scholarly journals Advanced Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems and Their Cellular Evaluation for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treatment

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3539
Author(s):  
Noratiqah Mohtar ◽  
Thaigarajan Parumasivam ◽  
Amirah Mohd Gazzali ◽  
Chu Shan Tan ◽  
Mei Lan Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
The Body ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Different Types

Lung cancers, the number one cancer killer, can be broadly divided into small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with NSCLC being the most commonly diagnosed type. Anticancer agents for NSCLC suffer from various limitations that can be partly overcome by the application of nanomedicines. Nanoparticles is a branch within nanomedicine that can improve the delivery of anticancer drugs, whilst ensuring the stability and sufficient bioavailability following administration. There are many publications available in the literature exploring different types of nanoparticles from different materials. The effectiveness of a treatment option needs to be validated in suitable in vitro and/or in vivo models. This includes the developed nanoparticles, to prove their safety and efficacy. Many researchers have turned towards in vitro models that use normal cells or specific cells from diseased tissues. However, in cellular works, the physiological dynamics that is available in the body could not be mimicked entirely, and hence, there is still possible development of false positive or false negative results from the in vitro models. This article provides an overview of NSCLC, the different nanoparticles available to date, and in vitro evaluation of the nanoparticles. Different types of cells suitable for in vitro study and the important precautions to limit the development of false results are also extensively discussed.

scholarly journals Mimicking Tumor Hypoxia in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Employing Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Iwona Ziółkowska-Suchanek
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Hypoxia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Multicellular Tumor Spheroid

Hypoxia is the most common microenvironment feature of lung cancer tumors, which affects cancer progression, metastasis and metabolism. Oxygen induces both proteomic and genomic changes within tumor cells, which cause many alternations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review defines current knowledge in the field of tumor hypoxia in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including biology, biomarkers, in vitro and in vivo studies and also hypoxia imaging and detection. While classic two-dimensional (2D) in vitro research models reveal some hypoxia dependent manifestations, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models more accurately replicate the hypoxic TME. In this study, a systematic review of the current NSCLC 3D models that have been able to mimic the hypoxic TME is presented. The multicellular tumor spheroid, organoids, scaffolds, microfluidic devices and 3D bioprinting currently being utilized in NSCLC hypoxia studies are reviewed. Additionally, the utilization of 3D in vitro models for exploring biological and therapeutic parameters in the future is described.

scholarly journals Ganetespib (STA-9090), a Nongeldanamycin HSP90 Inhibitor, Has Potent Antitumor Activity in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 4973-4985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Shimamura ◽  
Samanthi A. Perera ◽  
Kevin P. Foley ◽  
Jim Sang ◽  
Scott J. Rodig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Hsp90 Inhibitor ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
In Vivo Models

Elevated circASCC3 Suppresses Antitumor Immunity by Sponging miR-432-5p to Upregulate C5a in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Gao ◽  
Ling-Xian Zhang ◽  
Yong-Qiang Ao ◽  
Chun Jin ◽  
Peng-Fei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Malignant Phenotype ◽  
In Vivo Models ◽  
Normal Tissues

Abstract Background: Tumor invasion and immune evasion are the main mechanisms underlying the progression of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition, abnormally expressed circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute to the malignant phenotype of NSCLC. Thus, further investigation of the mechanism of dysregulated circRNAs may provide new insight into the treatment of NSCLC.Methods: circRNA sequencing was used to explore the different expression profiles of circRNAs in 4 NSCLC tissues and paired normal tissues. Then, the expression of key circRNAs in NSCLC tissues and matched normal tissues was further evaluated via in situ hybridization and in cell lines using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Next, in vitro and in vivo models of NSCLC were employed to uncover the functions and mechanisms of key circRNAs in NSCLC progression and treatment.Results: circASCC3 (hsa_circ_0077495) was overexpressed in NSCLC tissues compared to paired normal tissues, and the upregulation of circASCC3 indicated a dismal prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Overexpressed circASCC3 enhanced the malignant phenotype of NSCLC cells in vitro and led to an immunosuppressive microenvironment in vivo. Mechanistically, circASCC3 sponged miR-432-5p to increase the expression of complement C5a, which induced the progression and dysfunctional immune status of NSCLC. Moreover, the combination of the C5aR inhibitor PMX-53 and anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody achieved synergistic effects in NSCLC models overexpressing circASCC3.Conclusion: These results uncover the contributions of circASCC3 to NSCLC progression and immunosuppression and provide a potential strategy for overcoming resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy.

Investigation of in vitro Activities of Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanoparticles in Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 102304
Author(s):  
Suleyman Gokhan Colak ◽  
Canan Vejselova Sezer ◽  
Ruken Esra Demirdogen ◽  
Mine Ince ◽  
Fatih Mehmet Emen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung

scholarly journals Elevating CDCA3 levels in non-small cell lung cancer enhances sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina Kildey ◽  
Neha S. Gandhi ◽  
Katherine B. Sahin ◽  
Esha T. Shah ◽  
Eric Boittier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Genome Instability ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Platinum Agents

AbstractPlatinum-based chemotherapy remains the cornerstone of treatment for most non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases either as maintenance therapy or in combination with immunotherapy. However, resistance remains a primary issue. Our findings point to the possibility of exploiting levels of cell division cycle associated protein-3 (CDCA3) to improve response of NSCLC tumours to therapy. We demonstrate that in patients and in vitro analyses, CDCA3 levels correlate with measures of genome instability and platinum sensitivity, whereby CDCA3high tumours are sensitive to cisplatin and carboplatin. In NSCLC, CDCA3 protein levels are regulated by the ubiquitin ligase APC/C and cofactor Cdh1. Here, we identified that the degradation of CDCA3 is modulated by activity of casein kinase 2 (CK2) which promotes an interaction between CDCA3 and Cdh1. Supporting this, pharmacological inhibition of CK2 with CX-4945 disrupts CDCA3 degradation, elevating CDCA3 levels and increasing sensitivity to platinum agents. We propose that combining CK2 inhibitors with platinum-based chemotherapy could enhance platinum efficacy in CDCA3low NSCLC tumours and benefit patients.

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