scholarly journals Compression–Expansion Processes for Chemical Energy Storage: Thermodynamic Optimization for Methane, Ethane and Hydrogen

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burak Atakan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Initial Mixture ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Chemical Exergy ◽  
Chemical Equilibration ◽  
Work Input ◽  
Exergy Losses ◽  
Argon Content

Several methods for chemical energy storage have been discussed recently in the context of fluctuating energy sources, such as wind and solar energy conversion. Here a compression–expansion process, as also used in piston engines or compressors, is investigated to evaluate its potential for the conversion of mechanical energy to chemical energy, or more correctly, exergy. A thermodynamically limiting adiabatic compression–chemical equilibration–expansion cycle is modeled and optimized for the amount of stored energy with realistic parameter bounds of initial temperature, pressure, compression ratio and composition. As an example of the method, initial mixture compositions of methane, ethane, hydrogen and argon are optimized and the results discussed. In addition to the stored exergy, the main products (acetylene, benzene, and hydrogen) and exergetic losses of this thermodynamically limiting cycle are also analyzed, and the volumetric and specific work are discussed as objective functions. It was found that the optimal mixtures are binary methane argon mixtures with high argon content. The predicted exergy losses due to chemical equilibration are generally below 10%, and the chemical exergy of the initial mixture can be increased or chemically up-converted due to the work input by approximately 11% in such a thermodynamically limiting process, which appears promising.

Thermal characterization of ABS-Graphene blended three dimensional printed functional prototypes for electro chemical energy storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaljit Singh Boparai ◽  
Rupinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Fused Deposition

This study highlights the thermal characterization of ABS-Graphene blended three dimensional (3D) printed functional prototypes by fused deposition modeling (FDM) process. These functional prototypes have some applications as electro-chemical energy storage devices (EESD). Initially, the suitability of ABS-Graphene composite material for FDM applications has been examined by melt flow index (MFI) test. After establishing MFI, the feedstock filament for FDM has been prepared by an extrusion process. The fabricated filament has been used for printing 3D functional prototypes for printing of in-house EESD. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis was conducted to understand the effect on glass transition temperature with the inclusion of Graphene (Gr) particles. It has been observed that the reinforced Gr particles act as a thermal reservoir (sink) and enhances its thermal/electrical conductivity. Also, FT-IR spectra realized the structural changes with the inclusion of Gr in ABS matrix. The results are supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) based micrographs for understanding the morphological changes.

scholarly journals Flammable gases produced by TiO2 nanoparticles under magnetic stirring in water

Friction ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Li ◽  
Chongyang Tang ◽  
Xiangheng Xiao ◽  
Yanmin Jia ◽  
Wanping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Quartz Glass ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Magnetic Stirring ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
Nanostructured Semiconductors

AbstractThe friction between nanomaterials and Teflon magnetic stirring rods has recently drawn much attention for its role in dye degradation by magnetic stirring in dark. Presently the friction between TiO2 nanoparticles and magnetic stirring rods in water has been deliberately enhanced and explored. As much as 1.00 g TiO2 nanoparticles were dispersed in 50 mL water in 100 mL quartz glass reactor, which got gas-closed with about 50 mL air and a Teflon magnetic stirring rod in it. The suspension in the reactor was magnetically stirred in dark. Flammable gases of 22.00 ppm CO, 2.45 ppm CH4, and 0.75 ppm H2 were surprisingly observed after 50 h of magnetic stirring. For reference, only 1.78 ppm CO, 2.17 ppm CH4, and 0.33 ppm H2 were obtained after the same time of magnetic stirring without TiO2 nanoparticles. Four magnetic stirring rods were simultaneously employed to further enhance the stirring, and as much as 30.04 ppm CO, 2.61 ppm CH4, and 8.98 ppm H2 were produced after 50 h of magnetic stirring. A mechanism for the catalytic role of TiO2 nanoparticles in producing the flammable gases is established, in which mechanical energy is absorbed through friction by TiO2 nanoparticles and converted into chemical energy for the reduction of CO2 and H2O. This finding clearly demonstrates a great potential for nanostructured semiconductors to utilize mechanical energy through friction for the production of flammable gases.

scholarly journals Mechanical energy storage performance of an aluminum fumarate metal–organic framework

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 446-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal G. Yot ◽  
Louis Vanduyfhuys ◽  
Elsa Alvarez ◽  
Julien Rodriguez ◽  
Jean-Paul Itié ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Storage Performance ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

Determination of the mechanical energy storage performance of the aluminum fumarate metal–organic framework A520.

scholarly journals MgSO4·7H2O filled macro cellular foams: An innovative composite sorbent for thermo-chemical energy storage applications for solar buildings

Solar Energy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 1278-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenza Brancato ◽  
Luigi Calabrese ◽  
Valeria Palomba ◽  
Andrea Frazzica ◽  
Margalida Fullana-Puig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Chemical Energy ◽  
Composite Sorbent ◽  
Cellular Foams ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Macro Cellular

Power-to-Fuel and Artificial Photosynthesis for Chemical Energy Storage

2016 ◽  
pp. 493-566
Author(s):  
Albert Tarancón ◽  
Cristian Fábrega ◽  
Alex Morata ◽  
Marc Torrell ◽  
Teresa Andreu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Artificial Photosynthesis ◽  
Chemical Energy

Thermo-mechanical energy harvesting and storage analysis in 0.6BZT-0.4BCT ceramics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyanarayan Patel ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Yashwant Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Energy Storage Density ◽  
Storage Density ◽  
Thermal Energy Harvesting ◽  
Polarization Electric Field ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Olsen Cycle

Present work shows waste energy (thermal/mechanical) harvesting and storage capacity in bulk lead-free ferroelectric 0.6Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3-0.4(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3 (0.6BZT-0.4BCT) ceramics. The thermal energy harvesting is obtained by employing the Olsen cycle under different stress biasing, whereas mechanical energy harvesting calculated using the thermo-mechanical cycle at various temperature biasing. To estimate the energy harvesting polarization-electric field loops were measured as a function of stress and temperatures. The maximum thermal energy harvesting is obtained equal to 158 kJ/m3 when the Olsen cycle operated as 25-81 °C (at contact stress of 5 MPa) and 0.25-2 kV/mm. On the other hand, maximum mechanical energy harvesting is calculated as 158 kJ/m3 when the cycle operated as 5-160 MPa (at a constant temperature of 25 °C) and 0.25-2 kV/mm. It is found that the stress and temperature biasing are not beneficial for thermal and mechanical energy harvesting. Further, a hybrid cycle, where both stress and temperature are varied, is also studied to obtain enhanced energy harvesting. The improved energy conversion potential is found as 221 kJ/m3 when the cycle operated as 25-81 °C, 5-160 MPa and 0.25-2 kV/mm. The energy storage density varies from 43 to 66 kJ/m3 (increase in temperature: 25-81 °C) and 43 to 80 kJ/m3 (increase in stress: 5 to 160 MPa). Also, the pre-stress can be easily implemented on the materials, which improve energy storage density almost 100% by domain pining and ferroelastic switching. The results show that stress confinement can be an effective way to enhance energy storage.

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