Genetic and Proteomic Basis of Sclerotinia Stem Rot Resistance in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]

Sclerotinia stem rot is one of the utmost important disease of mustard, causing considerable losses in seed yield and oil quality. The study of the genetic and proteomic basis of resistance to this disease is imperative for its effective utilization in developing resistant cultivars. Therefore, the genetic pattern of Sclerotinia stem rot resistance in Indian mustard was studied using six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1, and BC1P2) developed from the crossing of one resistant (RH 1222-28) and two susceptible (EC 766300 and EC 766123) genotypes. Genetic analysis revealed that resistance was governed by duplicate epistasis. Comparative proteome analysis of resistant and susceptible genotypes indicated that peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (A0A078IDN6 PPIase) showed high expression in resistant genotype at the early infection stage while its expression was delayed in susceptible genotypes. This study provides important insight to mustard breeders for designing effective breeding programs to develop resistant cultivars against this devastating disease.

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Host resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot in historic and current Brassica napus and B. juncea varieties: critical management implications

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp15064 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (8) ◽

pp. 841 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Margaret B. Uloth ◽

Ming Pei You ◽

Martin J. Barbetti

Keyword(s):

Host Resistance ◽

Histological Study ◽

Cortical Cell ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Lesion Length ◽

Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

High Level

Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is an important disease of oilseed brassicas, yet the susceptibility of Australian varieties is unknown. Fifty-five historic, current and potential new Australian canola and mustard varieties were field-screened to determine their relative levels of resistance to SSR. Mean lesion length following stem inoculation with a highly virulent isolate (MBRS1) of the prevailing S. sclerotiorum pathotype (76) ranged from 3.0 mm in the B. napus cultivar Mystic to 202.6 mm (P < 0.001). Three recently developed B. juncea varieties or breeding lines, Sahara, JB0T-908982 and Xceed X121 CL, were extremely susceptible to S. sclerotiorum (mean lesion lengths 90.6, 132.3 and 202.6 mm, respectively). Histological study showed that the high level of resistance in Mystic was associated with strong deposition of lignin in stem cortical cell walls to form a barrier between the invading pathogen and the vascular tissues. Lack of association between mean lesion length and the year of varietal release (R2 = 0.005) shows that there has been no improvement in level of resistance to SSR in Australian canola and mustard varieties over the last two decades. Although the very high susceptibility of a few B. juncea varieties demonstrated the value of SSR resistance present in B. napus varieties, this level of resistance is inadequate to prevent ongoing, severe yield losses from SSR under conditions conducive for disease development. Breeding programs can immediately utilise the SSR resistance in Mystic, and other recently identified resistances. This will enable a shift from the current dependence on fungicidal control to reliance on cost-effective, sustainable host resistance as the basis for better management of SSR.

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STUDIES ON FIELD EVALUATION OF BRASSICA GERMPLASM/VARIETIES AGAINST SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM UNDER INOCULATED CONDITION

FLORA AND FAUNA ◽

10.33451/florafauna.v23i1pp87-89 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

Author(s):

PRAMOD KUMAR FATEHPURIA ◽

RAJNI S. SASODE ◽

DEVASHISH R. CHOBE ◽

VEERENDRA GUPTA ◽

REETI SINGH

Keyword(s):

Plant Pathology ◽

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Block Design ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Field Evaluation ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽

College Of Agriculture ◽

Centre Of Origin ◽

Sclerotinia Blight

Indian mustard, Brassica juncea belong to Brassicaceae and Centre of origin Mideterian. Sclerotinia stem rot/ blight caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most important fungal diseases in rapeseed and other crops in the world. The present study was undertaken to access the forty seven germplasm/varieties to find out the resistance against S. sclerotiorum under inoculated condition. The reaction of forty-seven germplasm was evaluated in randomized complete block design with thrice replications at the experimental field, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Gwalior during Rabi season 2014-15 and laboratory work was done in the Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Gwalior (M.P.). Observations for severity of stem rot on main stem were recorded after 120 days of sowing using 0 - 4 scale. (Assessment scale 0-4 where 0 = no disease (resistance), 1 = less than half stem girdled (moderate resistance), 2 = more than half stem girdled (susceptible), 3 = whole stem girdled (moderate susceptible), 4 = plant dead (highly suscepitble). Forty-seven germplasm/varieties were evaluated for their reaction against Sclerotinia blight (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum). Out of forty seven germplasm / varieties, tested two Cultivar SBG-14-5 and SBG-14- 6 gave highly resistance reactions, while twenty six varieties are found resistant SBG-14-2, SBG-14-3, SBG-14-4, SBG-14-7, SBG-14-8, SBG-14-9, SBG-14-10, SBG-14-11, SBG-14-13, SBG14-15, SBG-14-17, SBG-14-18, SBG-14-23, SBG-14-27, SBG-14-28, SBG-14-30, SBG-14-31, SBG-14-32, SBG-14-33, SBG-14-34, SBG-14-35, SBG-14-36, SBG- 14-41, SBG-14-42, NDNSR-14-76, NDNSR-14-77, twelve varieties are found susceptible SBG-14-1, SBG-14-12, SBG- 14-14, SBG-14-16, SBG-14-21, SBG-14-22, SBG-14-24, SBG-14-26, SBG-14-29, SBG-14-37, SBG-14-39, SBG-14-40 and seven varieties SBG-14-19, SBG-14-20, SBG-14-25, SBG-14-38, Varuna, Rohini and BIOYSR were found highly susceptible against Sclerotinia blight (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum).

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Effects of fertilizers and soil amendments on the incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

African Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.5897/ajmr2014.7021 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (42) ◽

pp. 3650-3655

Author(s):

Kishan Bairwa Shri ◽

Lal Godara Shankar ◽

Meena Susheela ◽

Kumar Jatav Narendra ◽

Chand Bairwa Ramesh

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Soil Amendments ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Sclerotinia Stem Rot

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Biochemical factors and enzymes governing resistance in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) against Sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum)

African Journal of Microbiology Research ◽

10.5897/ajmr2014.6952 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (36) ◽

pp. 3295-3306

Author(s):

Kishan Bairwa Shri ◽

Lal Godara Shankar ◽

Kumar Pardeep ◽

Chand Bairwa Ramesh ◽

Gangopadhyay Samiran

Keyword(s):

Brassica Juncea ◽

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Sclerotinia Stem Rot

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Efficacy of Micro-Nutrients, Fungicides and Bio-Agents against Sclerotinia Stem Rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of Indian Mustard

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.076 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 620-626

Author(s):

Pankaj Sharma ◽

P.D. Meena ◽

Subaran Singh ◽

P.K. Rai

Keyword(s):

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Sclerotinia Stem Rot

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Evaluation of Resistance, Enzymatic Response, and Phenolic Compounds in Roots of F1 Cucumber Hybrids to Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Radicis-Cucumerinum

Journal of Horticultural Research ◽

10.1515/johr-2017-0012 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 117-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ecehagh Moghbeli ◽

Seyed Hossein Nemati ◽

Hossein Aroiee ◽

Jamal-Ali Olfati

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Crop Production ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Cucumis Sativus L ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Resistant Cultivars ◽

The World ◽

Soluble Peroxidase

AbstractCucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is widely cultivated in many parts of the world. Its production is significantly affected by Fusarium root and stem rot, which is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum, a major disease of cucumber in some regions. Most of the management programs for the control of Fusarium root and stem rot are not successful; therefore, growing resistant cultivars may be the best solution. Use of disease-resistant cultivars is a key to environmentally friendly and economically sustainable disease control in modern crop production. To find resistance sources, 10 F1cucumber hybrids were screened against F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum. Total phenolic content (PC), soluble peroxidase (POX), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were evaluated at 0, 4, and 8 days after inoculation. Significant differences were observed between resistant and susceptible genotypes in increase of total PCs and enzymatic activities at fourth day after inoculation. These findings can be used in breeding programs of cucumber aiming at creating F1cultivars resistant to Fusarium root and stem rot.

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Identification of Brassica napus Lines with Partial Resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-2010-0422-01-rs ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. D. Khot ◽

V. N. Bilgi ◽

L. E. del Río ◽

C. A. Bradley

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Partial Resistance ◽

Plant Introduction ◽

Field Resistance ◽

Causal Agent ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽

Breeding Programs ◽

Research Studies

A collection of Brassica napus plant introduction (PI) lines was evaluated in a series of research trials to identify lines with resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, causal agent of Sclerotinia stem rot of canola. Five PI lines (169080, 286418, 436554, 458940, and 633119) were identified that consistently had SSR resistance levels equal to or greater than the partially resistant check cultivar Hyola 357. In addition, two of these lines (436554 and 458940) were found to exhibit SSR field resistance levels similar to Hyola 357. The PI lines identified from our research studies could be used in canola breeding programs to develop cultivars with improved resistance to S. sclerotiorum. Accepted for publication 21 February 2011. Published 22 April 2011.

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Evaluation of fungicides for the control of Sclerotinia stem rot of Indian mustard caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v8i1.813 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 441-444

Author(s):

Rakesh Rakesh ◽

A.S. Rathi ◽

Anil Kumar ◽

Hawa Singh

Keyword(s):

Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Untreated Control ◽

Mycelial Growth ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Indian Mustard ◽

Stem Rot ◽

Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽

Foliar Sprays

The current investigation was carried out under -in vitro and under sick plot conditions of the Department of Plant Pathology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar to test the efficacy of different fungicides against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The experiment was carried out through poison food technique under in vitro conditions andthrough foliar sprays under sick plot conditions. Efficacy of fungicides in vitro against S. sclerotiorum showed that carbendazim and hexaconazole completely inhibited mycelial growth up to 100 per cent at 50 ppm concentration. Propiconazole inhibited 96.39 per cent mycelial growth at 50 ppm and 100 per cent at 1000 ppm, while tricyclazole failed to inhibit mycelial growth up to 100 ppm, however, at 1000 ppm concentration, there was 100 per cent mycelial inhibition. Mancozeb and captan completely inhibited up to 100 per cent mycelial growth at 500 ppm concentration. Copper oxychloride and pencycuron were not effective at lower concentrations but had inhibited 45.28 and 22.50 per cent mycelial growth at 1000 ppm. Field experiment was conducted to test the efficacy of those fungicides which were found best under in vitro conditions. All the four fungicides tested significantly controlled Sclerotinia stem rot disease and increased the seed yield as compared to untreated control. Two Foliar sprays with hexaconazole @ 0.05% at 45 and 60 days after sowing was found most effective in controlling disease incidence up to 78.3 per cent and increasing seed yield up to 37.6 per cent as compared to untreated control.

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