scholarly journals Benefits of Implementing Eye-Movement Training in the Rehabilitation of Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Anis Hilal ◽  
Mazen Bazarah ◽  
Zoï Kapoula
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Movement Training ◽  
Central Vision Loss ◽  
Age Related

Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is one of the most debilitating eye-related illnesses worldwide. Eye-movement training is evolving to be a non-invasive, rapid, and effective method that is positively impacting vision and QoL (quality of life) in patients suffering from ARMD. This review aims to highlight why a greater adoption of eye-movement training in the clinical and research setting is of importance. A PubMed and ResearchGate search was performed for articles published between 1982 and 2020. Patients with advanced ARMD tend to experience a diminished QoL. Studies regarding eye-movement training for patients with central vision loss revealed overall significant improvements in reading speeds, fixation, and saccade performance. They also experienced less fatigue. In select studies, eye-movement training revealed an improvement in binocular vision, fixation, reading speed, and diminished reading exhaustion. The process of eye-movement training used in some of the studies was rather empirical. The latter requires standardization so that a uniform and applicable methodology can be adopted overall.

scholarly journals Autophagy: A new insight into pathogenesis and treatment possibilities in age-related macular degeneration

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kubicka-Trząska ◽  
Izabella Karska-Basta ◽  
Katarzyna Żuber-Łaskawiec
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Central Vision Loss ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a significant problem in healthcare, because it is a leading cause of central vision loss in individuals over 50 years old in well-developed countries. Pathogenesis of AMD is multifactorial and still not completely understood. Proven risk factors include the following: natural senescence of retina, oxidative stress, complement activation, chronic subretinal inflammatory reaction, genetic and environmental factors. Data on links between autophagy and AMD development are being raised. Autophagy is a cellular process involving the degradation of long-lived proteins and damaged fragments and components of cells; it is responsible for the maintenance of dynamic intracellular homeostasis and it enables cell survival under stress conditions. Disturbances of autophagy mechanisms, i.e. its activation or inhibition, may lead to the development of many various pathologies. Thus, autophagy plays a dual role, as a mechanism responsible for protecting or killing cells. The paper describes autophagy mechanisms and their role in the natural process of retinal cells senescence and presents the autophagy impairment as a crucial cause of AMD development. We also describe the impact of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy on retinal autophagy mechanisms and potential new therapeutic modalities for AMD based on autophagy modulation.

Impact of incident age-related macular degeneration and associated vision loss on vision-related quality of life

2021 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-318269
Author(s):  
Ryan Eyn Kidd Man ◽  
Alfred Tau Liang Gan ◽  
Eva K Fenwick ◽  
Kelvin Yi Chong Teo ◽  
Anna C S Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Quality

BackgroundWe examined the associations between the 6-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and vision-related quality of life (VRQoL), and the contribution of presenting visual acuity (VA), in an Asian population.MethodsFundus images from the Singapore Chinese Eye Study, a population-based cohort study (baseline: 2009–2011; follow-up: 2015–2017), were graded using a modified Wisconsin age-related maculopathy grading system. Incident AMD was defined as no baseline AMD in both eyes and early/late AMD in the worse eye at follow-up. Presenting VA was assessed using the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution chart at 4 m under standard lighting conditions with habitual correction. Multiple linear regression models determined the associations between AMD incidence with changes in the Rasch-transformed scores of the Reading, Mobility and Emotional VRQoL domains of the 32-item Impact of Visual Impairment (IVI-32) questionnaire, adjusted for traditional confounders. The contribution of presenting VA to changes in VRQoL was also estimated.ResultsOf the 2251 participants without AMD at baseline (mean age (SD): 57.7 (9) years, 51.4% women), 101 (4.5%) and 11 (0.5%) developed incident early and late AMD at follow-up, respectively. Incident late AMD was associated with significant 30.3%, 32.5% and 30.9% decrements in Reading, Mobility and Emotional IVI scores, respectively. The contribution of presenting VA ranged between 1.62% and 4.35% of the observed decrements. No significant associations were noted with incident early AMD.ConclusionIncident late AMD had a substantial impact on all aspects of VRQoL, with presenting VA contributing only minimally to this longitudinal relationship.

scholarly journals AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION – CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM AND PROPHYLAXIS METHODS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-772
Author(s):  
Tetiana M. Komarova ◽  
Oksana P. Vitovska ◽  
Julia I. Komisarenko ◽  
Vita M. Kohan
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Current State ◽  
Central Vision Loss ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Inappropriate Treatment ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Chronic Progressive Disease

The aim: Analyze the ophthalmic studies on diagnostics and treatment of patients with age-related macular degeneration to optimize diagnostics and management tactics. Materials and methods: The analysis of scientific papers due to age-related macular degeneration, vitamin D and its functions from scientometric databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science. The methods were next: systematic approach, analysis, summarization and comparison. Conclusions: Age-related macular degeneration is a chronic, progressive disease among people older than 50 years. Late diagnostics and inappropriate treatment may lead to irreversible central vision loss and social disadaptation. Modern studies on the pathogenesis and treatment of this pathology (that are due to the role of the immune system, antioxidants and microelements) demonstrate the effectiveness and prospects for further development around the world to find new ways to solve this problem.

The Experience of a Randomized Clinical Trial of Closed-Circuit Television versus Eccentric Viewing Training for People with Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Leat ◽  
Francie Fengqin Si ◽  
Deborah Gold ◽  
Dawn Pickering ◽  
Keith Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Reading Speed ◽  
Optical Devices ◽  
Reading Performance ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Eccentric Viewing ◽  
Age Related

Introduction In addition to optical devices, closed-circuit televisions (CCTVs) and eccentric viewing training are both recognized interventions to improve reading performance in individuals with vision loss secondary to age-related macular degeneration. Both are relatively expensive, however, either in the cost of the device or in the amount of time personnel need to provide training. In this randomized trial, we compared the effectiveness of these two interventions. Methods Participants with age-related macular degeneration and visual acuity between 6/48 (20/160) and 6/120 (20/400) first received basic low vision care, including optical devices. At the subsequent baseline visit, they undertook a battery of measures including logMAR visual acuity; reading speed and accuracy for text in 1.3M and 1M fonts; reading information on medicine bottles, utility bills, and food packages; the NEI-VFQ; the Geriatric Depression Scale; and a reading inventory questionnaire. They were then randomized to either obtaining a CCTV for home use or eccentric viewing training over the following six weeks. Results Recruitment was more difficult than expected for this population. Of 145 patients referred, 29 met the inclusion-exclusion criteria, 14 were willing to enroll, and 10 completed the trial. For the primary outcome (reading speed for 1.3M print), there was a significant improvement between baseline and outcome for the CCTV group (p = 0.005), but not for the eccentric viewing training group (p = 0.28), and the CCTV group showed significantly greater change (p = 0.04). There was a nonsignificant improvement in reading speed for 1M text and a decrease in the amount of time taken to read utility bill information in the CCTV group. There was a significant improvement in near visual acuity with current glasses with eccentric viewing training. The other measures did not reach statistical significance. Discussion Randomized clinical trials for low vision rehabilitation, particularly in the elderly population with vision loss, are challenging, but such trials are important for the allocation of resources. This trial showed early indications of more impact on reading performance from CCTV than eccentric viewing training.

scholarly journals Case Report: Resolution of submacular haemorrhage secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration after a single intravitreal dobesilate injection

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cuevas ◽  
Luis Antonio Outeiriño ◽  
Carlos Azanza ◽  
Javier Angulo ◽  
Guillermo Giménez-Gallego
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Subretinal Space ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Central Vision Loss ◽  
First Case ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Neurosensory Retina

Introduction: Submacular haemorrhage is not an unusual cause of acute central vision loss, particularly in older people. It may be caused by a number of conditions, most common of which is exudative age-related madular degeneration. In patients affected by this type of macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization extends into the subretinal space, producing substantial bleeding in approximately 17% of cases, resulting in large haemorrhages in the subretinal space that detach the neurosensory retina from the supporting retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) layer. This leads to substantial vision loss because of a relatively fast process of extensive photoreceptor atrophy in the overlying neuroretina and formation of macular scarsCase presentation: We describe a patient with submacular haemorrhage secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration, treated with intravitreal injection of dobesilate. Two months later, visual acuity in the treated eye reached 0.50 with a significant improvement of the distortion and an anatomical resolution of the haemorrhage, as confirmed by optical coherence tomography.Conclusions: Submacular haemorrhage secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration can be successfully treated with intravitreal dobesilate. To our knowledge, this is the first case reporting a resolution of submacular haemorrhage after a single dobesilate injection.

Eye-Movement Training for Reading in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 2886 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Seiple ◽  
Janet P. Szlyk ◽  
Timothy McMahon ◽  
Jose Pulido ◽  
Gerald A. Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Movement Training ◽  
Age Related
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