scholarly journals Consumption of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide through Weathering of Ultramafic Rocks in the Voltri Massif (Italy): Quantification of the Process and Global Implications

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Francesco Frondini ◽  
Orlando Vaselli ◽  
Marino Vetuschi Zuccolini
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Ultramafic Rocks ◽  
Co2 Consumption ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon ◽  
Good Proxy

Chemical weathering is the main natural mechanism limiting the atmospheric carbon dioxide levels on geologic time scales (>1 Ma) but its role on shorter time scales is still debated, highlighting the need for an increase of knowledge about the relationships between chemical weathering and atmospheric CO2 consumption. A reliable approach to study the weathering reactions is the quantification of the mass fluxes in and out of mono lithology watershed systems. In this work the chemical weathering and atmospheric carbon dioxide consumption of ultramafic rocks have been studied through a detailed geochemical mass balance of three watershed systems located in the metaophiolitic complex of the Voltri Massif (Italy). Results show that the rates of carbon dioxide consumption of the study area (weighted average = 3.02 ± 1.67 × 105 mol km−2 y−1) are higher than the world average CO2 consumption rate and are well correlated with runoff, probably the stronger weathering controlling factor. Computed values are very close to the global average of basic and ultrabasic magmatic rocks, suggesting that Voltri Massif is a good proxy for the study of the feedbacks between chemical weathering, CO2 consumption, and climate change at a global scale.

scholarly journals Chemical weathering and consumption of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the Alpine region

2016 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 65-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Donnini ◽  
Francesco Frondini ◽  
Jean-Luc Probst ◽  
Anne Probst ◽  
Carlo Cardellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Alpine Region ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

scholarly journals Enhanced chemical weathering as a geoengineering strategy to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide, supply nutrients, and mitigate ocean acidification

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Hartmann ◽  
A. Joshua West ◽  
Phil Renforth ◽  
Peter Köhler ◽  
Christina L. De La Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

scholarly journals Airborne Testing of 2-μm Pulsed IPDA Lidar for Active Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Tamer F. Refaat ◽  
Mulugeta Petros ◽  
Charles W. Antill ◽  
Upendra N. Singh ◽  
Yonghoon Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relative Accuracy ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon

The capability of an airborne 2-μm integrated path differential absorption (IPDA) lidar for high-accuracy and high-precision active remote sensing of weighted-average column dry-air volume mixing ratio of atmospheric carbon dioxide (XCO2) is demonstrated. A test flight was conducted over the costal oceanic region of the USA to assess instrument performance during severe weather. The IPDA targets CO2 R30 absorption line using high-energy 2-μm laser transmitter. HgCdTe avalanche photodiode detection system is used in the receiver. Updated instrument model included range correction factor to account for platform attitude. Error budget for XCO2 retrieval predicts lower random error for longer sensing column length. Systematic error is dominated by water vapor (H2O) through dry-air number density derivation, followed by H2O interference and ranging related uncertainties. IPDA XCO2 retrieval results in 404.43 ± 1.23 ppm, as compared to 405.49 ± 0.01 ppm from prediction models, using consistent reflectivity and steady elevation oceanic surface target. This translates to 0.26% and 0.30% relative accuracy and precision, respectively. During gradual spiral descend, IPDA results in 404.89 ± 1.19 ppm as compared model of 404.75 ± 0.73 ppm indicating 0.04% and 0.23% relative accuracy, respectively. Challenging cloud targets limited retrieval accuracy and precision to 2.56% and 4.78%, respectively, due to H2O and ranging errors.

scholarly journals Rapid response of silicate weathering rates to climate change in the Himalaya

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Dosseto ◽  
Nathalie Vigier ◽  
Renaud Joannes-Boyau ◽  
Ian Moffat ◽  
Tejpal Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Tight Coupling ◽  
Weathering Rates ◽  
Fluvial Terraces ◽  
Physical Erosion ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon ◽  
Earth’S Climate

Chemical weathering of continental rocks plays a central role in regulating the carbon cycle and the Earth’s climate (Walker et al., 1981; Berner et al., 1983), accounting for nearly half the consumption of atmospheric carbon dioxide globally (Beaulieu et al., 2012). However, the role of climate variability on chemical weathering is still strongly debated. Here we focus on the Himalayan range and use the lithium isotopic composition of clays in fluvial terraces to show a tight coupling between climate change and chemical weathering over the past 40 ka. Between 25 and 10 ka ago, weathering rates decrease despite temperature increase and monsoon intensification. This suggests that at this timescale, temperature plays a secondary role compared to runoff and physical erosion, which inhibit chemical weathering by accel-erating sediment transport and act as fundamental controls in determining the feedback between chemical weathering and atmospheric carbon dioxide.

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