scholarly journals Assessing Spatial Accessibility to Hierarchical Urban Parks by Multi-Types of Travel Distance in Shenzhen, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Langjiao Li ◽  
Qingyun Du ◽  
Fu Ren ◽  
Xiangyuan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Travel Distance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Hierarchical Levels

Urban green spaces play a critical role in public health and human wellbeing for urban residents. Due to the uneven spatial distribution of urban green spaces in most of cities, the issue of the disparity between supply and demand has aroused public concern. In a case of Shenzhen, a modified Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method is adopted to evaluate the disparity between park provision and the demanders in terms of accessibility at hierarchical levels under four types of distance (e.g., Euclidean distance, walking distance, bicycling distance, and driving distance), which is well aligned with hierarchical systems in urban green spaces in urban planning practice. By contrast and correlation analysis, among the four types of distance, the statistical correlations are relatively high between Euclidean distance and the other three. Nonetheless, the pattern of spatial accessibility under different type of travel distance is apparently variant. Accessibility calculated by Euclidean distance is overestimated relative to that of the other three, while the pattern of walking distance and bicycling distance is similar to each other. The choice of type of distance is worthy of caution when evaluating spatial accessibility by 2SFCA method. Results show that the accessibility to parks at all hierarchical levels is high particularly, particularly at the natural level. However, the disparity between the supply and demand is significant. The percentage of communities that have high population density but low park accessibility is over 40% (equivalent to approximately 55% of the population). The finding may provide implications on access to urban greens paces for urban planners and authorities to develop effective planning strategies.

GIS based analysis for assessing the accessibility at hierarchical levels of urban green spaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 198-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshama Gupta ◽  
Arijit Roy ◽  
Kanishka Luthra ◽  
Sandeep Maithani ◽  
Mahavir
Keyword(s):  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Hierarchical Levels

scholarly journals Access to urban green spaces and environmental inequality in post-socialist cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
György Csomós ◽  
Jenő Zsolt Farkas ◽  
Zoltán Kovács
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
The City ◽  
Environmental Inequalities

Access to urban green spaces and environmental inequalities are increasingly on the agenda in contemporary cities due to increasing density of people, widening social inequalities, and limited access to Urban Green Spaces (UGS). This is even so in post-socialist cities where recent urban sprawl and suburbanisation could be strongly linked to the scarcity of adequate green spaces in the inner-parts of cities. This paper examines the provision and accessibility of public green spaces in Debrecen, a second tier city in post-socialist Hungary, with applying a walking distance approach. Using GIS technology and socio-demographic data of residents the study assesses the availability and accessibility of green spaces in the city, and their social equity. According to research results the geographical distribution of UGS is very uneven in the city, some neighbourhoods lack public green spaces, while others are well-supplied. This is partly due to the natural environment and the post-WWII development of the city. Research findings show that the quality of residential green spaces is generally poor or very poor. Research also confirmed the widening environmental inequalities within the local society. New upmarket residential areas, where the wealthiest section of population reside are rich in high-quality (private) green spaces. Other lower-status neighbourhoods, including some of the socialist housing estates, suffer from the lack of good quality green spaces. Authors argue that environmental justice should be a core concept of city-planning considering not only the officially designated public green spaces, but also other forms of urban green (institutional, private etc.).

scholarly journals Integrating spatial accessibility estimates derived from crowdsourced, commercial, and authoritative geo-datasets: Case study of mapping accessibility to urban green space in the Tokyo-Yokohama area

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Brian Alan Johnson ◽  
Rajarshi Dasgupta ◽  
Shizuka Hashimoto ◽  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Akio Onishi
Keyword(s):  
Green Space ◽  
Urban Green Space ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Geographic Datasets ◽  
Individual Dataset

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Parks and other public green spaces (hereafter “urban green spaces”) provide many benefits to urban dwellers, but some residents receive few benefits due to a lack of urban green spaces nearby their home/workplace. Understanding spatial variations in urban green space accessibility is thus important for urban planning. As a case study, here we mapped urban green space accessibility in Japan’s highly urbanized Tokyo and Kanagawa Prefectures using a Gravity Model (GM). As the inputs for the GM, we used georeferenced datasets of urban green spaces obtained from various sources, including national government (Ministry of Land, Transportation, Infrastructure, and Tourism; MLIT), a commercial map provider (ESRI Japan Corporation), and a crowdsourcing initiative (OpenStreetMap). These datasets all varied in terms of their spatial and thematic coverage, as could be seen in the urban green space accessibility maps generated using each individual dataset alone. To overcome the limitations of each individual dataset, we developed an integrated urban green space accessibility map using a maximum value operator. The proposed map integration approach is simple and can be applied for mapping spatial accessibility to other goods and services using heterogeneous geographic datasets.</p>

scholarly journals The Socioeconomic Welfare of Urban Green Areas and Parks; A Literature Review of Available Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7863
Author(s):  
Antonios Kolimenakis ◽  
Alexandra D. Solomou ◽  
Nikolaos Proutsos ◽  
Evangelia V. Avramidou ◽  
Evangelia Korakaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green Areas ◽  
Green Areas

Urban green areas present a lucid example for the harmonious co-existence of the artificial and natural environments best illustrated by their interdependence and interconnection in urban spaces. Urban green areas are essential for the health and wellbeing of citizens. The present study aimed to investigate those multiple benefits for citizens that arise through the existence of urban green areas, as well as important policy dimensions that should be considered when designing the expansion of urban green spaces in urban development. The study was based on a literature review to examine for available evidence on the benefit levels derived by the existence of urban green areas. An extended literature review was followed by a structured review, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria, which partly followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was conducted in two databases, and a total of 1674 articles and abstracts were identified through the database searches. After removing 114 duplicates, 1560 records were initially screened based on title and abstract. Following inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles were incorporated in the structured review and a total of 47 in the extended review. The extended literature review identified 33 additional articles examining aspects of benefits that did not fall under the pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria used in the structured review, such as health benefits and other social parameters associated with urban green spaces. The selected studies were allocated in five principal groups according to study types: three of the them consisted of studies employing “willingness to pay” (WTP) methods, five were based on property values, two studies assigned monetary values, while another two assigned CO2 values, and, finally, two studies were based on qualitative criteria. The results indicated benefits to citizens and increased welfare levels gained by the existence of urban green areas. The conducted review revealed a number of findings and recommendations that could direct future research and urban policy. Those hints could assist local authorities as well as stakeholders in order to measure and assess the benefits of green spaces and urban parks and promote measures and programs to assist their further deployment.

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