D images, 3 D images significantly improved both diagnostic accuracy of tumor extent and degree of confidence for diagnosing superficial gastric tumor. The utility of the 3 D endoscope was apparent among trainees and novices and for the diagnosis of type IIc lesions.

Tooth and root size as determined from 0.25- and 0.30-mm voxel size cone-beam CT imaging when contrasted to micro-CT scans (0.06 mm): An ex vivo study

2021 ◽  
pp. 146531252110661
Author(s):  
Gaston F Coutsiers Morell ◽  
Yuli Berlin-Broner ◽  
Carlos Flores-Mir ◽  
Giseon Heo
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Cone Beam Ct ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Voxel Size ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

Objective: To quantify tooth volume differences from extracted teeth when using three different three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT)-based imaging modalities. Design: Ex vivo study. Setting: Laboratory and clinics of the University of Alberta. Methods: Cone-beam CT (CBCT) of 12 extracted teeth were scanned using 0.25- and 0.30-mm voxel size from CBCT and a 0.06-mm voxel size from micro-CT (reference standard). 3D reconstructions for each tooth from each imaging modality were made through the software ITK-SNAP®. The mean volume differences between each pair of scanning modalities were calculated and then compared and analysed through a repeated measures ANOVA. Results: The average overestimations of the teeth volume were 15.2% for the high-resolution CBCT and 28.1% for the low-resolution CBCT compared to micro-CT measurements. The differences in absolute volume were 81.6 mm3 and 152.8 mm3, respectively. All differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Orthodontists and researchers who assess root resorption through CBCT imaging should be aware that the depicted volumes may likely be overestimating tooth volume and camouflaging real root volumetric treatment changes.

scholarly journals An organotypic slice model for ex vivo study of neural, immune, and microbial interactions of mouse intestine

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (4) ◽  
pp. G240-G248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke A. Schwerdtfeger ◽  
Elizabeth P. Ryan ◽  
Stuart A. Tobet
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Tissue Slices ◽  
Functional Investigation ◽  
Cells Of Cajal ◽  
Organotypic Tissue ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

Organotypic tissue slices provide seminatural, three-dimensional microenvironments for use in ex vivo study of specific organs and have advanced investigative capabilities compared with isolated cell cultures. Several characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract have made in vitro models for studying the intestine challenging, such as maintaining the intricate structure of microvilli, the intrinsic enteric nervous system, Peyer's patches, the microbiome, and the active contraction of gut muscles. In the present study, an organotypic intestinal slice model was developed that allows for functional investigation across regions of the intestine. Intestinal tissue slices were maintained ex vivo for several days in a physiologically relevant environment that preserved normal enterocyte structure, intact and proliferating crypt cells, submucosal organization, and muscle wall composure. Cell death was measured by a membrane-impermeable DNA binding indicator, ethidium homodimer, and less than 5% of cells were labeled in all regions of the villi and crypt epithelia at 24 h ex vivo. This tissue slice model demonstrated intact myenteric and submucosal neuronal plexuses and functional interstitial cells of Cajal to the extent that nonstimulated, segmental contractions occurred for up to 48 h ex vivo. To detect changes in physiological responses, slices were also assessed for segmental contractions in the presence and absence of antibiotic treatment, which resulted in slices with lesser or greater amounts of commensal bacteria, respectively. Segmental contractions were significantly greater in slices without antibiotics and increased native microbiota. This model renders mechanisms of neuroimmune-microbiome interactions in a complex gut environment available to direct observation and controlled perturbation.

scholarly journals The Impact of a New “Inverted Arch” Prosthetic Annuloplasty Ring on the Mitral Valve’s 3-D Motion: An Experimental Ex-Vivo Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Philippe Caimmi ◽  
Emmanouil Kapetanakis ◽  
Carla Beggino ◽  
Giovanni Vacca ◽  
Elena Grossini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mitral Annulus ◽  
Mitral Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Distance Measurements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

This experimental study aimed to evaluate the ex-vivo three-dimensional (3-D) motion of the Inverted Arch Ring (IAR), an innovative new design concept for a flexible incomplete annuloplasty prosthesis with an incorporated stabilizing rigid arch that can be used in correcting mitral valve regurgitation. Twenty explanted porcine hearts were placed in a circulation simulation system. Ultrasonometry transducers implanted in the mitral annulus were used to measure the 3-D valvular motion during a simulated cardiac cycle. Annular distance measurements were recorded and compared in each heart before and after the implantation of the IAR prosthesis at pressures corresponding to mid-systole and mid-diastole. Distances measured in mid-systole and mid-diastole demonstrated no significant differences in annular motion or in valve areas either prior to or after IAR implantation. Therefore, the results of this study confirm the minimal effects exerted by the IAR prosthesis on the mitral valve’s 3-D motion during a simulated cardiac cycle.

Operational effectiveness of three-dimensional flexible endoscopy: an ex vivo study using a new model

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 3612-3615
Author(s):  
Kosuke Nomura ◽  
Daisuke Kikuchi ◽  
Mitsuru Kaise ◽  
Toshiro Iizuka ◽  
Yorinari Ochiai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flexible Endoscopy ◽  
Operational Effectiveness ◽  
New Model ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Flexible Endoscopy Can Facilitate Efficient and Reliable Endoscopic Hand Suturing: An ex-vivo Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-338
Author(s):  
Jun Omori ◽  
Osamu Goto ◽  
Kazutoshi Higuchi ◽  
Takamitsu Umeda ◽  
Naohiko Akimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Flexible Endoscopy ◽  
Ex Vivo Study
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