scholarly journals A Sketch of Bolivia’s Potential Low-Carbon Power System Configurations. The Case of Applying Carbon Taxation and Lowering Financing Costs

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Peña Balderrama ◽  
Thomas Alfstad ◽  
Constantinos Taliotis ◽  
Mohammad Hesamzadeh ◽  
Mark Howells
Keyword(s):  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Cost Curves ◽  
Financing Costs ◽  
Carbon Taxation ◽  
System Configurations

This paper considers hypothetical options for the transformation of the Bolivian power generation system to one that emits less carbon dioxide. Specifically, it evaluates the influence of the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) on marginal abatement cost curves (MACC) when applying carbon taxation to the power sector. The study is illustrated with a bottom-up least-cost optimization model. Projections of key parameters influence the shape of MACCs and the underlying technology configurations. These are reported. Results from our study (and the set of assumptions on which they are based) are country-specific. Nonetheless, the methodology can be replicated to other case studies to provide insights into the role carbon taxes and lowering finance costs might play in reducing emissions.

Low Carbon Strategies of Electric Power Sector in Shandong Province: Marginal Abatement Costs Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2770-2773
Author(s):  
Dong Fang Yu ◽  
Min Hua Ye ◽  
Can Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Optimal Scheduling ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Abatement Costs ◽  
Electric Power Sector ◽  
Low Carbon Technologies

With the urgent to carry out a low carbon pathway of the electric power sector for Shandong province to face the heavy burden of the emission reduction, it is necessary to analyze the margin abatement costs (MAC) of its low carbon technologies. In this article, we adopted the MAC method with a scenario analysis to point out the margin abatement costs and investment intensity of 9 kinds of major low carbon technologies in electric power sector in 2030. The results show that The IGCC+CCS+EOR, coal optimal scheduling, nuclear power technologies are with negative MAC in the Mitigation Scenario in 2030; while biomass combustion, biogas power generation, onshore wind power, solar photovoltaic, IGCC, offshore wind power, IGCC+CCS is positive. Therefore, for the lower marginal abatement cost and investment intensity technologies such as nuclear power and coal optimal scheduling, only some reasonable policies and economic incentives will promote their applications. On the other hand, for the higher marginal abatement cost and investment intensity technologies, like the renewable energy power technologies, it will have to need an initial investment subsidies, price subsidies, carbon trading, carbon taxes or other fiscal mechanisms to encourage market mechanisms.

Sectoral marginal abatement cost curves: implications for mitigation pledges and air pollution co-benefits for Annex I countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Wagner ◽  
Markus Amann ◽  
Jens Borken-Kleefeld ◽  
Janusz Cofala ◽  
Lena Höglund-Isaksson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Marginal Abatement Cost ◽  
Cost Curves

Decarbonised pathways for a low carbon EU28 power sector until 2050

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Simoes ◽  
Wouter Nijs ◽  
Pablo Ruiz ◽  
Alessandra Sgobbi ◽  
Christian Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Low Carbon ◽  
Power Sector

scholarly journals Abatement cost for selectivity negative emissions technology in power plant Indonesia with aim/end-use model

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
Z D Nurfajrin ◽  
B Satiyawira
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Cost Curve ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
End Use

Abstract The Indonesian government has followed up the Paris Agreement with Law No. 16 of 2016 by setting an ambitious emission reduction target of 29% by 2030, and this figure could even increase to 41% if supported by international assistance. In line with this, mitigation efforts are carried out in the energy sector. Especially in the energy sector, it can have a significant impact when compared to other sectors due to an increase in energy demand, rapid economic growth, and an increase in living standards that will push the rate of emission growth in the energy sector up to 6. 7% per year. The bottom-up AIM/end-use energy model can select the technologies in the energy sector that are optimal in reducing emissions and costs as a long-term strategy in developing national low-carbon technology. This model can use the Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) approach to evaluate the potential for GHG emission reductions by adding a certain amount of costs for each selected technology in the target year compared to the reference technology in the baseline scenario. In this study, three scenarios were used as mitigation actions, namely CM1, CM2, CM3. The Abatement Cost Curve tools with an assumed optimum tax value of 100 USD/ton CO2eq, in the highest GHG emission reduction potential, are in the CM3 scenario, which has the most significant reduction potential, and the mitigation costs are not much different from other scenarios. For example, PLTU – supercritical, which can reduce a significant GHG of 37.39 Mtoe CO2eq with an emission reduction cost of -23.66 $/Mtoe CO2eq.

scholarly journals A Review of Geothermal Technologies and Their Role in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract A review of conventional, unconventional, and advanced geothermal technologies highlights just how diverse and multi-faceted the geothermal industry has become, harnessing temperatures from 7 °C to greater than 350 °C. The cost of reducing greenhouse emissions is examined in scenarios where conventional coal or combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plants are abated. In the absence of a US policy on a carbon tax, the marginal abatement cost potential of these technologies is examined within the context of the social cost of carbon (SCC). The analysis highlights that existing geothermal heat and power technologies and emerging advanced closed-loop applications could deliver substantial cost-efficient baseload energy, leading to the long-term decarbonization. When considering an SCC of $25, in a 2025 development scenario, geothermal technologies ideally need to operate with full life cycle assessment (FLCA) emissions, lower than 50 kg(CO2)/MWh, and aim to be within the cost range of $30−60/MWh. At these costs and emissions, geothermal can provide a cost-competitive low-carbon, flexible, baseload energy that could replace existing coal and CCGT providing a significant long-term reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study confirms that geothermally derived heat and power would be well positioned within a diverse low-carbon energy portfolio. The analysis presented here suggests that policy and regulatory bodies should, if serious about lowering carbon emissions from the current energy infrastructure, consider increasing incentives for geothermal energy development.

scholarly journals Investigation of the life cycle carbon impact of passive house building envelopes in Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick W. Andres
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Passive House ◽  
Standard Life ◽  
System Configurations ◽  
House Building ◽  
House Standard

Whole building energy and life cycle impact modeling was conducted for a single-family detached reference building designed to meet the Passive House Standard. Life cycle operating global warming potential (GWP) and building envelope embodied GWP were assessed for two mechanical system configurations and three Canadian cities. Variations in regional electricity carbon intensity were found to significantly impact both operating and embodied GWP. Embodied GWP was found to be significant relative to operating GWP in locations with access to low carbon electricity. Additionally, use of natural gas mechanical systems in Edmonton resulted in 360% greater operating emissions than in Montreal, while electric heat pump mechanicals yielded 6,600% higher emissions. Finally, the Passive House Standard method for quantifying operating GWP was found to overestimate emissions by up to 3700% in Montreal and underestimate emissions by 34% in Edmonton, when compared to a method accounting for variations in regional electricity carbon intensity.

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