scholarly journals Soil Fungal Community in Norway Spruce Forests under Bark Beetle Attack

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Veselá ◽  
Martina Vašutová ◽  
Magda Edwards-Jonášová ◽  
Pavel Cudlín
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Thelephora Terrestris ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Soil Fungal Community ◽  
Ecm Fungi ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
One Year

Bark beetle infestation is a widespread phenomenon in temperate forests, which are facing significant weather fluctuations accompanying climate change. Fungi play key roles in forest ecosystems as symbionts of ectomycorrhizal trees, decomposers, or parasites, but the effect of severe disturbances on their communities is largely unknown. The responses of soil fungal communities following bark beetle attack were determined using Illumina sequencing of soil samples from 10 microsites in a mature forest not attacked by bark beetle, a forest attacked by bark beetle, a forest destroyed by bark beetle, and a stand where all trees were removed after a windstorm. The proportion of ITS2 sequences assigned to mycorrhizal fungal species decreased with increased intensity of bark beetle attack (from 70 to 15%), whereas the proportion of saprotrophs increased (from 29 to 77%). Differences in the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal community was further characterized by a decrease in the sequence proportion of Elaphomyces sp. and Russula sp. and an increase in Piloderma sp., Wilcoxina sp., and Thelephora terrestris. Interestingly, the species composition of the ECM fungal community in the forest one year after removing the windstorm-damaged trees was similar to that of the mature forest, despite the sequence proportion attributed to ECM fungi decreased.

scholarly journals Late Quaternary climate change explains soil fungal community composition rather than fungal richness in forest ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 6678-6692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niu‐Niu Ji ◽  
Cheng Gao ◽  
Brody Sandel ◽  
Yong Zheng ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Fungal Community Composition ◽  
Quaternary Climate ◽  
Soil Fungal Community ◽  
Soil Fungal Community Composition

Ectomycorrhizal community structure on western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) seedlings transplanted from forests into openings

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 861-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Kranabetter ◽  
J Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Mature Forest ◽  
Rooting Density ◽  
Ecm Fungi ◽  
Forest Openings ◽  
Hyphal Contact ◽  
Species Importance

This study tested whether mature-forest ectomycorrhizal (ECM) communities could be maintained in forest openings on seedlings. Naturally regenerated western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings were transplanted from mature forests into openings and the ECM fungal community was compared after 2 years with similar seedlings planted back into the forests or seedlings from openings planted back into openings. Fewer ECM morphotypes, lower average richness per seedling, and a steeper, less even species distribution curve were found, all of which suggest that the mature-forest ECM fungal community changed after transplanting forest seedlings into the openings. The increased abundance of pioneer fungi such as Thelephora terresteris suggested that many of the mature-forest ECM fungi were unable to maintain or continue root colonization in openings. Results suggest that many mature-forest ECM fungi require further stand development to maintain enough rooting density and hyphal contact to persist.Key words: ectomycorrhizal succession, disturbance, species-importance curves, multistage and late-stage fungi.

scholarly journals Effects of Artificial Defoliation of Pines on the Structure and Physiology of the Soil Fungal Community of a Mixed Pine-Spruce Forest

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1996-2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Cullings ◽  
Christopher Raleigh ◽  
Michael H. New ◽  
Joan Henson
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Filamentous Fungus ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Fungus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Soil Fungal Community

ABSTRACT Loss of photosynthetic area can affect soil microbial communities by altering the availability of fixed carbon. We used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and Biolog filamentous-fungus plates to determine the effects of artificial defoliation of pines in a mixed pine-spruce forest on the composition of the fungal community in a forest soil. As measured by DGGE, two fungal species were affected significantly by the defoliation of pines (P < 0.001); the frequency of members of the ectomycorrhizal fungus genus Cenococcum decreased significantly, while the frequency of organisms of an unidentified soil fungus increased. The decrease in the amount of Cenococcum organisms may have occurred because of the formation of extensive hyphal networks by species of this genus, which require more of the carbon fixed by their host, or because this fungus is dependent upon quantitative differences in spruce root exudates. The defoliation of pines did not affect the overall composition of the soil fungal community or fungal-species richness (number of species per core). Biolog filamentous-fungus plate assays indicated a significant increase (P < 0.001) in the number of carbon substrates utilized by the soil fungi and the rate at which these substrates were used, which could indicate an increase in fungal-species richness. Thus, either small changes in the soil fungal community give rise to significant increases in physiological capabilities or PCR bias limits the reliability of the DGGE results. These data indicate that combined genetic and physiological assessments of the soil fungal community are needed to accurately assess the effect of disturbance on indigenous microbial systems.

scholarly journals Fungal Community Shifts in Structure and Function across a Boreal Forest Fire Chronosequence

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (22) ◽  
pp. 7869-7880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Sun ◽  
Minna Santalahti ◽  
Jukka Pumpanen ◽  
Kajar Köster ◽  
Frank Berninger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Fire Disturbance ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Soil Fungal Community ◽  
Ecm Fungi ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTForest fires are a common natural disturbance in forested ecosystems and have a large impact on the microbial communities in forest soils. The response of soil fungal communities to forest fire is poorly documented. Here, we investigated fungal community structure and function across a 152-year boreal forest fire chronosequence using high-throughput sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and a functional gene array (GeoChip). Our results demonstrate that the boreal forest soil fungal community was most diverse soon after a fire disturbance and declined over time. The differences in the fungal communities were explained by changes in the abundance of basidiomycetes and ascomycetes. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi contributed to the increase in basidiomycete abundance over time, with the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) representing the generaCortinariusandPilodermadominating in abundance. Hierarchical cluster analysis by using gene signal intensity revealed that the sites with different fire histories formed separate clusters, suggesting differences in the potential to maintain essential biogeochemical soil processes. The site with the greatest biological diversity had also the most diverse genes. The genes involved in organic matter degradation in the mature forest, in which ECM fungi were the most abundant, were as common in the youngest site, in which saprotrophic fungi had a relatively higher abundance. This study provides insight into the impact of fire disturbance on soil fungal community dynamics.

scholarly journals Soil Fungal Community Responses to the Silver Nanoparticles Contamination as Assessed by Illumina Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
Hartati Oktarina ◽  
Ian Singleton
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Soil Community ◽  
Soil Fungal Community ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing

The increasing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) due to its excellent antimicrobial activity in commercial products prompting concerns about their fate in the environment. The toxicity of AgNPs is mainly the result of Ag+ ions. In this study, soil was experimentally contaminated with 100 mg kg-1 of AgNO3 to investigate its effect on fungal soil community. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from the soil was extracted at the 6th, 12th, and 24th month of observation and assessed by Illumina Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The results show that, the pollutant change fungal community in soil. After 12 months incubated the number of fungal species in the soil reduced significantly and 40% of the community was dominated by one species.

The influence of forest surroundings on the soil fungal community of black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 469 ◽  
pp. 118199
Author(s):  
Daniel Oliach ◽  
Carlos Colinas ◽  
Carles Castaño ◽  
Christine R. Fischer ◽  
Francesc Bolaño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Tuber Melanosporum ◽  
Black Truffle ◽  
Soil Fungal Community

scholarly journals Effects of Forest Age on Soil Fungal Community in a Northern Temperate Ecosystem

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhiguang ◽  
Sui Xin ◽  
Li Mengsha
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Forest Age ◽  
Soil Fungal Community

Effects of continuous cucumber cropping on crop quality and soil fungal community

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaining Sun ◽  
Longyun Fu ◽  
Yang Song ◽  
Liang Yuan ◽  
Haoran Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Community ◽  
Crop Quality ◽  
Soil Fungal Community

scholarly journals Changes in a Primary Resistance Parameter of Lodgepole Pine to Bark Beetle Attack One Year Following Fertilization and Thinning

Forests ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 280-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Cook ◽  
Amy Carroll ◽  
Mark Kimsey ◽  
Terry Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Resistance Parameter ◽  
One Year
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