scholarly journals Structure of the stridulatory apparatus of some species Heteroceridae (Coleoptera)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Rodionova ◽  
Alexey S. Sazhnev ◽  
Alexey A. Miroliubov ◽  
Semen Yu. Kustov
Keyword(s):  
Stridulatory Apparatus

scholarly journals An abdominal stridulation organ in Cyphoderris (Prophalangopsidae) and concerning the systematic classification of the Ensifera (Saltatoria)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Ander
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Stridulatory Apparatus

Ensiferan insects (crickets, katydids, grigs and allies) are well known for rubbing parts of their cuticle together to produce sound: a process called stridulation. In this article Swedish entomologist Kjell Ander describes a novel (at the time) stridulatory apparatus in the great grig, Cyphoderris monstrosa (Prophalangopsidae), a relict ensiferan found in the mountainous regions of western North America. Ander used preserved specimens to predict the sound-producing function of a pair of abdominal file-scraper apparatuses, although he was never able to directly test his proposed mechanism nor did he speculate as to the adaptive significance of the structures. The article concludes with a review of the systematic placement of various higher level taxa within the order Orthoptera, of which Ensifera is one suborder.

SOUND PRODUCTION IN SCOLYTIDAE (COLEOPTERA) WITH EMPHASIS ON THE GENUSIPS

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Barr
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Sound Production ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Stridulatory Apparatus

AbstractThe "pars stridens–plectrum" terminology of stridulatory organs is discussed. A list of 77 species of Scolytidae known or presumed to bear stridulatory structures is presented. The three types of scolytid stridulatory organs, vertex–pronotal, gula–prosternal, and elytra–abdominal tergites, are described and discussed.All North American species in the genusIpswere examined for stridulatory organs. The gula–prosternal type was found on females, and possibly males, ofI.concinnus(Mannerheim) andI.mexicanus(Hopkins). The vertex–pronotal type occurs on females of 14 other species. No stridulatory structures were found on either sex of the remaining 17Ipsspecies. Females of 15 of the 18 pine-infesting species have stridulatory organs, while 14 of the 15 spruce-infesting species apparently lack them. FemaleI.confusus(LeConte) stridulate when entering the male entrance tunnels. Removal of the stridulatory organ has two effects: males do not permit some of these non-stridulating females to enter, and they deny entry to others for an unusually long period of time.Possession of a stridulatory apparatus in the Scolytidae appears to be associated with the sex opposite to that which initiates the entrance tunnel.No significant differences were found between gallery systems constructed by femaleI.confususwith the stridulatory organ removed and those constructed by stridulating females except that more single stridulating females excavated two or more egg galleries from a nuptial chamber.

STRIDULATION IN MEROPE TUBER (MECOPTERA: MEROPEIDAE)

1982 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Sanborne
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Communication ◽  
Stridulatory Apparatus

AbstractA stridulatory apparatus consisting of the juga of the forewings and specialized areas of the metanotum of both sexes of Merope tuber Newman (Mecoptera: Meropeidae) is described and illustrated. The sounds produced are discussed in light of their possible role in defence and intraspecific communication. This is the first verified instance of stridulation in the Mecoptera.

Revision of the genus Pseudonicsara Karny, 1912 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini) - Revision of the Indo-Australian Conocephalinae, part 2

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2185 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-122
Author(s):  
SIGFRID INGRISCH
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Fore Tibia ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
New Synonym ◽  
Stridulatory Apparatus ◽  
North Western

The genus Pseudonicsara Karny, 1912 is fully revised. The characteristic, in cross-section triangular fore tibia together with the short male pronotum leaving the stridulatory apparatus uncovered are the main diagnostic characters. A key to the species is given. Three subgenera are recognised: Pseudonicsara Karny, 1912 with 35 species and 1 subspecies, Cercana subgen. n. with 15 species and Wasiorana subgen. n. with 3 species. P. aeruginifrons (Karny, 1912) becomes a new synonym of P. pallidifrons (Brunner, 1898), and Agraecia ornata Karny, 1907 a new synonym of P. semicruciata (Brunner, 1898). 46 species and 1 subspecies are described as new: P. (P.) abbreviata sp. n., P. (P.) apicata sp. n., P. (P.) apingan sp. n., P. (P.) april sp. n., P. (P.) arcuata sp. n., P. (P.) bitriangulata sp. n., P. (P.) buergersi sp. n., P. (P.) cervus sp. n., P. (P.) clavus sp. n., P. (P.) clavus carinata ssp. n., P. (P.) concha sp. n., P. (P.) dilatata sp. n., P. (P.) divitata sp. n., P. (P.) excisa sp. n., P. (P.) finister sp. n., P. (P.) forceps sp. n., P. (P.) karimui sp. n., P. (P.) lehm sp. n., P. (P.) lina sp. n., P. (P.) maritima sp. n., P. (P.) minuta sp. n., P. (P.) missim sp. n., P. (P.) nomo sp. n., P. (P.) pugio sp. n., P. (P.) spatula sp. n., P. (P.) stylata sp. n., P. (P.) uncinata sp. n., P. (P.) undulata sp. n., P. (P.) wanuma sp. n., P. (P.) wau sp. n., P. (P.) wum sp. n., P. (P.) zugi sp. n., P. (Cercana) bomberi sp. n., P. (Cercana) digitata sp. n., P. (Cercana) dodinga sp. n., P. (Cercana) furcata sp. n., P. (Cercana) halmahera sp. n., P. (Cercana) hum sp. n., P. (Cercana) nana sp. n., P. (Cercana) sinuata sp. n., P. (Cercana) siwi sp. n., P. (Cercana) spinibranchis sp. n., P. (Cercana) stridulans sp. n., P. (Cercana) taliabu sp. n., P. (Cercana) wanigela sp. n., P. (Wasiorana) alces sp. n., and P. (Wasiorana) curvata sp. n. Three species are removed from the genus: P. lobaspoides (Karny, 1907) and P. ornata (Brunner v. W., 1898) are transferred to Axylus Stål, 1877, and P. nigrifrons C.Willemse, 1923 is provisionally left in Salomona Blanchard, 1853, the genus in which it was originally described. Species of the subgenus Pseudonicsara are so far with certainty only known from New Guinea, those of Wasiorana were all found in North-Western New Guinea, and those of Cercana in West and South New Guinea and on the Maluku Islands (East Wallacea). The species often occur allopatric but of Pseudonicsara s.str. up to three species were found in the same locality.

First recording of the sound produced by the black citrus aphid, Toxoptera aurantii (Boy.)

1971 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Broughton ◽  
K. M. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Average Period ◽  
Defence Mechanism ◽  
Rhythmic Movements ◽  
Morphological Adaptations ◽  
Clear Peak ◽  
Toxoptera Aurantii ◽  
Intraspecific Communication ◽  
Stridulatory Apparatus

The black citrus aphid, Toxaptera aurantii (Boy.), produces a distinct scraping sound by rhythmic movements of whole colonies. It is the only species of aphid known to produce audible sounds and the acoustical content of a preliminary recording of these sounds is reported in detail. During one recording the aphids stridulated 15 times in 21 seconds, giving an average period of 1–4 seconds between emissions and this rate remained virtually constant for at least an hour. Analysis of the recording established a clear peak frequency band at about 4–6 kHz with another around 800 Hz-1 kHz and possibly another in the ultra-sonic range above 18 kHz. Morphological adaptations of the abdominal cuticle and of the hind tibiae to form a stridulatory apparatus are illustrated and possible functions of stridulation as a defence mechanism or as a means of intraspecific communication are briefly discussed.

A NEW EYELESS, STRIDULATING THERIDION SPIDER FROM CAVES IN THE GALÁPAGOS ISLANDS (ARANEAE, THERIDIIDAE)

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 881-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart B. Peck ◽  
William A. Shear
Keyword(s):  
Galapagos Islands ◽  
The Other ◽  
Galápagos Islands ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Lava Tube ◽  
Stridulatory Apparatus

AbstractTheridion strepitus sp. nov. is described from lava tube caves from Isla Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador. It is the only species known in this worldwide genus that is eyeless and it is the only Galápagos species that has stridulatory picks on the male abdomen. The stridulatory apparatus demonstrates that the species is not a descendant from the other Theridion species known in the Galápagos, but is probably a relict of a lineage now extinct there in epigean habitats.

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