scholarly journals Corneal In Vivo Laser-Scanning Confocal Microscopy Findings in Dry Eye Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Matsumoto ◽  
Osama M. A. Ibrahim ◽  
Takashi Kojima ◽  
Murat Dogru ◽  
Jun Shimazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Fiber Density ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Nerve Fiber Density

Purpose: To evaluate the changes in cornea in Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) with a novel confocal microscopy device. Methods: Twenty-three right eyes of patients with SS (23 women; mean age, 65.4 ± 11.4 years) and 13 right eyes of 13 age- and sex-matched control subjects (13 women; mean age, 68.8 ± 9.8 years) were studied. Furthermore, eight right eyes of patients with SS (8 women; mean age, 66.9 ± 9.6 years) were studied to evaluate the corneal microscopic alterations after the treatment with topical 3% diquafosol sodium eye drops. All cases had tear quantity, tear breakup time (BUT), ocular surface staining measurements, and corneal in vivo laser-scanning confocal microscopy examinations. The density and area of corneal epithelial cells (superficial, wing, and basal), density of corneal stromal cells (anterior, intermediate, and posterior), density and area of corneal endothelial cells, density and morphology of corneal sub-basal nerve plexus, density of corneal sub-basal inflammatory cells were also assessed. Results: The tear quantity, stability, and vital staining scores were significantly worse in patients with SS than in control subjects (p < 0.0001). Corneal superficial epithelial cell density was significantly lower in SS compared with control subjects (p < 0.0001). Corneal superficial epithelial cell area was significantly larger in SS compared with control subjects (p = 0.007). Corneal sub-basal nerve fiber density was lower in SS compared with control subjects (p < 0.0001). Morphological abnormality of nerve fibers was observed in SS patients. Corneal sub-basal inflammatory cell density was significantly higher in SS patients compared with control subjects (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the mean corneal superficial epithelial cell density and area, inflammatory cell density, corneal sub-basal nerve fiber density, and morphological abnormality of nerve fibers, were improved with topical 3% diquafosol sodium treatment in the dry eye patients with SS (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The diagnostic modality using in vivo laser-scanning confocal microscopy was a useful method for the evaluation of the corneal cell density and area, nerve fiber density and morphology, and inflammatory cell density in patients with SS and also a useful tool in the assessment of treatment effect with topical 3% diquafosol sodium in the SS patients.

scholarly journals ­­­Bilateral Reduction of Corneal Sub-basal Nerves in Eyes with Recurrent Unilateral Posner-Schlossman Syndrome: An In Vivo Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiping Huang ◽  
Li Tan ◽  
Xiaoling Xie ◽  
Tsz Kin Ng ◽  
Chukai Huang
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Endothelial Cell Density ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

Abstract PURPOSE. To evaluate the circumstances of corneal sub-basal nerves (CSNs) in the affected and contralateral unaffected eyes of patients with unilateral Posner-Schlossman Syndrome (PSS) through in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) analysis. METHODS. Total 74 eyes from 37 unilateral PSS patients and 38 eyes of control subjects were recruited. Sub-basal corneal nerve parameters in the in vivo LSCM, including the number and density of total nerves, main nerve trunks, and nerve branches were evaluated. Corneal epithelial and endothelial cell densities were also calculated.RESULTS. The affected eyes of the patients with unilateral PSS demonstrated a significant decrease in all CSN parameters (P<0.005), including the number and density of total nerves, main nerve trunks and nerve branches, as compared to the control eyes. Lower CSN value was observed in contralateral unaffected eyes for total nerve density as well as the number and density of main nerve trunks (P<0.03) as compared to the control eyes. Moreover, corneal endothelial cell density was significantly reduced in affected eyes with PSS as compared to the control eyes (P<0.015). Yet, significant reduction could only be observed in the affected and contralateral unaffected eyes of the patients with recurrent unilateral PSS. In addition, a positive correlation was found between endothelial cell density and the density of main nerve trunks in PSS-affected eyes (r = 0.33, P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS. In vivo LSCM analysis revealed the reduction of CSNs in the affected and contralateral unaffected eyes of the patients with recurrent unilateral PSS. The positive correlation between corneal endothelial cell density and CSNs could suggest a potential link between corneal innervation and corneal endothelial cells.Retrospectively registered ChiCTR2000037630, August 29, 2020

In Vivo Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy of the Ocular Surface in Glaucoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Mastropasqua ◽  
Luca Agnifili ◽  
Rodolfo Mastropasqua ◽  
Vincenzo Fasanella ◽  
Mario Nubile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Scanning Confocal Microscopy

AbstractOver the past decade, knowledge about the ocular surface in glaucoma has significantly increased through the use of in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). This in vivo imaging method can show modifications at the cellular level induced by anti-glaucoma drugs on ocular surface structures and adnexa in the eye. High-quality images of the conjunctiva, cornea, limbus, meibomian glands, and lymphoid structures during therapy can be obtained. In addition, LSCM opened new fields of research on the patho-physiology of aqueous humor (AH) hydrodynamics in untreated, and in medically or surgically treated glaucomatous patients. In these conditions, an enhancement of the trans-scleral AH outflow contributed to clarification of the mechanism of action of different anti-glaucoma medications and surgical approaches. Finally, the use of LSCM represented a huge advance in evaluation of bleb functionality after filtration surgery, defining the hallmarks of AH filtration through the bleb-wall and distinguishing functional from nonfunctional blebs. Thus, signs seen with LSCM may anticipate clinical failure, guiding the clinician in planning the appropriate timing of the various steps in bleb management. In this review we summarize the current knowledge about in vivo LSCM of the ocular surface in glaucoma.

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