scholarly journals Solution of Bullet Proof Wooden Frame Construction Panel with a Built-In Air Duct

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Anatolijs Borodinecs ◽  
Aleksandrs Geikins ◽  
Elina Barone ◽  
Vladislavs Jacnevs ◽  
Aleksejs Prozuments
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Wooden Frame ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Personal Productivity ◽  
Frame Construction

The growing terrorism threats across the world play an important role in the design of civil buildings and living areas. The safety of personnel is a top priority in unclassified buildings, especially military buildings. However indoor air quality and thermal comfort has a direct impact on personal productivity and ability to concentrate on duties and affect the decision making in stress conditions. The use of wooden structures is becoming more common in the building construction, and application of wooden frame structures for the construction of new buildings as well as for retrofitting the existing buildings. Prefabricated wooded frame construction perfectly fits need of unclassified buildings, allowing significant reduction of construction time and integration of various active and passive elements, such as a fresh air supply duct. Within the scope of this paper a 12 mm thick ballistic panel made of aramid was tested. Ballistic panel, thermal conductivity, and fire resistance of wooded construction panel with embedded air duct were analyzed for the various modelled exterior wall solutions. The main advantage of the proposed technology is fast and qualitative modular construction of unclassified buildings, providing all modern requirements not only for safety, but also for the energy efficiency and indoor air quality. It was found that bullet proof aramid panels do not reduce overall fire safety in comparison to traditional construction materials. However embedded outdoor air supply ducts significantly reduces construction heat transfer coefficient.

A Health Performance Evaluation Model of Apartment Building Indoor Air Quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zheng ◽  
Donghoon Lee ◽  
Sungho Lee ◽  
Jeong Tai Kim ◽  
Sunkuk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Apartment Buildings

As illnesses attributable to deteriorating indoor air quality (IAQ) increase, people are becoming more aware of the health effects of IAQ because most people in Korea spend >80% of their time indoors. Notably, the IAQ of apartment buildings accounts for a massive share of the construction volume in Korea, which is a highly critical issue. Evaluation of health effects of IAQ would influence not only the statutory criteria for air quality improvement but could also contribute to the development of building design standards. In addition, such evaluation supports quantification efforts for the selection of wholesome construction materials and techniques. Evaluation of the health effects of IAQ is a complex exercise that would require comprehensive consideration of factors such as the concentrations and occurrences of various known, harmful indoor pollutants, ventilation performance in a building and temperature/humidity. Evaluation involves not only quantitative assessment of pollutants but also evaluation of IAQ based on human perception. The aim of this study was to develop a model to evaluate IAQ in quantitative terms based on health impact, but with an emphasis on apartment buildings.

Numerical Study on Indoor Air Quality of Commercial Kitchen in China

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1100-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Tan Hou ◽  
An Gui Li ◽  
Zhi Hua Wang ◽  
Yu Jiao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Air Change Rate

Indoor air quality of commercial kitchen is investigated and analyzed through velocity, temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration under different air change rate and supply air temperature. the best air change rate is 30 times per hour and air supply temperature is 301.15K for kitchen, the mean value of the minimum velocity and standard deviation is 0.410m/s and 0.129 respectively, the maximum of the average concentration of CO2 is 659.78ppm, which is less than the acceptance criteria (CO2<1000ppm), and the energy utilization coefficient is maximum of 1.352. Research results show that this air supply mode can optimize indoor air quality.

scholarly journals The use of modern technologies in carbon dioxide monitoring

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Petr Komínek ◽  
Jan Weyr ◽  
Jiří Hirš
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Indoor Environment ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Air Supply

Abstract Indoor environment has huge influence on person’s health and overall comfort. It is of great importance that we realize how essential indoor air quality is, considering we spend on average as much as 90% of our time indoors. There are many factors that affect indoor air quality: specifically, inside air temperature, relative humidity, and odors to name the most important factors. One of the key factors indicating indoor air quality is carbon dioxide (CO2) level. The CO2 levels, measured in prefab apartment buildings, indicates substantial indoor air quality issues. Therefore, a proper education of the occupants is of utmost importance. Also, great care should be directed towards technical and technological solutions that would ensure meeting the normative indoor environment criteria, especially indoor air CO2 levels. Thanks to the implementation of new emerging autonomous technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT), monitoring in real-time is enhanced. An area where IoT plays a major role is in the monitoring of indoor environment. IoT technology (e.g. smart meters and sensors) provide awareness of information about the quality of indoor environment. There is a huge potential for influencing behaviour of the users. Through the web application, it is possible to educate people and ensure fresh air supply.

scholarly journals Design of healthcare structures by green standards

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Alexey Danilov ◽  
Andrey Benuzh ◽  
Orlan Yeye ◽  
Steve Compaore ◽  
Nikita Rud
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Physical Setting ◽  
Google Search ◽  
Online Sources

Global warming is real, and the healthcare industry is both a contributor and a victim. Also, physical setting and, in particular, sustainable design practices can support patient recovery during hospitalization. In the context of this paper, focus areas for design of green healthcare structures have been explored in detail. Herein, we are laying focus on understanding architecturally justified approaches of interior lighting in a healthcare setting. This paper also discusses design strategies to improve indoor air quality in hospitals and the current international research to improve indoor air quality are reported. Other focus areas like greenhouse keeping, use of green interior materials and landscaping are discussed. Data for the review was extracted from published books and diverse online sources with the help of the Google search engine. It was found that healthcare structures, being resource intensive establishments, consume vast amounts of energy, water, and construction materials to provide high quality care. It was also found that healthcare institutions, by adopting sustainable measures are capable of reducing their environmental footprint to a bigger extent, boost the wellbeing of healthcare staff and aid patient recovery.

scholarly journals A Graphical Tool to Estimate the Air Change Efficiency in Rooms with Heat Recovery Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1031
Author(s):  
Alberto Meiss ◽  
Miguel Ángel Padilla-Marcos ◽  
Irene Poza-Casado ◽  
Antonio Álvaro-Tordesillas
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Graphical Tool ◽  
Perfect Mixing

Indoor air quality in buildings must be guaranteed for the health and comfort of the occupants. In order to assess the ventilation strategy of a considered room, the parameter of the air change efficiency ( ε a ) can be used. The objective of this work is to provide designers with a graphical tool for a reliable estimate of the value of ε a of a room. The temperature gradient between the outdoor air supply and the indoor air is so low that the ventilation flow can be assumed as isothermal when high-efficiency heat recovery systems are used. By means of charts, the optimal location of the openings for a better ε a can be determined during the design process, in order to subsequently apply them. It is concluded that it is very important to consider the ε a in the case of openings located in facing walls given that its range varies between 40% and 65%. In contrast, its use can be obviated in the case of openings located in non-facing walls, as the value of ε a obtained is close to 50%; this means a perfect mixing air flow pattern, which is the reference value for the estimation of the indoor air quality (IAQ) in the different national regulations.

Indoor air quality in an Antarctic Research Station: Fungi, particles and aldehyde concentrations associated with building materials and architectural design

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1322-1340
Author(s):  
Érica Coelho Pagel ◽  
Neyval Costa Reis ◽  
Cristina Engel de Alvarez ◽  
Jane Méri Santos ◽  
Sandra Paule Beghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Research Station

Antarctic buildings are enclosed structures, which provide shelter and logistic support to researchers and personnel who remain indoors for long periods and can be affected by air pollution caused by construction materials and activities inside buildings. This study aims to investigate the indoor air quality at the Brazilian Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station based on measurements of aldehydes, particulate matter and fungi conducted during the Antarctic summer in 2012. The sampling site was divided in conditioned (personnel living quarters) and unconditioned (service and utilities areas) compartments and outdoor sites. A field log book was used to record the activities in the station. Furniture and plywood coverings may have contributed to high average concentrations of formaldehyde. Cooking resulted in high average levels of acrolein and fine particles in most of the monitored environments. Other activities such as cleaning, use of personal and cosmetic products, waste incineration, building maintenance and movement of people and vehicles have also contributed to particles concentration increase. Dominance of the species Aspergillus versicolor and Penicillium sp. showed potential means of fungal proliferation. Considering that the functionality and operation are similar in many Antarctic buildings, some general recommendations were outlined.

scholarly journals Effect of wall construction materials over indoor air quality in humid and hot climate

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Modeste Kameni Nematchoua ◽  
René Tchinda ◽  
José A. Orosa ◽  
Wagner Augusto Andreasi
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Hot Climate ◽  
Wall Construction

scholarly journals Feasibility of a Passive Ventilation System with a Thermal Damper - Simulations and measurement results of an experimental house in a mild region of Japan -

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06047
Author(s):  
Motoya Hayashi ◽  
Hoon kim ◽  
Yoshinori Honma ◽  
Junichiro Matsunaga
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Ventilation Rates ◽  
Ventilation Systems

In order to retain good indoor air quality through the year in detached houses with passive ventilation systems, the authors investigated a mechanical control air-supply method. Firstly, indoor environments in houses with passive ventilation systems with thermal dampers, were examined using a simulation program (Fresh). Secondly, a passive ventilation system with a thermal damper, an under-floorheating system with a heat pump and were installed in an airtight house at Maebashi in Japan and measurements on its ventilation characteristics and indoor air quality were made. The simulation results showed that if the thermal damper is well tuned, this mechanically controlled air-supply opening keeps ventilation rates adequate through the year especially in airtight houses. The measurement results showed that the ventilation rates were kept above the required level through the year and the TVOC concentration decreases from 3000 to 200 μg/m3 in 5 months after the construction.

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