scholarly journals Sociotropy, Autonomy and Emotional Symptoms in Patients with Major Depression or Generalized Anxiety: The Mediating Role of Rumination and Immature Defenses

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5716
Author(s):  
Ruth Martínez ◽  
Carmen Senra ◽  
José Fernández-Rey ◽  
Hipólito Merino
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Emotional Symptoms ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
Personality Vulnerabilities ◽  
Sociotropy And Autonomy

The relationships between dimensions of personality (sociotropy and autonomy), coping strategies (rumination: brooding and reflection subtypes, and immature defenses) and symptoms of depression and anxiety were explored in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). A total of 279 patients completed questionnaires including measures of personality dimensions, rumination, immature defenses, depression and anxiety. Our findings suggested that sociotropy and autonomy may be associated with both depressive and anxious symptoms in patients with MDD and with GAD. Multiple mediation analyses indicated that brooding always acted as a mediating link between personality vulnerabilities (sociotropy and autonomy) and depressive and anxiety symptoms, independently of the patient group. In addition, in patients with MDD and those with GAD, brooding and immature defenses functioned together by linking sociotropy and autonomy, respectively, with depressive symptoms. Our results also showed that, in patients with GAD, both types of rumination explained the relationship between sociotropy and autonomy and anxiety symptoms. Overall, our findings provided evidence of the transdiagnostic role of the brooding, linking the vulnerability of personality dimensions and emotional symptoms. They also indicated that reflection and immature defenses can operate in conjunction with brooding, depending on the type of vulnerability and emotional context.

The role of depression and anxiety symptoms in hospital readmissions after cardiac surgery

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip J. Tully ◽  
Robert A. Baker ◽  
Deborah Turnbull ◽  
Helen Winefield
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Hospital Readmissions ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety

scholarly journals Social and generalized anxiety symptoms and alcohol and cigarette use in early adolescence: The moderating role of perceived peer norms

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1931-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Zehe ◽  
Craig R. Colder ◽  
Jennifer P. Read ◽  
William F. Wieczorek ◽  
Liliana J. Lengua
Keyword(s):  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Peer Norms ◽  
Perceived Peer Norms ◽  
Moderating Role

Evaluation of student's emotional state: Assess the role of social and psychological factors in manifestation of depression and anxiety symptoms

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S269 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Adomaitiene ◽  
D. Obelieniene ◽  
A. Kunigeliene ◽  
G. Jonusiene ◽  
K. Dambrauskiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety

The Relationship of Sociotropy and Autonomy to Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Fresco ◽  
William S. Sampson ◽  
Linda W. Craighead ◽  
Ashton N. Koons
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Prospective Design ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sociotropy And Autonomy ◽  
The Relationship

Beck (1983) hypothesized that excessive interpersonal (sociotropy) and achievement (autonomy) concerns represent vulnerabilities to depression when congruent negative life events occur and that these personality constructs relate differentially to specific depressive symptoms. Recent research suggests that sociotropy relates to both depression and anxiety symptoms while autonomy may be specifically related to depression symptoms. This study employed a longitudinal, prospective design with a sample of 78 undergraduates to test aspects of Beck’s (1983) hypotheses. Sociotropy correlated with anxiety symptoms while autonomy correlated with depression symptoms. Additionally, sociotropy moderated the relationship of life stress to depression symptoms for both negative interpersonal and achievement stress while autonomy moderated the relationship of life stress to depression symptoms for negative interpersonal events only. Finally, sociotropy and autonomy also moderated the relationship between life stress and anxiety symptoms in a pattern that was different from the pattern with depression symptoms. Findings from the present study add to a growing body of empirical evidence that sociotropy and autonomy relate to depression and introduce evidence indicating how these constructs may relate to anxiety.

scholarly journals Does anxiety moderate the effectiveness of mirtazapine in patients with treatment-resistant depression? A secondary analysis of the MIR trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1342-1349
Author(s):  
Raphael Rifkin-Zybutz ◽  
Stephanie MacNeill ◽  
Simon JC Davies ◽  
Christopher Dickens ◽  
John Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Reuptake Inhibitor ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Treatment Resistant Depression ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Likelihood Ratio Testing ◽  
Resistant Depression

Background: There is a lack of evidence to guide treatment of comorbid depression and anxiety. Preliminary evidence suggests mirtazapine may be effective in treating patients with both depression and anxiety symptoms. Methods: We undertook a secondary analysis of mirtazapine (MIR): a placebo-controlled trial of the addition of mirtazapine to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in primary care. We subdivided participants into three groups by baseline generalized anxiety disorder score (GAD-7): severe (GAD-7 ⩾ 16), moderate (GAD-7 = 11–15), no/mild (GAD-7 ⩽ 10). We used linear regression including likelihood-ratio testing of interaction terms to assess how baseline anxiety altered the response of participants to mirtazapine as measured by 12-week GAD-7 and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) scores. Results: Baseline generalized anxiety moderated mirtazapine’s effect as measured by GAD-7 ( p = 0.041) and BDI-II ( p = 0.088) at 12 weeks. Participants with severe generalized anxiety receiving mirtazapine had lower 12-week GAD-7 score (adjusted difference between means (ADM) −2.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.69 to −4.95) and larger decreases in BDI-II score (ADM −6.36, 95% CI −1.60 to −10.84) than placebo. Conversely, there was no anxiolytic benefit (ADM 0.28, 95% CI −1.05 to 1.60) or antidepressant benefit (ADM −0.17, 95% CI −3.02 to 2.68) compared with placebo in those with no/mild generalized anxiety. Conclusions: These findings extend the evidence for the effectiveness of mirtazapine to reduce generalized anxiety in TRD in primary care. These results may inform targeted prescribing in depression based on concurrent anxiety symptoms, although these conclusions are constrained by the post-hoc nature of this analysis.

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