scholarly journals A New Hybrid Possibilistic-Probabilistic Decision-Making Scheme for Classification

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Basel Solaiman ◽  
Didier Guériot ◽  
Shaban Almouahed ◽  
Bassem Alsahwa ◽  
Éloi Bossé
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Soft Information ◽  
Aleatory Uncertainty ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Probabilistic Nature ◽  
Probabilistic Type

Uncertainty is at the heart of decision-making processes in most real-world applications. Uncertainty can be broadly categorized into two types: aleatory and epistemic. Aleatory uncertainty describes the variability in the physical system where sensors provide information (hard) of a probabilistic type. Epistemic uncertainty appears when the information is incomplete or vague such as judgments or human expert appreciations in linguistic form. Linguistic information (soft) typically introduces a possibilistic type of uncertainty. This paper is concerned with the problem of classification where the available information, concerning the observed features, may be of a probabilistic nature for some features, and of a possibilistic nature for some others. In this configuration, most encountered studies transform one of the two information types into the other form, and then apply either classical Bayesian-based or possibilistic-based decision-making criteria. In this paper, a new hybrid decision-making scheme is proposed for classification when hard and soft information sources are present. A new Possibilistic Maximum Likelihood (PML) criterion is introduced to improve classification rates compared to a classical approach using only information from hard sources. The proposed PML allows to jointly exploit both probabilistic and possibilistic sources within the same probabilistic decision-making framework, without imposing to convert the possibilistic sources into probabilistic ones, and vice versa.

scholarly journals The Use of Self-Information and Environment in Counseling Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-88
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fatchurahman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Environmental Information ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Counseling Process ◽  
Available Information

Counseling as one of the forms and techniques of assistance provided by schools in the context of implementing overall guidance, this is given to help students in their efforts to solve all problems. The availability of this information makes it easy for students to obtain the information needed for example to implement a decision, want to know about something both in terms of themselves and their environment. The use of self and environmental information in the counseling process occurs in the creation of rapport, in exploring, discovering the real problem, exploring and studying alternative problem solving, decision making, implementation of decisions taken and in evaluation and follow-up. Therefore the information used must meet the requirements: that is, careful and not prejudiced, up to date, comprehensive and available information sources. In addition to the above conditions, the principles of time saving, non-authoritarian and feedback are also taken into account, so that this can cause self and environmental information in the counseling process to be very important material for both the counselor and the client.

What Role is "Business Intelligence" Playing in Developing Countries? A Picture of Brazilian Companies

2010 ◽  
pp. 1846-1866
Author(s):  
Maira Petrini ◽  
Marlei Pozzebon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
It Use ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Technological Platform ◽  
Available Information

Constant technological innovation and increasing competitiveness make the management of information a considerable challenge, requiring decision-making processes built on reliable and timely information from internal and external sources. Although available information increases, this does not mean that people automatically derive value from it. After years of significant investment to establish a technological platform that supports all business processes and strengthens the operational structure’s efficiency, most organizations are supposed to have reached a point where the implementation of information technology (IT) solutions for strategic purposes becomes possible and necessary. This explains the emergence of “business intelligence” (BI); a response to information needs for decision-making through intensive IT use. This chapter looks at BI projects in developing countries – specifically, in Brazil. If the management of IT is a challenge for companies in developed countries, what can be said about organizations struggling in unstable contexts such as those often prevailing in developing countries?

scholarly journals Evaluating Bloemfontein’s image as a tourist destination: A tour operator’s perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Strydom ◽  
RG Nel
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The City ◽  
Central South

Tour operators have been identified as vital information sources influencing the images and decision-making processes of tourists. Bloemfontein is situated in Central South Africa.  Tourism marketers believe that the city is an ideal stopover destination for national tour operators  en route to other destinations.  Research was conducted among national tour operators in Johannesburg, Durban and Cape Town to determine their perceptions of Bloemfontein and whether they regard the city as a tourist or stopover destination.  The research indicates that the city is not regarded as a tourist destination, but is seen as an ideal stopover destination which could be included in future tour itineraries.  It is currently excluded because operators are unfamiliar with the tourism offering(s) of Bloemfontein due to insufficient marketing by the tourism officials of the city. 

What Role is "Business Intelligence" Playing in Developing Countries? A Picture of Brazilian Companies

2009 ◽  
pp. 239-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira Petrini ◽  
Marlei Pozzebon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
It Use ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Technological Platform ◽  
Available Information

Constant technological innovation and increasing competitiveness make the management of information a considerable challenge, requiring decision-making processes built on reliable and timely information from internal and external sources. Although available information increases, this does not mean that people automatically derive value from it. After years of significant investment to establish a technological platform that supports all business processes and strengthens the operational structure’s efficiency, most organizations are supposed to have reached a point where the implementation of information technology (IT) solutions for strategic purposes becomes possible and necessary. This explains the emergence of “business intelligence” (BI); a response to information needs for decision-making through intensive IT use. This chapter looks at BI projects in developing countries – specifically, in Brazil. If the management of IT is a challenge for companies in developed countries, what can be said about organizations struggling in unstable contexts such as those often prevailing in developing countries?

scholarly journals CONSUMER JOURNEY OF CULINARY PRODUCTS THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 306-314
Author(s):  
Nindyta Aisyah Dwityas ◽  
Rizki Briandana ◽  
Pramitha Aulia
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Decision ◽  
Consumption Decisions ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Consumer Journey

Purpose of the study: This research was conducted with the aim of finding the pattern or model of the consumer journey, particularly the consumer decision-making processes for culinary products among the JKTFoodbang community on Instagram. Methodology: The method used in this research is a qualitative method in which this research emphasizes the meaning and process rather than the results of an activity. Main Findings: Social media is able to facilitate all stages in the consumer journey, particularly in the consumption process of culinary products. Applications of this study: This research will contribute to the knowledge of the concept in Indonesia and technology. The results of this study can be beneficial for marketers, society and stakeholders. Which is Social media is able to facilitate all. Novelty/Originality of this study: The diversity of information sources and content on social media provides more strength for consumers, particularly Millennials to make the consumption decisions of culinary products. Despite it has great potential, social media cannot stand alone in the context of facilitating all stages in the consumer journey, particularly for consumers of culinary products.

Cognitive Processing of Miscommunication in Interactive Listening: An Evaluation of Listener Indecision and Cognitive Effort

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Roche ◽  
Arkady Zgonnikov ◽  
Laura M. Morett
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Mouse Tracking ◽  
Computer Mouse ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Computer Mouse Tracking ◽  
Listening Task ◽  
Processing Effort

Purpose The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the social and cognitive underpinnings of miscommunication during an interactive listening task. Method An eye and computer mouse–tracking visual-world paradigm was used to investigate how a listener's cognitive effort (local and global) and decision-making processes were affected by a speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication. Results Experiments 1 and 2 found that an environmental cue that made a miscommunication more or less salient impacted listener language processing effort (eye-tracking). Experiment 2 also indicated that listeners may develop different processing heuristics dependent upon the speaker's use of ambiguity that led to a miscommunication, exerting a significant impact on cognition and decision making. We also found that perspective-taking effort and decision-making complexity metrics (computer mouse tracking) predict language processing effort, indicating that instances of miscommunication produced cognitive consequences of indecision, thinking, and cognitive pull. Conclusion Together, these results indicate that listeners behave both reciprocally and adaptively when miscommunications occur, but the way they respond is largely dependent upon the type of ambiguity and how often it is produced by the speaker.

“It's Not Humanly Possible to Do Everything”: Perspectives on Intervention Decision-Making Processes of Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erinn Finke ◽  
Kathryn Drager ◽  
Elizabeth C. Serpentine
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individualized Education Program ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Interview Methodology ◽  
Communication Interventions

Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to understand the decision-making processes used by parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) related to communication-based interventions. Method Qualitative interview methodology was used. Data were gathered through interviews. Each parent had a child with ASD who was at least four-years-old; lived with their child with ASD; had a child with ASD without functional speech for communication; and used at least two different communication interventions. Results Parents considered several sources of information for learning about interventions and provided various reasons to initiate and discontinue a communication intervention. Parents also discussed challenges introduced once opinions of the school individualized education program (IEP) team had to be considered. Conclusions Parents of children with ASD primarily use individual decision-making processes to select interventions. This discrepancy speaks to the need for parents and professionals to share a common “language” about interventions and the decision-making process.

Predicting Rapid Decision-Making Processes Required by the Dismounted Objective Force Warrior

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Beth Littleton ◽  
Jared T. Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Training rapid decision-making processes required by the dismounted objective force leader

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Christ ◽  
Alvah C. Bittner ◽  
Jared T. Freeman ◽  
Rick Archer ◽  
Gary Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Processes
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