The influence of growth regulators on the quality of the harvest of grapes varieties Moskovskij ustojchivyj and Khasansky Bousa in the conditions of Moscow

The article presents the results of studying the influence of growth regulators on the quality of the grape harvest of varieties of interspecific variety Moskovsky ustojchivyj (Skuin 675) and Khasansky Bousa when growing them in Moscow. An assessment of the quality of the crop was carried out when using shock freezing as a processing of fruit and berry raw materials, which makes it possible to obtain a well-preserved, transportable and not losing its properties product. Keywords: GRAPES, GROWTH REGULATORS, CROP QUALITY, TOTAL SUGARS, SHOCK FREEZING, CRYOPRESERVATION

Farmland and Crop Quality Improvement for Heavy Metals Based on Six Sigma

Scientific methodology of soil and farmland health management and crop quality improvement is urgent to set up. Our objective was to recognize and sweep away the choke point and improve the farmland health course by applying the philosophy and method of six sigma. Farmland and crop quality improvement for heavy metals belongs to Systems Engineering. SIPOC flux of heavy metals indicates the key process by causal factor analysis through quantitative way. Multi-source and multi-scale data suggest that key process of performance is source control. Measurement processes analyse data and eliminate root causes to improve sigma levels. The study was conducted on farmland and crop health management with concern at the inputs and mechanism that had choke point and high defect rate. DMAIC of sources and exports of cd in the soil will improve and control the Quality of crop and farmland. The premise of implementing six sigma is that the chosen metrics are measurable and effective, but we find a lack of good correlation between terminal index and intermediate index in heavy metal pollution. Suggestion is as follows: Big data could be shared and processed intelligently; policy and culture to pollution-free is more important to farmland and crop health by six sigma.

Human Waste Substitute Strategies Enhanced Crop Yield, Crop Quality, and Soil Fertility in Vegetable Cultivation Soils in North China

Replacing chemical fertilizers with human waste for vegetable planting is a traditional, economical, and environmentally friendly waste resource utilization strategy. However, whether the human waste substitute strategy can improve soil fertility and increase crop yield and quality compared to the simple application of chemical fertilizers is still unclear, especially under acidic and alkaline soil conditions. In this study, we studied the effects of different ratios of human waste (urine and feces) to chemical fertilizer on the crop yield, crop quality, soil fertility, and soil chemical parameters in alkaline Cambisols and acidic Alisols cultivated with water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.). The application variants of human waste and chemical fertilizer were as follows: (i) Control, no fertilization (CK), (ii) human waste application (HW), (iii) chemical fertilizer application (CF), (iv) 1/3 human waste to chemical fertilizer (P1), and (v) 2/3 human waste to chemical fertilizer (P2). Human waste application increased the total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, NO3−-N, and conductivity in soil, enhanced soil enzyme activity, slowed down soil acidification, and increased the yield, soluble sugar, and vitamin C contents of the water spinach while reducing its nitrate content. Our findings indicate that human waste substitution improved soil fertility while reducing the potential risks of soil acidification, salinization, and human exposure to nitrates. These findings may be applied to increase vegetable production and quality, improve the soil environment, and increase the utilization of human waste as a valuable resource.

Recent advancements on use of CRISPR /Cas9 in maize yield and quality improvement

CRISPR/Cas is a genome editing technique, permits accurate improvement of fiscally significant yield species by transgenic and non-transgenic strategies. We have reviewed CRISPR/Cas9 with or without DNA solution design in both maize as samples to redesign tolerance against dry season obstruction, improving seed’s oil contents production, and a gift of herbicide strength. Fundamentally, by exploiting the technologies of CRISPR/Cas9, development with late advances in plant tissue culture can be brought directly into monetarily significant genotypes. The various crop species are major agricultural products and play an indispensable role in sustaining human life. Over a long period, breeders strove to increase crop yield and improve quality through traditional breeding strategies. Today, many breeders have achieved remarkable results using modern molecular technologies. Recently, a new gene-editing system named the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats CRISPR/Cas9 technology has also improved crop quality. It has become the most popular tool for crop improvement due to its versatility. It has accelerated crop breeding progress by its precision in specific gene editing. This review summarizes the current application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in crop quality improvement. It includes the modulation in appearance, palatability, nutritional components, and other preferred traits of various crops. Assortment created through such CRISPR/Cas9 engaged advanced raising procedures can be muddled from the regularly happening assortment and appropriately should be quickly open for commercialization.