An Algorithm for Calculation and Extraction of the Grid Voltage Component

Calculating the values of the parameters of distorted periodic signals in real-time is important for the control of many processes. In particular, this information is necessary for the proper operation of power electronics devices that cooperate with the power grid. In such cases, it is necessary to determine the phase, frequency, and amplitude of the fundamental component of the voltage in the power grid node. Also, in many cases, the control process needs a signal which is synchronised with the power grid voltage. Both processes should be realised in real-time. A number of solutions to the problem of calculating the values of the voltage parameters have been described in the literature. However, these methods generally introduce significant time delays and have several restrictions regarding the variability in the values of these parameters. They also often require the significant computational power of a unit that performs the task of identification. The algorithm presented in this work is based on the properties of a pair of orthogonal signals, generated by a two-dimensional finite impulse response filter, which has a certain transfer function resulting from the needs of the algorithm, what is the innovation of the algorithm. These signals are then used in the program module, which both, calculates, in the time domain, the instantaneous values of the frequency and the amplitude of the fundamental component of the power grid voltage, and generates a signal, being in-phase with this component. The presented algorithm is fast, accurate, and relatively simple; therefore, it does not require a high computational power processor. This algorithm was experimentally verified by implementation in microcomputer-based units, which were then applied in the control systems of the power electronic devices, as well as in analysers of the energy quality.