Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Detection of Prostate Cancer Bio-Marker PCA3 Using Specific Non-Labeled Aptamer: Comparison with Electrochemical Detection

The most common prostate cancer (PCa) diagnostics, which are based on detection of prostate-specific antigens (PSA) in blood, have specificity limitations often resulting in both false-positive and false-negative results; therefore, improvement in PCa diagnostics using more specific PCa biomarkers is of high importance. Studies have shown that the long noncoding RNA Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (lncPCA3) that is over-expressed in the urine of prostate cancer patients is an ideal biomarker for non-invasive early diagnostics of PCa. Geno-sensors based on aptamer bioreceptors (aptasensors) offer cost- and time-effective, and precise diagnostic tools for detecting PCa biomarkers. In this study, we report on further developments of RNA-based aptasensors exploiting optical (spectroscopic ellipsometry) measurements in comparison with electrochemical (CV and IS) measurements published earlier. These sensors were made by immobilization of thiolated CG-3 RNA aptamers on the surface of gold. Instead of a redox-labelled aptamer used previously in electrochemical measurements, a non-labelled aptamer was used here in a combination with total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE) measurements. The results obtained by these two methods were compared. The method of TIRE is potentially highly sensitive and comparable in that respect with electrochemical methods capable of detection of PCA3 in sub-pM levels of concentration. The required selectivity is provided by the high affinity of PCA3-to-aptamer binding with KD in the 10−9 M range. The spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements provided additional information on the processes of PCA3 to aptamer binding.

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Sensitivity of prostate cancer foci using 1.5 T multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging

10.21203/rs.3.rs-61567/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Suguru Ito ◽

SEI NAITO ◽

Takafumi Narisawa ◽

Mayu Yagi ◽

Yuta Kurota ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

False Negative ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Prostate Imaging ◽

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

Clinically Significant

Abstract Background The detection of prostate cancer (CaP) has increasingly being carried out by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Despite many previous studies, the sensitivity for clinically significant CaP (csCaP) was high, information on mpMRI false-negative lesions is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use and limitations of mpMRI in CaP. Methods A total of 228 CaP foci in 100 patients who underwent 1.5 T mpMRI and radical prostatectomy between December 2015 and June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The sensitivities of CaP foci, csCaP, and index tumors (ITs) were measured. Clinically significant CaP was defined into two categories based on the Gleason score (GS): csCaP/GS ≥ 3 + 4 (GS ≥ 3 + 4 or diameter > 10 mm) and csCaP/GS ≥ 4 + 3 (GS ≥ 4 + 3 or diameter > 10 mm). In addition, the characteristics of false-negative lesions were identified. The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 was used to determine an mpMRI positive lesion, defined as a lesion having a score of ≥ 3. Results The sensitivity of all legions, csCaP/GS ≥ 3 + 4, csCaP/GS ≥ 4 + 3, and ITs were 61.4%, 75.8%, 83.0%, and 91%, respectively. There were 91 lesions that were mpMRI false, 40% of which were csCaP/GS ≥ 3 + 4. There were three lesions with a GS of ≥ 8 and ≥ 10 mm in the false-negative results. Conclusions mpMRI can highly detect ITs and csCaP/GS ≥ 4 + 3; however, a few large and high-GS CaPs constitute undetectable lesions in 1.5 T mpMRI.

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The effect of information on prostate cancer screening decision process: a discrete choice experiment

10.21203/rs.2.17651/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maud Charvin ◽

Guy Launoy ◽

Célia Berchi

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Discrete Choice ◽

Choice Model ◽

Prostate Cancer Screening ◽

False Negative ◽

Informed Choice ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer screening is controversial because of uncertainty about its benefits and risks. The aim of this survey was to reveal preferences of men concerning prostate cancer screening and to test the effect of an informative video on these preferences. Methods: A stated preferences questionnaire was sent by e-mail to men aged 50-75 with no history of prostate cancer. Half of them were randomly assigned to view an informative video. A discrete choice model was established to reveal men’s preferences for six prostate cancer screening characteristics: mortality by prostate cancer, number of false positive and false negative results, number of overdiagnosis, out-of-pocket costs and recommended frequency. Results: 1024 men representative of the French general population filled in the entire questionnaire. Each attribute gave the expected sign except for overdiagnosis. The video seemed to increase the intention to abstain from prostate cancer screening. Conclusions: The participants attached greater importance to a decrease in the number of false negatives and a reduction in prostate cancer mortality than to other risks such as the number of false positives and overdiagnosis. Further research is needed to help men make an informed choice regarding screening.

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Prostate cancer diagnosis: an immunological aspects

Herald Urology ◽

10.21886/2308-6424-2018-6-4-42-48 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 42-48

Author(s):

S. V. Popov ◽

R. G. Guseinov ◽

I. N. Orlov ◽

V. V. Protoshchak ◽

O. N. Skryabin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

False Negative ◽

Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Prostate Adenocarcinoma ◽

Biopsy Material ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

Glandular Structures ◽

Histological Verification

Introduction.Contemporary diagnosis of prostate cancer is crucial to the patient’s further fate. Difficulties in the histological verification of the final diagnosis and false-negative results of biopsy research are often associated with the similarity of the prostate adenocarcinoma`s micromorphological picture and its benign lesions.Purpose of the study.Comprehending the possibilities of immunohistochemical identification of tumor cells and the basal epithelial layer of prostate glandular structures in prostate cancer suspected cases.Materials and methods.A biopsy material was taken from 134 patients. Prostate adenocarcinoma was verified by routine histological examination in 72 samples, in 62 samples there were no signs of malignant transformation. Subsequently, immunohistochemical analysis of biopsy specimens was performed using antibodies to α-methylacyl-CoA racemase, nuclear p63 protein and high-molecular cytokeratin.Results.The AMACR-positive reaction of malignant cells and a negative reaction of the basal epithelium to nuclear p63 protein antibodies and high-molecular cytokeratin were detected during prostate adenocarcinoma.Conclusion.If prostate cancer is suspected, immunohistochemical assays with monoclonal antibodies to AMACR, p63 and high-molecular cytokeratin greatly facilitate the detection of adenocarcinoma.

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The effect of information on prostate cancer screening decision process: A discrete choice experiment

10.21203/rs.2.17651/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maud Charvin ◽

Guy Launoy ◽

Célia Berchi

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Discrete Choice ◽

Choice Model ◽

Prostate Cancer Screening ◽

False Negative ◽

Informed Choice ◽

Population Based ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer screening is controversial because of uncertainty about its benefits and risks. The aim of this survey was to reveal preferences of men concerning prostate cancer screening and to test the effect of an informative video on these preferences. Methods: A stated preferences questionnaire was sent by e-mail to men aged 50-75 with no history of prostate cancer. Half of them were randomly assigned to view an informative video. A discrete choice model was established to reveal men’s preferences for six prostate cancer screening characteristics: mortality by prostate cancer, number of false positive and false negative results, number of overdiagnosis, out-of-pocket costs and recommended frequency. Results: A population-based sample composed by 1024 men representative of the French general population filled in the entire questionnaire. Each attribute gave the expected sign except for overdiagnosis. The video seemed to increase the intention to abstain from prostate cancer screening.Conclusions: The participants attached greater importance to a decrease in the number of false negatives and a reduction in prostate cancer mortality than to other risks such as the number of false positives and overdiagnosis. Further research is needed to help men make an informed choice regarding screening.

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Sensitivity of Prostate Cancer Foci using 1.5 T Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging

10.21203/rs.3.rs-70151/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Suguru Ito ◽

SEI NAITO ◽

Takafumi Narisawa ◽

Mayu Yagi ◽

Yuta Kurota ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

False Negative ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Prostate Imaging ◽

Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

Clinically Significant

Abstract Background: The detection of prostate cancer (CaP) has increasingly being carried out by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). Despite many previous studies, the sensitivity for clinically significant CaP (csCaP) was high, information on mpMRI false-negative lesions is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use and limitations of mpMRI in CaP.Methods: A total of 228 CaP foci in 100 patients who underwent 1.5 T mpMRI and radical prostatectomy between December 2015 and June 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The sensitivities of CaP foci, csCaP, and index tumors (ITs) were measured. Clinically significant CaP was defined into two categories based on the Gleason score (GS): csCaP/GS ≥3 + 4 (GS ≥3 + 4 or diameter >10 mm) and csCaP/GS ≥4 + 3 (GS ≥4 + 3 or diameter >10 mm). In addition, the characteristics of false-negative lesions were identified. The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2 was used to determine an mpMRI positive lesion, defined as a lesion having a score of ≥3.Results: The sensitivity of all legions, csCaP/GS ≥3 + 4, csCaP/GS ≥4 + 3, and ITs were 61.4%, 75.8%, 83.0%, and 91%, respectively. There were 91 lesions that were mpMRI false, 40% of which were csCaP/GS ≥3 + 4. There were three lesions with a GS of ≥8 and ≥10 mm in the false-negative results.Conclusions: mpMRI can highly detect ITs and csCaP/GS ≥4 + 3; however, a few large and high-GS CaPs constitute undetectable lesions in 1.5 T mpMRI.

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BTA-TRAK Combined with Urinary Cytology is a Reliable Urinary Indicator of Recurrent Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) of the Bladder

The International Journal of Biological Markers ◽

10.1177/172460080001500303 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 219-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

S. Mattioli ◽

E. Seregni ◽

L. Caperna ◽

C. Botti ◽

G. Savelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transitional Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Transitional Cell ◽

False Negative ◽

Urinary Cytology ◽

Additional Information ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

History Of

This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of BTA-TRAK in combination with urinary cytology (UC) in the follow-up of patients with a history of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. The overall sensitivity of BTA-TRAK, UC and the two tests combined for the detection of recurrences was 82.7% (48/58), 84.2% (48/57) and 91.2% (52/57), respectively. BTA and UC showed comparable sensitivity for superficial recurrences (76.7% (33/43) and 78.5% (33/42), respectively) and for invasive recurrences (100% (15/15)); when the two tests were used in combination, the sensitivity for superficial lesions increased to 88% (37/42). BTA-TRAK was more sensitive than UC for G1 recurrences (81.2% (13/16) vs. 68.7% (11/16)), and when the two tests were combined the sensitivity increased to 87.5% (14/16). The sensitivity of the combination was 100% (15/15) for G3 lesions. The differences in urinary BTA-TRAK levels between patients with recurrences and those without evidence of disease were statistically significant (Wilcoxon's test, p<0.05); among patients with recurrences BTA levels were significantly higher in the invasive and poorly differentiated subtypes. In the series of patients studied by us, BTA-TRAK combined with UC was shown to be a non-invasive, accurate test to predict TCC recurrences. Periodic measurement of BTA-TRAK combined with urinary cytology seems to provide additional information for the monitoring of patients treated for TCC; however, due to the presence of false positive and false negative results, this test cannot replace cystoscopy. In a selected group of patients it could, if combined with cytology and ultrasonography and if correctly used and interpreted, orient the timing and indication for cystoscopy.

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Combined Radionuclide Circulation and Static Imaging of the Brain

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1620939 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 19 (03) ◽

pp. 120-126

Author(s):

B. Ritter ◽

C. von Schéele ◽

V. Kempi

Keyword(s):

False Positive ◽

Diagnostic Yield ◽

False Negative ◽

Dynamic Imaging ◽

Additional Information ◽

Imaging Procedure ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

Combined Imaging ◽

The Brain

SummaryCombined static and dynamic imaging of the brain was performed in 398 patients with suspected space occupying lesions. The imaging findings were analyzed from two points of view: Firstly, the radionuclide results were compared with pathological anatomical findings and, secondly, the diagnostic yield in patients with various symptoms was evaluated. Thus we obtained the number of false positive and false negative results. The findings of the combined imaging procedure were correctly negative in 85% of the patients with non-focal symptoms and false positive in only 1%. The circulation study alone gave false positive results in 7% and so did the static study alone. The combined imaging procedure was pathologic in 46 of 83 cases of space-occupying lesions (55%). There were only three patients in whom a pathologic circulation study was the only indication of a space-occupying lesion (4%). The static study alone gave correct positive findings in 23 more cases (28%). We conclude that a pathologic blood flow study alone is of limited interest. In the presence of a pathologic static study the circulation procedure gives additional information, especially in meningioma and subdural hematoma. In patients with symptoms indicative of supratentorial space- occupying lesions of the brain combined imaging is recommended.

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The effect of information on prostate cancer screening decision process: A discrete choice experiment

10.21203/rs.2.17651/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Maud Charvin ◽

Guy Launoy ◽

Célia Berchi

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Discrete Choice ◽

Choice Model ◽

Prostate Cancer Screening ◽

False Negative ◽

Informed Choice ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

History Of

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A prospective study on inter-operator variability in semi-robotic software-based MRI/TRUS-fusion targeted prostate biopsies

World Journal of Urology ◽

10.1007/s00345-021-03891-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fabian Derigs ◽

Samuel Doryumu ◽

Fabian Tollens ◽

Dominik Nörenberg ◽

Manuel Neuberger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Prospective Study ◽

False Negative ◽

Lesion Size ◽

Negative Results ◽

Prostate Biopsies ◽

False Negative Results ◽

Lesion Level ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

A Prospective Study

Abstract Purpose Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/ultrasound-fusion prostate biopsy (FB) comprises multiple steps each of which can cause alterations in targeted biopsy (TB) accuracy leading to false-negative results. The aim was to assess the inter-operator variability of software-based fusion TB by targeting the same MRI-lesions by different urologists. Methods In this prospective study, 142 patients eligible for analysis underwent software-based FB. TB of all lesions (n = 172) were carried out by two different urologists per patient (n = 31 urologists). We analyzed the number of mismatches [overall prostate cancer (PCa), clinically significant PCa (csPCa) and non-significant PCa (nsPCa)] between both performed TB per patient. In addition we evaluated factors contributing to inter-operator variability by uni- and multivariable analyses. Results In 11.6% of all MRI-lesions (10.6% of all patients) there was a mismatch between TB1 and TB2 in terms of overall prostate cancer (PCa detection. Regarding csPCa, patient-based mismatch occurred in 14.8% (n = 21). Overall PCa and csPCa detection rate of TB1 and TB2 did not differ significantly on a per-patient and per-lesion level. Analyses revealed a smaller lesion size as predictive for mismatches (OR 9.19, 95% CI 2.02–41.83, p < 0.001). Conclusion Reproducibility and precision of targeting particularly small lesions is still limited although using software-based FB. Further improvements in image-fusion, segmentation, needle-guidance, and automatization are necessary.

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Influence of biopsy cores number performed with targeted prostate biopsy on the likelihood of a positive result in patients with clinically significant prostate cancer

Cancer Urology ◽

10.17650/1726-9776-2020-16-3-62-69 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

A. V. Zyryanov ◽

G. A. Gulin ◽

N. A. Rubtsova ◽

V. O. Mager ◽

A. E. Putintsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Prostate Cancer ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

False Negative ◽

Histological Structure ◽

Targeted Biopsy ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Negative Results ◽

False Negative Results ◽

Clinically Significant

Background. Targeted biopsy is proposed as a method of choice in the algorithm of prostate cancer diagnosis, but not all the features of method has been evaluated.Objective: determine the rational number of targeted biopsy samples in patients with clinically significant prostate cancer.Materials and methods. The magnetic resonance imaging and fusion biopsy data of 156 patients with suspected prostate cancer were retrospectively evaluated.Results and conclusion. In the study statistically significant dependence of the positive histological results in patients with clinically significant prostate cancer from the number of biopsy samples was found. The potential probability of a false negative histological examination with an insufficient number of biopsy samples was noted. These results confirm the latest published data of potential targeted biopsy false in true positive patients after multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging. An increase in the number of biopsy samples in the target lesion reduces the likelihood of false-negative results. The main causes of such discrepancy are some technical laxity and the heterogeneous histological structure of prostate cancer. Increase the number of biopsy cores can reduce the likelihood of false-negative results.

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