scholarly journals Cerebellar Cortex and Cerebellar White Matter Volume in Normal Cognition, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134
Author(s):  
Nauris Zdanovskis ◽  
Ardis Platkājis ◽  
Andrejs Kostiks ◽  
Oļesja Grigorjeva ◽  
Guntis Karelis
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cerebellar Cortex ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
White Matter Volume ◽  
Cerebellar White Matter ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Gait Posture ◽  
Normal Cognition

The cerebellum is commonly viewed as a structure that is primarily responsible for the coordination of voluntary movement, gait, posture, and speech. Recent research has shown evidence that the cerebellum is also responsible for cognition. We analyzed 28 participants divided into three groups (9 with normal cognition, 9 with mild cognitive impairment, and 10 with moderate/severe cognitive impairment) based on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. We analyzed the cerebellar cortex and white matter volume and assessed differences between groups. Participants with normal cognition had higher average values in total cerebellar volume, cerebellar white matter volume, and cerebellar cortex volume in both hemispheres, but by performing the Kruskal–Wallis test, we did not find these values to be statistically significant.

White Matter Volume Predicts 1-Year Change in Mental Status in Probable Alzheimer's Disease but Not Mild Cognitive Impairment (P03.097)

Neurology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (Meeting Abstracts 1) ◽  
pp. P03.097-P03.097
Author(s):  
J. Becker ◽  
L. Teverovisky ◽  
H. Aizenstein ◽  
M. Butters ◽  
J. Price ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
White Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume

scholarly journals MRI Markers for Mild Cognitive Impairment: Comparisons between White Matter Integrity and Gray Matter Volume Measurements

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e66367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Norbert Schuff ◽  
Monica Camacho ◽  
Linda L. Chao ◽  
Thomas P. Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Measurements

scholarly journals Cerebellar white-matter changes in cannabis users with and without schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2349-2359 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Solowij ◽  
M. Yücel ◽  
C. Respondek ◽  
S. Whittle ◽  
E. Lindsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
White Matter Volume ◽  
Cerebellar White Matter ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Mri Scans

BackgroundThe cerebellum is rich in cannabinoid receptors and implicated in the neuropathology of schizophrenia. Long-term cannabis use is associated with functional and structural brain changes similar to those evident in schizophrenia, yet its impact on cerebellar structure has not been determined. We examined cerebellar grey and white matter in cannabis users with and without schizophrenia.MethodSeventeen patients with schizophrenia and 31 healthy controls were recruited; 48% of the healthy group and 47% of the patients were long-term heavy cannabis users (mean 19.7 and 17.9 years near daily use respectively). Cerebellar measures were extracted from structural 3-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans using semi-automated methods, and examined using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and correlational analyses.ResultsCerebellar white-matter volume was reduced in cannabis users with and without schizophrenia compared to healthy non-users, by 29.7% and 23.9% respectively, and by 17.7% in patients without cannabis use. Healthy cannabis users did not differ in white-matter volume from either of the schizophrenia groups. There were no group differences in cerebellar grey matter or total volumes. Total cerebellar volume decreased as a function of duration of cannabis use in the healthy users. Psychotic symptoms and illness duration correlated with cerebellar measures differentially between patients with and without cannabis use.ConclusionsLong-term heavy cannabis use in healthy individuals is associated with smaller cerebellar white-matter volume similar to that observed in schizophrenia. Reduced volumes were even more pronounced in patients with schizophrenia who use cannabis. Cannabis use may alter the course of brain maturational processes associated with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Incremental Validity of Montreal Cognitive Assessment Index Scores in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia C. Goldstein ◽  
Aaron Milloy ◽  
David W. Loring ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Normal Cognition

Background/Aims: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the incremental validity of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) index scores and the MoCA total score in differentiating individuals with normal cognition versus mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Effect sizes were calculated for Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative research participants with normal cognition (n = 295), MCI (n = 471), or AD (n = 150). Results: Effect sizes for the total score were large (> 0.80) and exceeded the index scores in differentiating those with MCI versus normal cognition, MCI versus AD, and AD versus normal cognition. A combined score incorporating the Memory, Executive, and Orientation indexes also improved incremental validity for all 3 group comparisons. Conclusion: Administration of the entire MoCA is more informative than the index scores, especially in distinguishing normal cognition versus MCI. A combined score has stronger incremental validity than the individual index scores.

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