scholarly journals Carbon-Responsive Computing: Changing the Nexus between Energy and Computing

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6917
Author(s):  
Dawn Nafus ◽  
Eve M. Schooler ◽  
Karly Ann Burch
Keyword(s):  
Data Centers ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Social Studies Of Science ◽  
Decentralized Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
Climate Crisis ◽  
Governance Transparency

While extensive research has gone into demand response techniques in data centers, the energy consumed in edge computing systems and in network data transmission remains a significant part of the computing industry’s carbon footprint. The industry also has not fully leveraged the parallel trend of decentralized renewable energy generation, which creates new areas of opportunity for innovation in combined energy and computing systems. Through an interdisciplinary sociotechnical discussion of current energy, computer science and social studies of science and technology (STS) literature, we argue that a more comprehensive set of carbon response techniques needs to be developed that span the continuum of data centers, from the back-end cloud to the network edge. Such techniques need to address the combined needs of decentralized energy and computing systems, alongside the social power dynamics those combinations entail. We call this more comprehensive range “carbon-responsive computing,” and underscore that this continuum constitutes the beginnings of an interconnected infrastructure, elements of which are data-intensive and require the integration of social science disciplines to adequately address problems of inequality, governance, transparency, and definitions of “necessary” tasks in a climate crisis.

Contracting for Work in Tourism and Catering in Greece: Beyond a State/Market Dichotomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregoris Ioannou
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatial Parameters ◽  
Simple Matrix

Abstract Drawing on a case study of contemporary employment relations in tourism and catering in Greece, this paper seeks to contribute to our empirical understanding of employment law. Which factors determine the ways in which the law is perceived by employers and workers and complied with, breached or avoided? The main argument of the paper is that not only market forces are relevant here; several other factors need to be taken into consideration, which when combined with market forces can re-regulate as well as deregulate the field of employment. These tend to be informal, locally embedded and influenced by wider social relations. By constructing a simple matrix of employment settings based on locale and seasonality on one axis, and size of enterprise and scope of services provided on the other, the paper demonstrates how organisational and spatial parameters and the social environment interact with market forces and legal forces to shape prevailing norms and to influence the behaviour of parties to the contract for work. It further demonstrates that the structuring of the sectoral labour market is a process determined by broader social power dynamics. Beyond serving as part of the context within which contracting for work takes place, legal rules are a resource to be mobilised by both employers and workers.

G-Hadoop: MapReduce across distributed data centers for data-intensive computing

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizhe Wang ◽  
Jie Tao ◽  
Rajiv Ranjan ◽  
Holger Marten ◽  
Achim Streit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Centers ◽  
Distributed Data ◽  
Data Intensive Computing ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Hadoop Mapreduce

scholarly journals Heuristic algorithms for joint optimization of unicast and anycast traffic in elastic optical network–based large–scale computing systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Markowski
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
Data Center ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Heuristic Algorithms ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Approximate Solutions ◽  
Computing Systems ◽  
Large Scale Computing

AbstractIn recent years elastic optical networks have been perceived as a prospective choice for future optical networks due to better adjustment and utilization of optical resources than is the case with traditional wavelength division multiplexing networks. In the paper we investigate the elastic architecture as the communication network for distributed data centers. We address the problems of optimization of routing and spectrum assignment for large-scale computing systems based on an elastic optical architecture; particularly, we concentrate on anycast user to data center traffic optimization. We assume that computational resources of data centers are limited. For this offline problems we formulate the integer linear programming model and propose a few heuristics, including a meta-heuristic algorithm based on a tabu search method. We report computational results, presenting the quality of approximate solutions and efficiency of the proposed heuristics, and we also analyze and compare some data center allocation scenarios.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document