A Sensitivity-Based Three-Phase Weather-Dependent Power Flow Approach for Networks with Local Controllers—PART II: Case Studies

<p><b>Power flow is an integral part of distribution system planning, monitoring, operation, and analysis. This two-part paper proposes a sensitivity-based three-phase weather-dependent power flow approach for accurately simulating distribution networks with local voltage controllers (LVC). This part II, firstly, presents simulation results of the proposed approach in an 8-Bus and 7-Bus network, which are validated using dynamic simulation. Secondly, simulation results for the IEEE 8500-node network are also presented. An extensive comparison is conducted between the proposed sensitivity-based approach and the other existing power flow approaches with respect to result accuracy and convergence speed. Moreover, the influence of weather and magnetic effects on the power flow results and the LVC states is also investigated. Simulation results confirm that the proposed sensitivity-based approach produces more accurate results than the existing approaches since it considers the actual switching sequence of LVCs as well as the weather and magnetic effects on the network. Moreover, the proposed algorithm exhibits accelerated convergence due to the usage of the sensitivity parameters, which makes it an important tool for distribution system analysis. </b></p>

GIS-Based Distribution System Planning for New PV Installations

Solar panel installations have increased significantly in Japan in recent decades. Due to this, world trends, such as clean/renewable energy, are being implemented in power systems all across Japan—particularly installations of photovoltaic (PV) panels in general households. In this work, solar power was estimated using solar radiation data from geographic information system (GIS) technology. The solar power estimation was applied to the actual distribution system model of the Jono area in Kitakyushu city, Japan. In this work, real power consumption data was applied to a real world distribution system model. We studied the impact of high installation rates of solar panels in Japanese residential areas. Additionally, we considered the voltage fluctuations in the distribution system model by assessing the impact of cloud shadows using a novel cloud movement simulation algorithm that uses real world GIS data. The simulation results revealed that the shadow from the cloud movement process directly impacted the solar power generation in residential areas, which caused voltage fluctuations of the overall distribution system. Thus, we advocate distribution system planning with a large number of solar panels.

MODEL OF INFORMATION PLATFORM FOR ELECTRICITY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS PLANNING

Background. Implementation of the Smart Grid concept in Ukraine is under consideration, and it should become an integral part of the electricity distribution systems planning. One of the outstanding issues is exchanging the information on the distribution systems development between all stakeholders using modern information and communication solutions. Objective. The purpose of the research is to develop a generalized model of information platform for electricity distribution system planning and expansion of Smart Grid technologies in the energy system of Ukraine. Methods. The experience of the European Union (EU) in electricity distribution system planning, and specifically, the organization of interaction between stakeholders was analyzed. With the help of a system approach, the requirements of the existing in Ukraine laws and regulations on electricity distribution system planning were investigated. The model structure of the proposed information platform was formalized by the graphical tools of the unified modeling language (UML). Results. It is determined that the EU organizes the information exchange for the purposes of electricity distribution system planning, using different tools in parallel: specialized institutions for communication of stakeholders; cooperation of energy regulators; reports of scientific institutions about Smart Grid project implementation; information technology platforms for modeling the electricity distribution system in cooperation with its users. The existing in Ukraine scheme of interaction between all actors directly or indirectly involved in electricity distribution system planning was investigated; it was proposed to develop an information technology platform “Ukrainian Smart Energy – USE” to eliminate the identified negative aspects of information exchange between the actors. The generalized structure of the USE platform was formalized using a UML class diagram; it shows the content of data available for viewing and required for publication by different classes of the platform users, depending on their functions. Conclusions. The proposed model of information platform USE is the basis for further investigations directed to develop an appropriate information technology platform.

Distributed Generation Impact on Distribution System Reliability

Reliability is the most important factor of distribution system and this system should be operated economically with low customer loads interruption. This is because that the distribution system gives supply to customers from transmission system. There are some power quality issues due to the failures of components in distribution system. Researchers are going on to assess the reliability of the power system. In the power system, reliability evaluation is an important aspect in complete electric distribution system planning and operation. Due to the extreme scale of problem, it is not possible to conduct reliability on complete power system, it is performed independently. Hence, In this paper, the reliability of distribution system is evaluated by using an analytical method is described and is applied to the IEEE RBTS BUS-6. Development of reliability model of distribution system using Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) software is developed. And the Distributed Generation is introduced for the improvement of reliability. Reliability indices are such as System Average Interruption Frequency Indices (SAIFI), System Average Interruption Duration Indices (SAIDI), Customer Average Interruption Frequency Indices (CAIFI), Customer Average Interruption Duration Indices (CAIDI), Energy Not Supplied (ENS), Average Service Availability Indices (ASAI), etc. The performance of reliability of the system is shown by these indices