scholarly journals Interfacial Bonding and Mechanical Properties of Al/Mg Dissimilar Refill Friction Stir Spot Welds Using a Grooved Tool

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Zhikang Shen ◽  
Xinyu Liu ◽  
Dongxiao Li ◽  
Yuquan Ding ◽  
Wentao Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Welding Parameter ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Bonding Mechanism ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Lap Shear

Al/Mg dissimilar welds were successfully fabricated by refill friction stir spot welding using a grooved sleeve tool. Influences of sleeve penetration depth and rotational speed on the weld formation and mechanical performance were systematically evaluated in terms of welding parameter optimization, interfacial bonding mechanism, hardness distribution and welded joint strength. The results indicated that the success of joining Al alloy to Mg alloy significantly depends on tool sleeve penetration depth. The interfacial bonding mechanism compromised both metallurgical bonding and mechanical inter-locking. Intermetallic compound layers of Al3Mg2 and Al12Mg17 were formed at the Al/Mg interface. The thickness of the intermetallic compound (IMC) layer at the weld center increased from 20–30 μm to 40 μm when the rotational speed increased from 1000 to 2000 rpm. The minimum hardness was 80 HV in Al 7075 and 52 HV in ZEK 100; both were measured in the heat affected zone. The welded joint lap shear strength decreased, and the scatter increased with the increasing of rotation speed, whose maximum was 3.6 kN when the rotational speed was 1000 rpm. In addition, the failure mechanism was determined by tool rotational speed, and found to be interfacial failure under a rotational speed of 1000 rpm and nugget pullout under a rotational speed of 2000 rpm.

Modified friction stir clinching of dissimilar AA2024-T3 to AA7075-T6: Effect of tool rotational speed and penetration depth

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moslem Paidar ◽  
Sara Ghavamian ◽  
Olatunji Oladimeji Ojo ◽  
Ali Khorram ◽  
Amirhosein Shahbaz
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Tool Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir

Interfacial bonding mechanism in Al/coated steel dissimilar refill friction stir spot welds

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Shen ◽  
Y. Ding ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
B. Shalch Amirkhiz ◽  
J.Z. Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Bonding Mechanism ◽  
Coated Steel ◽  
Spot Welds ◽  
Friction Stir

scholarly journals Experimental and Analytical Studies of Fatigue Crack Growth in Peened after Skimmed Friction Stir Welded Joint of 2024-T351 Al Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 462-463 ◽  
pp. 1212-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amirreza Fahim Golestaneh ◽  
Aidy Ali ◽  
Mehdi Bayat
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Multiple Crack ◽  
Fracture Characteristics ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Crack Behavior ◽  
Drilling Technique ◽  
Replication Technique

The present work studies the crack behavior along the surface of the friction stir welded (FSW) joint of 2024-T351 aluminum alloy. The surface engineering of shot peening and skimming are used to enhance the fracture characteristics of the joint. Then multiple crack initiation is detected within FSW zones by scanning electron microscopy, while plastic replication technique is used to monitor the crack propagation. The variation of residual stress is measured (using hole drilling technique) as well as hardness characteristic (using standard method of Vicker) to study the fatigue life of the FSW by two models of Pearson and Nicholls, incorporating crack closure and stress relaxation.

scholarly journals Effect of Tool Geometry and Process Parameters on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Spot Welded 2024-T3 Aluminum Alloy Sheets

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Memduh Murtulmuş
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Tensile Shear ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
Friction Stir

Aluminum alloy Al 2024-T3 were successfully joined using friction stir spot jwelding joining (FSSW). Satisfactory joint strengths were obtained at different welding parameters (tool rotational speed, tool plunge depth, dwell time) and tool pin profile (straight cylindrical, triangular and tapered cylindrical). Resulting joints were welded with welded zone. The different tools significantly influenced the evolution on the stir zone in the welds. Lap-shear tests were carried out to find the weld strength. Weld cross section appearance observations were also done. The macrostructure shows that the welding parameters have a determinant effect on the weld strength (x: the nugget thickness, y: the thickness of the upper sheet and SZ: stir zone). The main fracture mode was pull out fracture modes in the tensile shear test of joints. The results of tensile shear tests showed that the tensile-shear load increased with increasing rotational speed in the shoulder penetration depth of 0.2 mm. Failure joints were obrerved in the weld high shoulder penetration depth and insufficient tool rotation.

Joint Characteristics of Spot Friction Stir Welded 5052 Al Alloy Sheet

2006 ◽  
Vol 15-17 ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Yong Lee ◽  
Won Bae Lee ◽  
Yun Mo Yeon ◽  
Keun Song ◽  
Jeong Hoon Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Mode ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Shear Load ◽  
Insertion Depth ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Joint Characteristics

The microstructure and mechanical properties of spot friction stir welded A 5052 alloy were investigated with insertion depth of welding tool. As the insertion depth of welding tool increased, the size of stirring zone increased and the thickness of upper sheet decreased. The value of shear load was the lowest at the shallowest insertion depth and increased to the highest value of 3.35 kN at a 1.6mm of insertion depth. An increase in the pin insertion depth beyond 1.6mm did not result in further increase in the lap shear load. Spot friction stir welded joints showed shear fracture mode at shallower insertion depths and fracture mode changed to plug fracture mode as the insertion depth was deeper.

Friction Stir Blind Riveting for Joining Dissimilar Cast Mg AM60 and Al Alloy Sheets

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junying Min ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Blair E. Carlson ◽  
Yongqiang Li ◽  
James F. Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loading Condition ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Strengthening Mechanism ◽  
Frictional Heat ◽  
Process Window ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Riveting Process

A new one-sided joining method, friction stirring blind riveting (FSBR) was successfully implemented to form lap-shear joints for dissimilar metals from pairs of 3.05 mm thick cast Mg AM60, rolled 1.5 mm thick Al AA6022, and extruded 3.15 mm thick Al AA6082 specimens. The concept of this process is riveting the two workpieces with reduced force under frictional heat and fastening the workpieces through blind riveting once the rivet is fully inserted. In this research, the process was experimentally analyzed and optimized for four joint combinations. It was demonstrated that switching the positions of Mg and Al alloy specimens has a significant effect on the process window and maximum tensile load of the joints. Three quality issues of the FSBR joints were observed and discussed. During tensile testing, the sheet closer to the rivet tail work-hardens due to tail forming process but has worse loading condition than the sheet closer to the rivet head. For AA6xxx sheets, precipitate hardening due to frictional heat is another strengthening mechanism in FSBR compared to the conventional riveting process, which leads to higher tensile loads in FSBR joints.

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