scholarly journals Infections Are a very Dangerous Affair: Enterobiasis and Death

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1641
Author(s):  
Gelsomina Mansueto ◽  
Mariavictoria De De Simone ◽  
Paola Ciamarra ◽  
Emanuele Capasso ◽  
Alessandro Feola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
White Male ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Forensic Autopsy ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Male Inmate ◽  
Common Infectious Disease ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

Background: Enterobiasis or oxyuriasis from Enterobius vermicularis is an infection usually localized in the large bowel and cecum. Generally, the symptoms are characterized by anal itching, and intestinal or nervous disorders. Rarely, it is responsible for death. Methods: A forensic autopsy of a 52-year-old white male inmate who died 5 days after hospitalization was performed. Histological and toxicological analyses were also performed. Results: The death occurred by localization of Enterobius vermicularis in the duodenum and in the proximal ileum, with intestinal haemorrhage, inflammation, and peritonitis documented by histological examination. Conclusion: This is a common infectious disease, and can rarely occur with a fatal outcome, even in advanced populations. The lack of knowledge related to the rarity of death from enterobiasis disease can determine a dangerous concern.

scholarly journals Fulminant Necrotising Amoebic Colitis of Whole of Large Bowel: A Rare Complication of a Common Infectious Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohd Yasir Beg ◽  
Lovenish Bains ◽  
Ratnesh Mahajan ◽  
Pawan Lal ◽  
Sharmana Choudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Large Bowel ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Common Infectious Disease ◽  
Amoebic Colitis ◽  
History Of

Background. Fulminant necrotising amoebic colitis (FulNAC) is an uncommon and grave complication of a very common infectious disease widely prevalent in tropical countries. In most of the cases reported, only a segment of large bowel was gangrenous. The involvement of the whole of the large bowel, as in our case, is very rare and has very high mortality ranging from 55% to 100%. Case Summary. A 50-year-old gentleman presented with an acute abdomen with a history of crampy abdominal pain and passage of blood mixed with mucous and loose stools. After resuscitation and investigations, the patient was taken up for laparotomy and the findings showed that the caecum was sloughed off and the entire large bowel had multiple perforations. Subtotal colectomy with ileostomy was performed. Histopathological examination showed evidence of pancolitis with multiple colonies of amoebic trophozoites. Discussion. Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoon that affects the large intestine and liver in humans. There can be various presentations of amoebiasis: asymptomatic infection (90%), symptomatic noninvasive infection (6–8%), acute amoebic colitis (dysentery), or fulminant colitis with perforation. FulNAC is an uncommon complication, difficult to diagnose and treat, and associated with a high mortality rate, ranging from 55% to 100%. Conclusion. It is important to consider the possibility of fulminant necrotising amoebic colitis (FulNAC) as an uncommon and fatal complication of amoebiasis, especially in tropical countries, where amoebiasis is prevalent. Early diagnosis and antiamoebic treatment, along with urgent aggressive surgical resection of the involved segment and exteriorization of the proximal and distal bowel ends, are shown to reduce mortality.

scholarly journals Non-specific effects of rabies vaccine on the incidence of common infectious disease episodes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryn Knobel ◽  
Christianah Ibironke Odita ◽  
Anne Conan ◽  
Donna Barry ◽  
Marshalette Smith-Anthony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Common Infectious Disease

scholarly journals A Case Report of Splenic Tuberculous Abscess

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Sah ◽  
Bhawesh Thapa ◽  
Samrat Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Case Report ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Positive Patient ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Antitubercular Treatment ◽  
Common Infectious Disease ◽  
Tuberculous Abscess ◽  
Splenic Tuberculosis ◽  
South Asian Region

Tuberculosis is a common infectious disease in South-Asian region which can involve different organs. Splenic tuberculosis is a rare clinical entity. Here we report a case of tuberculous abscess of spleen in a 72 year old diabetic male. It was disseminated type, it was confirmed by ultrasonography guided aspiration of abscess for gene x-pert test, which was positive. Patient was given antitubercular treatment after the confirmation of the diagnosis and is improving with given treatment.  

scholarly journals Primary Lymphangioma of the Tonsil: A Case Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios G. Balatsouras ◽  
Alexandros Fassolis ◽  
George Koukoutsis ◽  
Panayotis Ganelis ◽  
Antonis Kaberos
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
White Male ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
The Right

Benign tumors of the tonsils occur infrequently. Lymphangiomas are rare congenital tumors of the lymphatic system, and tonsillar lymphangioma is an extremely rare occurrence. Its pathogenesis is uncertain, but history, clinical examination, and histological examination should establish the diagnosis. We present a 17-year-old white male with lymphangioma of the right tonsil. The tonsils were excised and biopsy confirmed the diagnosis. Tonsillar lymphangioma is a rare clinical entity, which should be known to the otolaryngologist, in order to diagnose and treat it appropriately and avoid confusion with tonsillar malignancies.

scholarly journals Fever in Children - an Assessment of Validity by a Shewhart Model in a Syndromic Surveillance System in China

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Changming Zhou ◽  
Huijian Cheng ◽  
Genming Zhao ◽  
Qi Zhao ◽  
Biao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Syndromic Surveillance System ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Shewhart Chart ◽  
Common Infectious Disease ◽  
Report System

The objective is to evaluate the validity of the signals generated by Shewhart chart to detect the increase in febrile children with patients with common infectious diseases. There were 28,049 and 42,029 reports for febrile patients in the two study counties during the 2-year period. The sensitivity were 29.03% and 34.78%. The PPVs were 64.29% and 53.33%. The sensitivity of signals in the syndromic surveillance system was low using the Shewhart model while the PPV was relatively high which suggested that this syndromic surveillance system had potential ability to supplement conventional case report system in detecting common infectious disease outbreaks.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: a migratory cohort study of US Marines who train in Australia

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e050330
Author(s):  
Alyssa Chan-Cuzydlo ◽  
Dustin J Harrison ◽  
Brian L Pike ◽  
Bart J Currie ◽  
Mark Mayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
White Male ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Specimen Collection ◽  
Australian Defence Force ◽  
Warrant Officers ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
Written Informed Consent

PurposeIn 2012, US Marines and Sailors began annual deployments to Australia to participate in joint training exercises with the Australian Defence Force and other partners in the region. During their training, US service members are exposed to a variety of infectious disease threats not normally encountered by American citizens. This paper describes a cohort of US Marines and Sailors enrolled during five rotations to Australia between 2016 and 2020.ParticipantsStudy participation is strictly voluntary. Group informational sessions are held prior to deployment to describe the study structure and goals, as well as the infectious disease threats that participants may encounter while in Australia. All participants provided written informed consent. Consented participants complete a pre-deployment questionnaire to collect data including basic demographic information, military occupational specialty, travel history, family history, basic health status and personal habits such as alcohol consumption. Blood is collected for serum, plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) processing. Data and specimen collection is repeated up to three times: before, during and after deployment.Findings to dateFrom the five rotations that comprised the 2016–2020 Marine Rotational Force-Darwin, we enrolled 1289 volunteers. Enrolments during this period were overwhelmingly white male under the age of 24 years. Most of the enrollees were junior enlisted and non-commissioned officers, with a smaller number of staff non-commissioned officers and commissioned officers, and minimal warrant officers. Over half of the enrollees had occupational specialty designations for infantry.Future plansIn the future, we will screen samples for serological evidence of infection with Burkholderia pseudomallei, Coxiella burnetii, Ross River virus, SARS-CoV-2 and other operationally relevant pathogens endemic in Australia. Antigenic stimulation assays will be performed on PBMCs collected from seropositive individuals to characterise the immune response to these infections in this healthy American population.

scholarly journals Prevalensi Otitis Media Akut di RS Islam Siti Rahmah Padang Tahun 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Delpi Yuniarti ◽  
Seres Triola ◽  
Betty Fitriyasti
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Common Infectious Disease

Acute Otitis Media (OMA) is an acute inflammation of the middle ear that lasts less than three weeks. OMA is a common infectious disease at an early age and is a common reason for treatment. This infectious disease can be caused by many factors. This study aims to determine the prevalence of acute otitis media at Siti Rahmah Islamic Hospital in Padang. Method This type of research is descriptive retrospective using secondary data in the form of medical records. The study was conducted from July 2018 - January 2019 in the ENT section of the Siti Rahmah Islamic Hospital in Padang. The research subjects were 63 patients with Acute Otitis Media. This study reports the frequency distribution of research characteristics such as age, sex, stage, and infected ears. The result of this study report the prevalence of 63 patients with Acute Otitis Media. Based on age, the majority suffered at the age of five as many as 12 cases (19%). Based on gender, the majority of women suffered 35 cases (55.6%). Based on the stage, the most cases were at the stage of hyperemia 31 cases (49.2%). Based on the infected ear, the most cases were unilateral in 61 cases (96.8%). In this study the prevalence of acute otitis media in patients aged 0-5 years, female, hyperemic stage and unilateral infected ears were found.

scholarly journals Non-specific effects of rabies vaccine on the incidence of common infectious disease episodes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryn Knobel ◽  
Christianah Ibironke Odita ◽  
Anne Conan ◽  
Donna Barry ◽  
Marshalette Smith-Antony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Rabies Vaccine ◽  
Study Endpoint ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Group Participant ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Common Infectious Disease ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Abstract Background: Vaccines may cause non-specific effects (NSEs) on morbidity and mortality through immune-mediated mechanisms that are not explained by the prevention of the targeted disease. Much of the evidence for NSEs comes from observational studies with a high risk of bias, and there is a clear need for new data from randomised controlled trials. Recently, it was proposed that rabies vaccine has protective NSEs in people and in animals. The aim of the proposed study is to determine if rabies vaccine reduces the incidence rate of episodes of common infectious disease syndromes in a population of veterinary students on the island of St. Kitts.Methods: The trial design is a single-site, two-arm, parallel-group, participant-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, two-sided comparative study, with an internal pilot study for blinded sample size re-estimation. Allocation to study arm is by block randomization stratified by sex within cohort with a 1:1 allocation ratio. The primary study endpoint is the number of new weekly episodes of common infectious diseases including respiratory, diarrheal, and febrile illnesses. A vaccine efficacy ancillary study is planned.Discussion: Demonstration of a non-specific protective effect of rabies vaccine against unrelated respiratory, gastrointestinal and febrile illnesses would provide supportive evidence for the design of similar studies in children in populations with a high burden of these illnesses.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03656198. Registered 24 August 2018.

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