scholarly journals Salpivory by Colonial Reef Corals at Curaçao, Southern Caribbean

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Lars J. V. ter Horst ◽  
Bert W. Hoeksema
Keyword(s):  
Food Source ◽  
Gelatinous Zooplankton ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Reef Corals ◽  
Southern Caribbean

Salps (Phylum Tunicata, Family Salpidae) are transparent, gelatinous zooplankton that may occur in large densities (swarms) in the open ocean, where they form a food source for a variety of predators [...]

Southern Caribbean Cryptic Scleractinian Reef Corals from Bonaire, N.A.

Palaios ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Kobluk ◽  
Mary A. Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Reef Corals ◽  
Southern Caribbean

Onshore–offshore distribution of Thecosomata (Gastropoda) in the Benguela Current upwelling region off Namibia: species diversity and trophic position

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 1625-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Koppelmann ◽  
Björn Kullmann ◽  
Niko Lahajnar ◽  
Bettina Martin ◽  
Volker Mohrholz
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Diel Vertical Migration ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Trophic Position ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Benguela Current ◽  
Trophic Role

Many Thecosomata (Gastropoda) produce an aragonite shell and are potentially threatened by the increasing ocean acidification. Information about these species is very important for future monitoring of the fate of this group. This paper investigates the distribution, species composition and trophic role of Thecosomata along a transect from the coast into the open ocean off Walvis Bay, Namibia, in September 2010 and January/February 2011. Twenty species were detected, but three taxa (Limacina bulimoides, Limacina inflata and Desmopterus papilio) dominated the community with more than 80% of the total standing stock. Diel vertical migration was observed for both Limacina taxa with higher concentrations in surface waters during night. Desmopterus papilio revealed almost no day/night differences. The highest diversities and abundances were detected at the slope and offshore stations, indicating the oceanic preference of this group; some taxa aggregated at the shelf–open ocean interface. δ15N measurements confirmed the first trophic level of this group; however, significant differences were detected between seasons with higher values in February 2011. This can be related to differences in seston values as the primary food source. Possible biogeochemical causes for these differences like an exhaustion of the nitrate pool or denitrification processes under suboxic conditions are discussed.

scholarly journals Expanding the oceanic carbon cycle: Jellyfish biomass in the biological pump

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Lebrato ◽  
Daniel O.B. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Global Carbon Cycle ◽  
Gelatinous Zooplankton ◽  
Biological Pump ◽  
Carbon Transfer ◽  
The World ◽  
Atmospheric Co2 Concentrations ◽  
Oceanic Carbon ◽  
Global Carbon

With atmospheric CO2 concentrations increasing, it is vital to improve our understanding of the processes that sequester carbon, the most important being the biological pump of the world's oceans. Jellyfish might not spring to mind as major players in the global carbon cycle but the evidence of large jelly-falls on the world's deep seabeds suggests that gelatinous zooplankton have a greater role in the biological pump than we thought previously. Jellyfish blooms may be increasing and dead jellyfish may offer a rapidly accessible food source as they sink. We have developed a model to explore the remineralization of gelatinous carcasses as they sink, which is allowing us to predict the effects of jelly-falls on carbon transfer around the world.

Fish in Salps: the Association of Squaretails (Tetragonurus Spp.) With Pelagic Tunicates

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Janssen ◽  
G. R. Harbison
Keyword(s):  
Gelatinous Zooplankton ◽  
Open Ocean

Stromateoids are fishes of the open ocean commonly found in association with gelatinous zooplankton (Mansueti, 1963; Haedrich, 1957). One genus, Tetragonurus, has been found inside the branchial chambers of salps (Emery, 1882; LoBianco, 1909) and cloacal chambers of pyrosomes (LoBianco, 1909; Fitch, 1949, 1951).

SEM Observations on the Germination of Euonymous Americanus

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 508-509
Author(s):  
D.R. Hill ◽  
J.R. McCurry ◽  
L.P. Elliott ◽  
G. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Environmental Chamber ◽  
Dormant Stage ◽  
Scanning Electron

Germination of Euonymous americanus in the laboratory has previously been unsuccessful. Ability to germinate Euonymous americanus. commonly known as the american strawberry bush, is important in that it represents a valuable food source for the white-tailed deer. Utilizing the knowledge that its seeds spend a period of time in the rumin fluid of deer during their dormant stage, we were successful in initiating germination. After a three month drying period, the seeds were placed in 25 ml of buffered rumin fluid, pH 8 at 40°C for 48 hrs anaerobically. They were then allowed to dry at room temperature for 24 hrs, placed on moistened filter paper and enclosed within an environmental chamber. Approximately four weeks later germination was detected and verified by scanning electron microscopy; light microscopy provided inadequate resolution. An important point to note in this procedure is that scarification, which was thought to be vital for germination, proved to be unnecessary for successful germination to occur. It is believed that germination was propagated by the secretion of enzymes or prescence of acids produced by microorganisms found in the rumin fluid since sterilized rumin failed to bring about germination.

Manual dexterity task performance efficiency in the open ocean underwater environment

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Hancock ◽  
E. K. Milner
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Underwater Environment

Overwintering of gelatinous zooplankton in the coastal Arctic Ocean

2018 ◽  
Vol 591 ◽  
pp. 281-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Purcell ◽  
AR Juhl ◽  
MK Man΄ko ◽  
CF Aumack
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Gelatinous Zooplankton

Effects of tropical storms on the demography of reef corals

2018 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Baird ◽  
M Álvarez-Noriega ◽  
VR Cumbo ◽  
SR Connolly ◽  
M Dornelas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Storms ◽  
Reef Corals

Drivers of diversity gradients of a highly mobile marine assemblage in a mesoscale seascape

2020 ◽  
Vol 638 ◽  
pp. 149-164
Author(s):  
GM Svendsen ◽  
M Ocampo Reinaldo ◽  
MA Romero ◽  
G Williams ◽  
A Magurran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Shared Resources ◽  
Thermal Front ◽  
Boosted Regression Tree ◽  
Diversity Gradients ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Bottom Depth

With the unprecedented rate of biodiversity change in the world today, understanding how diversity gradients are maintained at mesoscales is a key challenge. Drawing on information provided by 3 comprehensive fishery surveys (conducted in different years but in the same season and with the same sampling design), we used boosted regression tree (BRT) models in order to relate spatial patterns of α-diversity in a demersal fish assemblage to environmental variables in the San Matias Gulf (Patagonia, Argentina). We found that, over a 4 yr period, persistent diversity gradients of species richness and probability of an interspecific encounter (PIE) were shaped by 3 main environmental gradients: bottom depth, connectivity with the open ocean, and proximity to a thermal front. The 2 main patterns we observed were: a monotonic increase in PIE with proximity to fronts, which had a stronger effect at greater depths; and an increase in PIE when closer to the open ocean (a ‘bay effect’ pattern). The originality of this work resides on the identification of high-resolution gradients in local, demersal assemblages driven by static and dynamic environmental gradients in a mesoscale seascape. The maintenance of environmental gradients, specifically those associated with shared resources and connectivity with an open system, may be key to understanding community stability.

Utilization Of White-Meat, Red-Meat And Super Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus sp) Skin Waste As An Alternative Food Source

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Yulian Syahputri ◽  
Diana Widiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Food Source ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alternative Food ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
White Meat ◽  
Fruit Skin ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Alternative Food Source

Dragon fruit skin, waste material (dragon fruit waste), will have a profitable sale value if it can be used as a food raw material. Dragon fruit skin waste contains relatively high dietary fiber so it can be used as a food raw material. This study aims to utilize dragon fruit skin waste for the manufacture of dragon fruit skin flour as an alternative food source. Some tests are made on white-meat dragon fruit skin, red-meat dragon fruit skin and super red dragon fruit skin. The preliminary study is the soaking of the three types of dragon fruit skin in two solutions, namely 0.1% sodium citrate and 0.1% sodium metabisulfite to prevent the browning effect on flour. Dragon fruit skin flour from the soaking with both solutions is then characterized physically, including its texture, color, flavor and rendement. The best physical characterization is followed by chemical characterization, including the contents of water, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, minerals (Fe, Na, K, Ca and P), and also microbiological characterization of Escherichia coli, molds and Bacillus cereus. The chemical and microbiological characterization shows that the red-meat dragon fruit skin flour has better results than the white-meat and super red dragon fruit skin flour does. The red-meat dragon fruit skin flour contains 8.80% water, 0.20% ash, 2.35% fat, 7.69%, protein, 68,29% carbohydrate and 28,72% dietary fiber as well as 4.40 mg K, 8.76 mg Na , 0.65 mg Fe , 10.20 mg Ca and 32.58 mg P. Keywords: Waste, Dragon Fruit Skin, Dragon Fruit Skin Powder, Alternative Food Source

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