scholarly journals Reduction of Losses and Operating Costs in Distribution Networks Using a Genetic Algorithm and Mathematical Optimization

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Edison Riaño ◽  
Jonathan Felipe Cruz ◽  
Oscar Danilo Montoya ◽  
Harold R. Chamorro ◽  
Lazaro Alvarado-Barrios
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Mathematical Optimization ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Matlab Programming

This study deals with the minimization of the operational and investment cost in the distribution and operation of the power flow considering the installation of fixed-step capacitor banks. This issue is represented by a nonlinear mixed-integer programming mathematical model which is solved by applying the Chu and Beasley genetic algorithm (CBGA). While this algorithm is a classical method for resolving this type of optimization problem, the solutions found using this approach are better than those reported in the literature using metaheuristic techniques and the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS). In addition, the time required for the CBGA to get results was reduced to a few seconds to make it a more robust, efficient, and capable tool for distribution system analysis. Finally, the computational sources used in this study were developed in the MATLAB programming environment by implementing test feeders composed of 10, 33, and 69 nodes with radial and meshed configurations.

scholarly journals A Sensitivity-Based Three-Phase Weather-Dependent Power Flow Algorithm for Networks with Local Controllers—Part I: Algorithm Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Pompodakis ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
Minas Alexiadis
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Modern Distribution ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Flow Algorithm ◽  
Weather Variations

<b>Local voltage controllers (LVCs) are important components of a modern distribution system for regulating the voltage within permissible limits. This manuscript presents a sensitivity-based three-phase weather-dependent power flow algorithm for distribution networks with LVCs. This Part I presents the theoretical development of the proposed algorithm, which has four distinct characteristics: a) it considers the three-phase unbalanced nature of distribution systems, b) the operating state of LVCs is calculated using sensitivity parameters, which accelerates the convergence speed of the algorithm, c) it considers the precise switching sequence of LVCs based on their reaction time delays, and d) the nonlinear influence of weather variations in the power flow is also taken into consideration. Simulations and validation results presented in Part II indicate that the proposed approach outperforms other existing algorithms with respect to the accuracy and speed of convergence, thus making it a promising power flow tool for accurate distribution system analysis. </b><div><b><br></b></div>

scholarly journals A Sensitivity-Based Three-Phase Weather-Dependent Power Flow Approach for Networks with Local Controllers—Part II: Case Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Pompodakis ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
Minas Alexiadis
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Switching Sequence ◽  
Magnetic Effects ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Node Network ◽  
Distribution System Planning ◽  
Simulation Results

<p><b>Power flow is an integral part of distribution system planning, monitoring, operation, and analysis. This two-part paper proposes a sensitivity-based three-phase weather-dependent power flow approach for accurately simulating distribution networks with local voltage controllers (LVC). This part II, firstly, presents simulation results of the proposed approach in an 8-Bus and 7-Bus network, which are validated using dynamic simulation. Secondly, simulation results for the IEEE 8500-node network are also presented. An extensive comparison is conducted between the proposed sensitivity-based approach and the other existing power flow approaches with respect to result accuracy and convergence speed. Moreover, the influence of weather and magnetic effects on the power flow results and the LVC states is also investigated. Simulation results confirm that the proposed sensitivity-based approach produces more accurate results than the existing approaches since it considers the actual switching sequence of LVCs as well as the weather and magnetic effects on the network. Moreover, the proposed algorithm exhibits accelerated convergence due to the usage of the sensitivity parameters, which makes it an important tool for distribution system analysis. </b></p>

scholarly journals A Sensitivity-Based Three-Phase Weather-Dependent Power Flow Approach for Networks with Local Controllers—PART II: Case Studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Pompodakis ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
Minas Alexiadis
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Switching Sequence ◽  
Magnetic Effects ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Node Network ◽  
Distribution System Planning ◽  
Simulation Results

<p><b>Power flow is an integral part of distribution system planning, monitoring, operation, and analysis. This two-part paper proposes a sensitivity-based three-phase weather-dependent power flow approach for accurately simulating distribution networks with local voltage controllers (LVC). This part II, firstly, presents simulation results of the proposed approach in an 8-Bus and 7-Bus network, which are validated using dynamic simulation. Secondly, simulation results for the IEEE 8500-node network are also presented. An extensive comparison is conducted between the proposed sensitivity-based approach and the other existing power flow approaches with respect to result accuracy and convergence speed. Moreover, the influence of weather and magnetic effects on the power flow results and the LVC states is also investigated. Simulation results confirm that the proposed sensitivity-based approach produces more accurate results than the existing approaches since it considers the actual switching sequence of LVCs as well as the weather and magnetic effects on the network. Moreover, the proposed algorithm exhibits accelerated convergence due to the usage of the sensitivity parameters, which makes it an important tool for distribution system analysis. </b></p>

scholarly journals A Sensitivity-Based Three-Phase Weather-Dependent Power Flow Algorithm for Networks with Local Controllers—Part I: Algorithm Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Pompodakis ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
Minas Alexiadis
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Modern Distribution ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Flow Algorithm ◽  
Weather Variations

<b>Local voltage controllers (LVCs) are important components of a modern distribution system for regulating the voltage within permissible limits. This manuscript presents a sensitivity-based three-phase weather-dependent power flow algorithm for distribution networks with LVCs. This Part I presents the theoretical development of the proposed algorithm, which has four distinct characteristics: a) it considers the three-phase unbalanced nature of distribution systems, b) the operating state of LVCs is calculated using sensitivity parameters, which accelerates the convergence speed of the algorithm, c) it considers the precise switching sequence of LVCs based on their reaction time delays, and d) the nonlinear influence of weather variations in the power flow is also taken into consideration. Simulations and validation results presented in Part II indicate that the proposed approach outperforms other existing algorithms with respect to the accuracy and speed of convergence, thus making it a promising power flow tool for accurate distribution system analysis. </b><div><b><br></b></div>

scholarly journals A Sensitivity-Based Three-Phase Weather-Dependent Power Flow Approach for Networks with Local Controllers—Part II: Case Studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Pompodakis ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
Minas Alexiadis
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Switching Sequence ◽  
Magnetic Effects ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Node Network ◽  
Distribution System Planning ◽  
Simulation Results

<p><b>Power flow is an integral part of distribution system planning, monitoring, operation, and analysis. This two-part paper proposes a sensitivity-based three-phase weather-dependent power flow approach for accurately simulating distribution networks with local voltage controllers (LVC). This part II, firstly, presents simulation results of the proposed approach in an 8-Bus and 7-Bus network, which are validated using dynamic simulation. Secondly, simulation results for the IEEE 8500-node network are also presented. An extensive comparison is conducted between the proposed sensitivity-based approach and the other existing power flow approaches with respect to result accuracy and convergence speed. Moreover, the influence of weather and magnetic effects on the power flow results and the LVC states is also investigated. Simulation results confirm that the proposed sensitivity-based approach produces more accurate results than the existing approaches since it considers the actual switching sequence of LVCs as well as the weather and magnetic effects on the network. Moreover, the proposed algorithm exhibits accelerated convergence due to the usage of the sensitivity parameters, which makes it an important tool for distribution system analysis. </b></p>

scholarly journals On the Matricial Formulation of Iterative Sweep Power Flow for Radial and Meshed Distribution Networks with Guarantee of Convergence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 5802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Danilo Montoya ◽  
Walter Gil-González ◽  
Diego Armando Giral
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Incidence Matrix ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Banach Fixed Point Theorem ◽  
Convergence Test ◽  
Admittance Matrix ◽  
Newton Raphson ◽  
Basic Concepts

This paper presents a general formulation of the classical iterative-sweep power flow, which is widely known as the backward–forward method. This formulation is performed by a branch-to-node incidence matrix with the main advantage that this approach can be used with radial and meshed configurations. The convergence test is performed using the Banach fixed-point theorem while considering the dominant diagonal structure of the demand-to-demand admittance matrix. A numerical example is presented in tutorial form using the MATLAB interface, which aids beginners in understanding the basic concepts of power-flow programming in distribution system analysis. Two classical test feeders comprising 33 and 69 nodes are used to validate the proposed formulation in comparison with conventional methods such as the Gauss–Seidel and Newton–Raphson power-flow formulations.

A Sensitivity-Based Three-Phase Weather-Dependent Power Flow Algorithm for Networks with Local Controllers—Part I: Algorithm Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Pompodakis ◽  
Arif Ahmed ◽  
Minas Alexiadis
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Modern Distribution ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Flow Algorithm ◽  
Weather Variations

<b>Local voltage controllers (LVCs) are important components of a modern distribution system for regulating the voltage within permissible limits. This manuscript presents a sensitivity-based three-phase weather-dependent power flow algorithm for distribution networks with LVCs. This Part I presents the theoretical development of the proposed algorithm, which has four distinct characteristics: a) it considers the three-phase unbalanced nature of distribution systems, b) the operating state of LVCs is calculated using sensitivity parameters, which accelerates the convergence speed of the algorithm, c) it considers the precise switching sequence of LVCs based on their reaction time delays, and d) the nonlinear influence of weather variations in the power flow is also taken into consideration. Simulations and validation results presented in Part II indicate that the proposed approach outperforms other existing algorithms with respect to the accuracy and speed of convergence, thus making it a promising power flow tool for accurate distribution system analysis. </b><div><b><br></b></div>

scholarly journals Optimal Placement and Sizing of D-STATCOM in Radial and Meshed Distribution Networks Using a Discrete-Continuous Version of the Genetic Algorithm

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1452
Author(s):  
Cristian Mateo Castiblanco-Pérez ◽  
David Esteban Toro-Rodríguez ◽  
Oscar Danilo Montoya ◽  
Diego Armando Giral-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Objective Function ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Continuous Version ◽  
Discrete Part

In this paper, we propose a new discrete-continuous codification of the Chu–Beasley genetic algorithm to address the optimal placement and sizing problem of the distribution static compensators (D-STATCOM) in electrical distribution grids. The discrete part of the codification determines the nodes where D-STATCOM will be installed. The continuous part of the codification regulates their sizes. The objective function considered in this study is the minimization of the annual operative costs regarding energy losses and installation investments in D-STATCOM. This objective function is subject to the classical power balance constraints and devices’ capabilities. The proposed discrete-continuous version of the genetic algorithm solves the mixed-integer non-linear programming model that the classical power balance generates. Numerical validations in the 33 test feeder with radial and meshed configurations show that the proposed approach effectively minimizes the annual operating costs of the grid. In addition, the GAMS software compares the results of the proposed optimization method, which allows demonstrating its efficiency and robustness.

Efficient Reduction in the Annual Investment Costs in AC Distribution Networks via Optimal Integration of Solar PV Sources Using the Newton Metaheuristic Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11525
Author(s):  
Oscar Danilo Montoya ◽  
Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña ◽  
Lázaro Alvarado-Barrios ◽  
Andres Arias-Londoño ◽  
Cesar Álvarez-Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Optimal Placement ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Flow Method ◽  
Power Flow Method

This research addresses the problem of the optimal placement and sizing of (PV) sources in medium voltage distribution grids through the application of the recently developed Newton metaheuristic optimization algorithm (NMA). The studied problem is formulated through a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model where the binary variables regard the installation of a PV source in a particular node, and the continuous variables are associated with power generations as well as the voltage magnitudes and angles, among others. To improve the performance of the NMA, we propose the implementation of a discrete–continuous codification where the discrete component deals with the location problem and the continuous component works with the sizing problem of the PV sources. The main advantage of the NMA is that it works based on the first and second derivatives of the fitness function considering an evolution formula that contains its current solution (xit) and the best current solution (xbest), where the former one allows location exploitation and the latter allows the global exploration of the solution space. To evaluate the fitness function and its derivatives, the successive approximation power flow method was implemented, which became the proposed solution strategy in a master–slave optimizer, where the master stage is governed by the NMA and the slave stage corresponds to the power flow method. Numerical results in the IEEE 34- and IEEE 85-bus systems show the effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach to minimize the total annual operative costs of the network when compared to the classical Chu and Beasley genetic algorithm and the MINLP solvers available in the general algebraic modeling system with reductions of 26.89% and 27.60% for each test feeder with respect to the benchmark cases.

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