scholarly journals Nitrate Modulates Lateral Root Formation by Regulating the Auxin Response and Transport in Rice

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Bobo Wang ◽  
Xiuli Zhu ◽  
Xiaoli Guo ◽  
Xuejiao Qi ◽  
Fan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Lateral Root Formation ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exogenous Auxin ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
Auxin Efflux Carrier

Nitrate (NO3-) plays a pivotal role in stimulating lateral root (LR) formation and growth in plants. However, the role of NO3- in modulating rice LR formation and the signalling pathways involved in this process remain unclear. Phenotypic and genetic analyses of rice were used to explore the role of strigolactones (SLs) and auxin in NO3--modulated LR formation in rice. Compared with ammonium (NH4+), NO3- stimulated LR initiation due to higher short-term root IAA levels. However, this stimulation vanished after 7 d, and the LR density was reduced, in parallel with the auxin levels. Application of the exogenous auxin α-naphthylacetic acid to NH4+-treated rice plants promoted LR initiation to levels similar to those under NO3- at 7 d; conversely, the application of the SL analogue GR24 to NH4+-treated rice inhibited LR initiation to levels similar to those under NO3- supply by reducing the root auxin levels at 14 d. D10 and D14 mutations caused loss of sensitivity of the LR formation response to NO3-. The application of NO3- and GR24 downregulated the transcription of PIN-FORMED 2(PIN2), an auxin efflux carrier in roots. LR number and density in pin2 mutant lines were insensitive to NO3- treatment. These results indicate that NO3- modulates LR formation by affecting the auxin response and transport in rice, with the involvement of SLs.

scholarly journals Multiple AUX/IAA–ARF modules regulate lateral root formation: the role of Arabidopsis SHY2/IAA3-mediated auxin signalling

2012 ◽  
Vol 367 (1595) ◽  
pp. 1461-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuaki Goh ◽  
Hiroyuki Kasahara ◽  
Tetsuro Mimura ◽  
Yuji Kamiya ◽  
Hidehiro Fukaki
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Auxin Response ◽  
Cell Specification ◽  
Asymmetric Cell Divisions ◽  
Auxin Signalling ◽  
Lateral Organ ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

In Arabidopsis thaliana , lateral root (LR) formation is regulated by multiple auxin/indole-3-acetic acid (Aux/IAA)–AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) modules: (i) the IAA28–ARFs module regulates LR founder cell specification; (ii) the SOLITARY-ROOT (SLR)/IAA14–ARF7–ARF19 module regulates nuclear migration and asymmetric cell divisions of the LR founder cells for LR initiation; and (iii) the BODENLOS/IAA12–MONOPTEROS/ARF5 module also regulates LR initiation and organogenesis. The number of Aux/IAA–ARF modules involved in LR formation remains unknown. In this study, we isolated the shy2-101 mutant, a gain-of-function allele of short hypocotyl2/suppressor of hy2 ( shy2 ) /iaa3 in the Columbia accession. We demonstrated that the shy2-101 mutation not only strongly inhibits LR primordium development and emergence but also significantly increases the number of LR initiation sites with the activation of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN16/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE18 , a target gene of the SLR/IAA14–ARF7–ARF19 module. Genetic analysis revealed that enhanced LR initiation in shy2-101 depended on the SLR/IAA14–ARF7–ARF19 module. We also showed that the shy2 roots contain higher levels of endogenous IAA. These observations indicate that the SHY2/IAA3–ARF-signalling module regulates not only LR primordium development and emergence after SLR/IAA14–ARF7–ARF19 module-dependent LR initiation but also inhibits LR initiation by affecting auxin homeostasis, suggesting that multiple Aux/IAA–ARF modules cooperatively regulate the developmental steps during LR formation.

scholarly journals To branch or not to branch: the role of pre-patterning in lateral root formation

Development ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 140 (21) ◽  
pp. 4301-4310 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Van Norman ◽  
W. Xuan ◽  
T. Beeckman ◽  
P. N. Benfey
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Lateral Root Formation

scholarly journals OsTCP19 influences developmental and abiotic stress signaling by modulatingABI4-mediated pathways

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradipto Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Akhilesh Kumar Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Root ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Developmental Pathways ◽  
Stress Signaling ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Lateral Root Formation ◽  
Rice Gene ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene

Abstract Class-I TCP transcription factors are plant-specific developmental regulators. Inthis study, the role of one such rice gene, OsTCP19, in water-deficit andsalt stress response was explored. Besides a general upregulation by abioticstresses, this transcript was more abundant in tolerant than sensitive ricegenotypes during early hours of stress. Stress, tissue and genotype-dependentretention of a small in-frame intron in this transcript was also observed.Overexpression of OsTCP19 in Arabidopsis caused upregulation ofIAA3, ABI3 and ABI4 and downregulation of LOX2, andled to developmental abnormalities like fewer lateral root formation. Moreover,decrease in water loss and reactive oxygen species and hyperaccumulation of lipiddroplets in the transgenics contributed to better stress tolerance both duringseedling establishment and in mature plants. OsTCP19 was also shown to directlyregulate a rice triacylglycerol biosynthesis gene in transient assays. Genes similarto those up- or downregulated in the transgenics were accordingly found to coexpresspositively and negatively with OsTCP19 in Rice Oligonucleotide ArrayDatabase. Interactions of OsTCP19 with OsABI4 and OsULT1 further suggest itsfunction in modulation of abscisic acid pathways and chromatin structure. Thus,OsTCP19 appears to be an important node in cell signaling whichcrosslinks stress and developmental pathways.

Cobalt chloride-induced lateral root formation in rice: The role of heme oxygenase

2013 ◽  
Vol 170 (12) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Yen Hsu ◽  
Yun-Yang Chao ◽  
Ching Huei Kao
Keyword(s):  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Cobalt Chloride ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Lateral Root Formation
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