scholarly journals Road Transport Accidents in Nigeria and the Role of Automotive Active Safety System

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Olasunkanmi Oriola Akinyemi ◽  
Hezekiah O Adeyemi ◽  
Olusegun Jinadu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Active Safety ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

Abstract Analysis of road traffic accidents revealed that most accidents are as a result of drivers’ errors. Over the years, active safety systems (ASS) were devised in vehicle to reduce the high level of road accidents, caused by human errors, leading to death and injuries. This study however evaluated the impacts of ASS inclusions into vehicles in Nigeria road transportation network. The objectives was to measure how ASS contributed to making driving safer and enhanced transport safety. Road accident data were collected, for a period of eleven years, from Lagos State Ministry of Economic Planning and Budget, Central Office of Statistics. Quantitative analysis of the retrospective accident was conducted by computing the proportion of yearly number of vehicles involved in road accident to the total number of vehicles for each year. Results of the analysis showed that the proportion of vehicles involved in road accidents decreased from 16 in 1996 to 0.89 in 2006, the injured persons reduced from 15.58 in 1998 to 0.3 in 2006 and the death rate diminished from 4.45 in 1998 to 0.1 in 2006. These represented 94.4 %, 95 % and 95 % improvement respectively on road traffic safety. It can therefore be concluded that the inclusions of ASS into design of modern vehicles had improved road safety in Nigeria automotive industry.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Influencing the Density of Fatalities on National Roads in Poland

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-234
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kustra ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of Factors Influencing the Density of Fatalities on National Roads in PolandIn Poland 20% of the total number of accidents occur on the national roads, which constitute 7% of the length of all roads. In the case of fatalities this share is significantly higher as it constitutes up to 36% of the total casualties. In accordance with the EU Directive (Journal of Laws EU L. 319/59) the level of road traffic safety should be raised by targeting investment on the most dangerous road sections. Finding the dependence between road and traffic factors and the number of accidents and casualties of road accidents may be helpful in predicting safety levels and selecting road traffic safety improvement measures. The paper presents the experience of other countries and preliminary tests results of the impact of the selected factors on the density and the number of road accident fatalities on the national roads in Poland.

scholarly journals Modelling road traffic safety indices by means of regression with panel data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Brzozowska-Rup ◽  
Marzena Nowakowska
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Safety Indices ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Although the occurrence of road accidents and the number of road accident casualties in almost all Polish voivodeships has decreased over the last few years, the rate of this change varies considerably from region to region. To provide a better understanding of such a tendency, panel data regression models are proposed to conduct this pilot research which evaluates the relative performance of Polish regions in terms of their road traffic safety. Panel data are multi-dimensional data which involve measurements over time. In the research, a voivodeship is a unit analysed at a group level, whereas a year is a unit analysed at a time level. A two-way error component regression model has been applied to survey the impact of regressors, the group effects, and time effects on a dependent variable. The analysis has been conducted using data acquired from the Statistics Poland Local Data Bank website, as well as from the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways. The panel data from 16 regions in Poland and the 2012–2018 period have been investigated. The examined models refer to road traffic safety indices defined based on the following characteristics: the number of road accidents, the number road fatalities, and the number of people injured. The results of all the three models indicate a negative effect as regards the GDP per capita, (car) motorisation rate, the indicator of government expenditure for current maintenance of national roads, and the road length per capita. A positive association has been found between the truck motorisation rate and the indicator of local government expenditure on roads. The impact of the region's urbanisation indicators on road safety is ambiguous as, on the one hand, its increase causes a reduction in the road accident and accident injury indices, but, on the other hand, it produces a rise in the accident fatality index. In the models, the significance of time effects has been identified; a decreasing time trend suggests a general improvement in road safety from year to year. Most of the group effects have turned out to be highly significant. However, the effects differ as regards both the road accident and the accident injury indices in magnitude and direction.

scholarly journals Road Traffic Safety Analysis Of Different Junction Types On The State Roads

2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Valentina Amare ◽  
Juris Smirnovs
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Capacity ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The highest number of road accidents occurs at junctions. One of the aims of traffic organisation is to improve traffic safety in these areas. Based on a variety of indices – road capacity, points of conflict, number, and severity of road traffic accidents – different alternatives for junctions are evaluated. However, the road network has many junctions and roads serve to travel from point "A" to point "B" at a given time. Therefore, one of the most important tasks when addressing the issue of road safety is to find a rational way of improving the safety without losing the importance of the road. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of different junctions on the road network and basing on actual data develop a method for the evaluation of different types of junctions with respect to road class.

scholarly journals Analysis of traffic accidents of young drivers in urban areas and measures to increase safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Predrag Brlek ◽  
Ljudevit Krpan ◽  
Ivan Cvitković ◽  
Krunoslav Lukačić
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The Republic

Traffic accidents are considered the first cause of death of young people, that is, young drivers. Therefore, this problem needs to be given a lot of attention. Traffic accident which include young drivers must be analyzed as an element of the system, and it is necessary to analyze and investigate potential solutions and improve all elements in order to improve the system itself. In the Republic of Croatia, for the first time in 2004, the term "YOUNG DRIVER" as a driver of a motor vehicle up to the age of 24, who holds a drivers license issued in the Republic of Croatia, was introduced into the Road Traffic Safety Act. The share of young drivers in the population in the Republic of Croatia is 4.3%. Young drivers make up about eight percent of road users, causing a total of 9.6% of traffic accidents, or 12.5% of those with fatalities. This paper will deal with traffic safety in other countries, especially in the surrounding countries. According to statistics related to road accidents, young drivers are over-represented and are at greater risk to themselves, passengers and other participants than other drivers. There is a need to respond in a timely manner and to adopt optimal measures to improve the safety of young drivers in road traffic and thus for the safety of other road users. The aim of this paper is to outline measures that would reduce the number of road accidents involving young drivers, especially in urban areas.

Road Macula Analysis and Evaluation

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 360-366
Author(s):  
Jian Cheng Sun ◽  
Lin Song Wang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
The Road ◽  
Discriminant Model ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Black Spots

The subject Introduced the analysis method of the black-spot, established the black-spot discriminant model, And gave its algorithm. According to the characteristics of China's traffic flow, we develope black-spot database, so that the work of the black-spot identification can be quickly carried out。The Road black-spot traffic accidents describes the road sections which have significantly higher accident rate than the average level . Road black-spots identification, analysis and processing are widely considered to be the most efficient way to prevent traffic accidents. The identification of Road accident black-spots is the concern of road design, road safety review, operation management, and security studies , The research studies of road black-spot identification,and determines risk road sections, so that countermeasures can be put forward, and we can achieve the goals of design improvement, strengthen management, improvement of road safety operation environment, decrease of the number of traffic accidents and improvement of the whole road traffic safety performance.

scholarly journals Road traffic safety in Ukraine: state and development prospects

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Olesia IVANENKO ◽  
Ivan PONOMARENKO
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The State ◽  
Road User ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Safe Level ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction. The issue of road traffic safety has been studied by many modern scientists. However, despite the research, this issue remains relevant to this day, both theoretically and practically. This is due to the fact that the concept of road traffic safety is not currently enshrined in law, and there is no unanimity among scientists on its content. Moreover, the relevance of the practical component is evidenced by the fact that over the past three years a number of important regulations in the field of road traffic safety and procedures for their implementation have been developed. The purpose of the paper is to determine the state of road traffic safety in Ukraine. In accordance with the goal, the main objectives of this study are to formulate a definition of “traffic”, “road traffic safety”, outlining their elements; determining the state of road traffic safety in Ukraine and further development trends, establishing the main directions of implementation of state policy in the field of road traffic safety. Results. Covering the issue of road safety, it should be noted that the current legislation of Ukraine does not provide a definition of this concept, but in 2016 there was an attempt to legislate both the legal category of “road traffic safety” and a number of closely related to it. Thus, the authors of the draft Law on Road Traffic and Safety defined traffic as “the process of traffic on roads and other places where it is not prohibited by the draft law”, and road traffic safety as “a state of the road system, due to which the appropriate level of protection of road users from road accidents and their negative consequences is determined and achieved”. It should be emphasized that road traffic safety is achieved through the application of appropriate measures of organizational, administrative, socio-economic and technical nature, which are enshrined in regulations and which are aimed at ensuring the proper and safe level road traffic safety for all its participants. It should be noted that neither the Ukrainian legislator nor the state executive bodies reduce the state of danger on the roads of Ukraine, so they are constantly developing appropriate programs and taking measures to increase the level of road traffic safety. Thus, in 2020, a state program was approved, the main goal of which is to reduce the level of accidents on the roads and the severity, first of all, of the socio-economic consequences of road accidents. Conclusion. According to the legislation of Ukraine, road traffic safety should be understood as a set of socio-economic and organizational-technical measures to ensure road traffic safety and road user, prevention of road traffic accidents and elimination or minimization of their negative consequences.

scholarly journals Assessing inequality, irregularity, and severity regarding road traffic safety during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Lin ◽  
Feng Shi ◽  
Weizi Li
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Mobility ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Road Traffic Safety ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCOVID-19 has affected every sector of our society, among which human mobility is taking a dramatic change due to quarantine and social distancing. We investigate the impact of the pandemic and subsequent mobility changes on road traffic safety. Using traffic accident data from the city of Los Angeles and New York City, we find that the impact is not merely a blunt reduction in traffic and accidents; rather, (1) the proportion of accidents unexpectedly increases for “Hispanic” and “Male” groups; (2) the “hot spots” of accidents have shifted in both time and space and are likely moved from higher-income areas (e.g., Hollywood and Lower Manhattan) to lower-income areas (e.g., southern LA and southern Brooklyn); (3) the severity level of accidents decreases with the number of accidents regardless of transportation modes. Understanding those variations of traffic accidents not only sheds a light on the heterogeneous impact of COVID-19 across demographic and geographic factors, but also helps policymakers and planners design more effective safety policies and interventions during critical conditions such as the pandemic.

scholarly journals TRAFFIC-RELATED MORTALITY IN MOLDOVA

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-147
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Mortality

This article analyses the mortality caused by road accidents in Moldova depending on the degree of involvement of pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, drivers and passengers of transport units, depending on age and sex. Results suggest that traffic-related mortality in Moldova has shown an increased incidence among the young and working-age population, where a significant difference between males and females is observed. Among the youth, traffic-related deaths register between 10-27% of the overall mortality in both sexes. The risk exposure of dying in a traffic accident decreases with age and is less significant in the retired ages. During the years 1998-2015, avoidance of trafficrelated deaths would have assured an increase in life expectancy between 0.40-0.56 years in males, and 0.09-0.23 years in females. The continuous increase in the number of transport units on public roads, as well as in the number of hours spent in traffic, influences the degree of exposure to the risk of death or injury as a result of road traffic accidents. Trauma resulting from road accidents increases the incidence of premature mortality and disability among the population, which is reflected by the decrease of healthy life expectancy. It is ascertained that the road accident mortality requires a detailed and comprehensive analysis given the multitude of factors influencing deaths and injuries related to a traffic accident among the population. Thus, in order to improve road safety and reduce mortality incidence among traffic participants, a range of actions has to be implemented by the liable actors, including through the international experience.

scholarly journals The concept of average speed measurements network in the West Pomeranian

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 238-241
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sosik
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Intelligent Transport Systems ◽  
The West ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Intelligent Transport ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

The article presents the concept of implementing a network of average speed measurements in the West Pomeranian. The author focused on solutions of Intelligent Transport Systems to improve the safety of road transport. The first part of the article discusses the state of road traffic safety in the West Pomeranian. In the next part, the solutions of Intelligent Transport Systems used to record the speed of road vehicles and the method of data recording and processing were discussed. In the third part, the accident maps and the locations of the stored sectional speed measurements were analysed, on the basis of which the proposition of places for the implementation of the network of average speed measurements was created due to the high accident rate.

scholarly journals Human factor and traffic safety

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Ewa Brożyna
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Road User ◽  
Road Design

This article deals with issues in the field of traffic engineering. According to its assumptions, traffic is a system consisting of three inseparable elements which are man, vehicle and road. In this article, the author focuses on the relationship between two of these elements: human as a road user and a path that should be a subordinate of the user’s capabilities and convenience. The first part of the article is an introduction to the topic of the article. There are presented the data on the amount of road traffic accidents caused by human factors and the categories of errors committed by drivers. In the further part there were analyzed the biological factors which have influence on driver’s actions such as sight, attention and reaction time with particular emphasis on the imperfections of those factors which should be taken into account when designing roads and organizing traffic because it lets to provide a higher level of road safety. The purpose of this article is to develop practical conclusions for road design and traffic management that will help to better adjust the road transport infrastructure to the capabilities and natural limitations of the human person. These conclusions are included in the summary.

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