AVOCADO SEEDS (Persea americana Mill.): FORMULATIONS OF ELIXIR VARIED BY SOLVENTS COMPOSITION

Kidney stones disease is asignificant health problem in the world and Indonesia is no exception. Traditionally, avocado seeds can be used as a laxative medicine for kidney stones disease. Elixiris a clear and sweet hidroalkohol solution intended for oral use and a flavor is usually added to enhance the taste. This study was to determine theformula of the avocado seed elixir which has the best quality and the level of flavonoids.Elixir testing was performedusing several methods such as organoleptic, limpidity, viscosity, pH and specific weightas well as total flavonoids. The result showed that the best elixir formula was the Formula I which composed of 7%avocado seed extract, 5% ethanol, 10% propylene glycol, 40% sirupus simplex, 0.1%, essence mint and 100%aquadestilata ad. Furthermore, Elixirhad a brown color, mint aroma and pretty sweettaste. The test results showed that elixir had a viscosity of 7.92 cP; pH of 5.65; specific weight of 1.0413 g/mL andtotal flavonoids of 2.1020%.

FORECASTING ANORGANIC WASTE VOLUME AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PLASTIC BAG RESTRICTIONS USING DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING METHOD AT BOGOR CITY

Garbage is a classic problem causing environmental and ecosystem damage in every region, including in Bogor City. Plastic is one of the largest types of inorganic waste that causes ecosystem damage. In one day 1,7 tons of plastic waste are produced from a modern shopping center in Bogor. Several attempts were made to reduce the volume of inorganic waste. Since July 2018 the Regional Government of Bogor City has issued a regulation restricting the use of plastic bags in the modern market as an effort to reduce inorganic waste, especially plastic waste. Forecasting the volume of inorganic waste after the enactment of this regulation is needed as an evaluation step. The double exponential smoothing hole model is suitable for linear data trends. This is in accordance with the condition of inorganic waste volume data which tends to have a linear trend. Forecasting produces parameter parameter values α (level) 0,78 and γ (trend) 0,09 also MAPE 7,25%. The forecast results show that the volume of inorganic waste tends to increase in 2020. In order for this regulation to be optimal, it is necessary to consider applying these regulations not only in the modern market but also in the traditional market. In addition, it is also necessary to find an alternative to substitute for plastic so as not to switch to other inorganic types.

FORECASTING ANORGANIC WASTE VOLUME AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PLASTIC BAG RESTRICTIONS USING DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING METHOD AT BOGOR CITY

Garbage is a classic problem causing environmental and ecosystem damage in every region, including in Bogor City. Plastic is one of the largest types of inorganic waste that causes ecosystem damage. In one day 1,7 tons of plastic waste are produced from a modern shopping center in Bogor. Several attempts were made to reduce the volume of inorganic waste. Since July 2018 the Regional Government of Bogor City has issued a regulation restricting the use of plastic bags in the modern market as an effort to reduce inorganic waste, especially plastic waste. Forecasting the volume of inorganic waste after the enactment of this regulation is needed as an evaluation step. The double exponential smoothing hole model is suitable for linear data trends. This is in accordance with the condition of inorganic waste volume data which tends to have a linear trend. Forecasting produces parameter parameter values α (level) 0,78 and γ (trend) 0,09 also MAPE 7,25%. The forecast results show that the volume of inorganic waste tends to increase in 2020. In order for this regulation to be optimal, it is necessary to consider applying these regulations not only in the modern market but also in the traditional market. In addition, it is also necessary to find an alternative to substitute for plastic so as not to switch to other inorganic types.

DEVELOPMENT OF COD (CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND) ANALYSIS METHOD IN WASTE WATER USING SPECTRODIRECT

Increased human activities will cause various problems, one of which is water pollution in water sources because it receives a pollution load that exceeds its carrying capacity. In the context of environmental conservation, the government has set quality standards for liquid waste produced by various industries and other activities in a Decree of the State Minister for the Environment. COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is one of the most important parameters in wastewater quality standards. This study aims to validate the COD analysis method which refers to COD Thermoreactor System (LOVIBOND brand) at Pakuan University Service Laboratory, to ensure the validity of COD analysis results at Pakuan University Service Laboratory. Spectrodirect COD analysis method provides results that meet the requirements of accuracy, precision, LOD, and LOQ which is quite good. The results of the Coefficient of Variation give good results with a value of 1.8841% indicating the accuracy of the analysis method is good. The accuracy parameter also gives good results and meets the requirements with a% recovery value of 98.70351%. Overall, it can be stated that the spectrodirect analysis method tested is an accurate, precise, simple, and economical method for determining COD levels

DEVELOPMENT OF COD (CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND) ANALYSIS METHOD IN WASTE WATER USING UV-VIS SPECTROPHOTOMETER

The COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) analysis method based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) is a revision of SNI 06-6989.2-2004, Water and wastewater - Part 2: Method of testing for chemical oxygen demand (COD) with closed reflux spectrophotometrically. This SNI uses references from international standard methods, namely Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21st Edition, editor of LS Clesceri, AE Greenberg, AD Eaton, APHA, AWWA and WEF, Washington DC, 2005, Methods 5220 D (Closed Reflux, Colorimetric Methods). The purpose of this study was to validate the total method for testing chemical oxygen demand (COD) in water and wastewater with the reduction of Cr2O7 2- spectrophotometrically in the range of COD values of 100 mg / L to 900 mg / L measurements were made at a wavelength of 600 nm. and COD values less than or equal to 90 mg / L measurements were made at a wavelength of 420 nm. The results showed that the method SNI 06-6898.2- 2009 has good validation results including the r results obtained from the calibration curve equation of 0.998, a precision of 1.82%, an accuracy of 98.25% and LOD and LOQ of 12.27 mg / L and 25, 61 mg / L.

REVIEW OF ROAD DRAINAGE SYSTEM (CASE STUDY: JALAN CIGOMBONG KM 16 - KM 23)

A good road drainage system is needed to ensure that road user activities are not disrupted due to rain puddles. The cause of inundation that occurs is land use change, there is no drainage channel, the channel is not well connected, the channel is closed due to widening of the road without considering drainage channels. Given this, research needs to be carried out on the condition of the existing drainage system as a material consideration for evaluating its feasibility and planning a drainage system that is able to overcome the inundation that occurs. Writing this final project refers to primary data and secondary data that already exist. The rainfall data came from the Climatology and Geophysics Meteorological Agency, Balai Besar Region II, Bogor Regency, which is the Darmaga huajn rainfall measurement station and the PUPR Binamarga Office of Bogor Regency. Meanwhile, to find out the dimensions of the existing drainage channels obtained by conducting surveys and direct observation to the field. Data analysis which was carried out was hydrological and hydraulics analysis. Hydrological analysis includes the analysis of rainfall frequency, determining the repeat period, calculating the concentration time, analyzing the rainfall intensity, and calculating the flow flow plan. Based on the results of hydrological analyzes, the hydraulics analysis is then performed, such as calculating the plan channel profile and calculating the height of the planned channel guard. From all of these analyzes, the results of the drainage study on the Cigombong KM 16 - KM 23 highway were carried out, that is, the entire capacity of the existing canals was not able to accommodate the planned flow discharge for a return period of 2 years 5 years 50 years. In addition, the results of the analyzes that have been carried out show that the rain that occurs during a certain period of time and a certain return period greatly affects the planned drainage channel profile and is due to the large amount of garbage in the channel which affects the reservoirs in the drainage that often occur frequently

CASSAVA WASTE AS AN ADDITIONAL SOURCE OF ORGANIC COMPOSES

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of adding powder cassava waste in compost making. Versatile in making compost. This research uses a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 4 settings with 3 replications with different amounts. The parameters chosen were composting temperature, composting fermentation time period, composting humidity, acidity composting and continued with water spinach growth vegetative test. Data analysis using one-way ANOVA test and further tests with Duncan's Multi Range Test at 1% significance level. Research results for 30 days in making compost with cassava powder complement, like fertilizer after growth, Vegetative ground spinach (ipomoea reptans) did not show a significant effect or no effect

OXYTOCIN DOSE ANALYSIS OF BREASTMILK PRODUCTION THROUGH INDUCTION LABOR

Breast milk is the only first food that can be consumed by newborns until the age reaches six months. therefore it is very important to know by the mother who is pregnant and will give birth about the importance of breast milk. Oxytocin drugs have similar functions to the natural hormone oxytocin produced by the body. This drug serves to trigger or strengthen the contraction of the uterine muscle. Therefore, oxytocin can be used to stimulate (induce) labor and stop bleeding after childbirth. In addition, this drug can also help stimulate the release of breast milk in breastfeeding mothers. Oxytocin should be avoided by pregnant women who can not give birth normally, for example because it has a narrow pelvis, suffering from placenta previa, or having a too strong uterine contractions. Oxytocin is also prohibited for pregnant women with cephalopelvic disproportion, impaired fetal conditions, uterine damage, or a history of caesarean section. In this study we see whether there is effect of different doses of oxytocin on the quantity of breastmilk produced. oxytocin doses were administered with 3 doses of 5 UI, 10 UI and 15 UI. the dose of oxytocin is administered once per incidence of labor. maternal results obtained by oxytocin induction of 5 UI and 10 UI obtained breastmilk averaging 10 ml in the first 24 hours after delivery. and a mother with oxytocin induction 15 UI received an average breastmilk of 10 ml at 24 hours after delivery.

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND GASS CROMATOGRAPHY – MASS SPECTROMETER (GC-MS) ANALYSIS ETHANOL EXTRACT OF PURPLE SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.)

Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves are extremely versatile that possesses high value. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves have secondary metabolism compounds that used as antibacterial and antifungal. The content of secondary metabolite compounds contained in plants an important role in providing antibacterial and antifungal activity so that this study was conducted to develop the utilization of purple sweet potato leaves through phytochemical screening. Phytochemical screening aims to provide an overview of the class of compounds contained in purple sweet potato leaf plants including of alkaloids, steroids-triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins test. Samples were taken from the local community of Bogor. The extract is made by extracting the simplicia of positive purple sweet potato leaves containing alkaloid, steroids-triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. Further identification of active compounds was performed by Gass Cromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis to detect the active compound contained in purple sweet potato leaf extract more specifically. GC-MS analysis results show several active compounds including: 1.4-Benzenediol (CAS) Hydroquinone, Benzenesulfonic acid 4-hydroxy (CAS), Hexadecanoic acid (CAS) Palmitic acid.

DESIGN DATABASE FOR APPLICATION INTRODUCTION OF BOGOR BATIK MOTIF WEB-BASED

Bogor batik motifs are inspired by the legacy of the kingdom of Pakuan, historical objects, phenomena, and culture. One of the famous motifs is the Kujang Kijang motif. In addition to deer motifs, Batik Bogor also has other unique motifs such as the pilsau cleaver motif and drizzling rain. Bogor Batik motifs applied in batik scratches are mostly symbols of the City of Bogor itself. The deer head motif is a mirror of the Bogor Palace, the lotus motif becomes a symbol of the Bogor Botanical Gardens, the cleaver blade as a symbol of the city of Bogor and the drizzle motif as the designation of the city of Bogor. Database Design is the process of determining the content and data settings needed to support various system designs. The purpose of Database Design is: to fulfill information that contains specific user needs and their applications. facilitate understanding of information structures, support processing needs and multiple object appearance (response time, processing time, and storage space). In the web-based Bogor batik motif introduction application using the DBS SQL Server. The advantages of Microsoft SQL Server one of which can work very well on all windows operating systems.