Novel Time-Delay Side-Collision Warning Model at Non-Signalized Intersections Based on Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communication

In complex traffic environments, collision warning systems that rely only on in-vehicle sensors are limited in accuracy and range. Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication systems, however, offer more robust information exchange, and thus, warnings. In this study, V2I was used to analyze side-collision warning models at non-signalized intersections: A novel time-delay side-collision warning model was developed according to the motion compensation principle. This novel time-delay model was compared with and verified against a traditional side-collision warning model. Using a V2I-oriented simulated driving platform, three vehicle-vehicle collision scenarios were designed at non-signalized intersections. Twenty participants were recruited to conduct simulated driving experiments to test and verify the performance of each collision warning model. The results showed that compared with no warning system, both side-collision warning models reduced the proportion of vehicle collisions. In terms of efficacy, the traditional model generated an effective warning in 84.2% of cases, while the novel time-delay model generated an effective warning in 90.2%. In terms of response time and conflict time difference, the traditional model gave a longer response time of 0.91 s (that of the time-delay model is 0.78 s), but the time-delay model reduced the driving risk with a larger conflict time difference. Based on an analysis of driver gaze change post-warning, the statistical results showed that the proportion of effective gaze changes reached 84.3%. Based on subjective evaluations, drivers reported a higher degree of acceptance of the time-delay model. Therefore, the time-delay side-collision warning model for non-signalized intersections proposed herein can improve the applicability and efficacy of warning systems in such complex traffic environments and provide reference for safety applications in V2I systems.

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A new approach to estimate pedestrian delay at signalized intersections

Transport ◽

10.3846/16484142.2016.1158208 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 249-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sankaran Marisamynathan ◽

Perumal Vedagiri

Keyword(s):

Time Delay ◽

Waiting Time ◽

Signalized Intersections ◽

Signalized Intersection ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Clear Understanding ◽

Delay Model ◽

Crossing Time ◽

Pedestrian Crossing ◽

Compliance Behaviour

Enhancing pedestrian safety and improving the design standards of pedestrian facilities at signalized intersection requires a clear understanding of pedestrian delay model and pedestrian crossing behaviours under mixed traffic condition. The existing delay models do not consider the behavioural constrains of pedestrians. This research has been undertaken with the aim of developing a suitable pedestrian delay model for signalized intersection crosswalks, based on considering actual pedestrian crossing behaviours. The required model parameters were extracted from the video-graphic survey conducted for the selected four signalized intersections in Mumbai (India). Crossing behaviours of pedestrians were examined through field data in terms of pedestrian arrival pattern, crossing speed, compliance behaviour and pedestrian–vehicular interactions. Based on pedestrian crossing behaviour analysis results, two new pedestrian delay estimation models were developed and the models were validated by comparing with field and existing model values. The performance level of the proposed models is showing more precise and reliable solutions. The first pedestrian delay model is developed on the basis of compliance behaviour, has two components, such as waiting time delay and crossing time delay. This model can be used to evaluate pedestrian Level Of Service (LOS) and signal timing optimization. The second developed pedestrian delay model is based on noncompliance behaviour, has three components, such as waiting time delay, crossing time delay, and pedestrian–vehicular interaction delay. This model can also be used to evaluate the quality of pedestrian flow, estimating accurate pedestrian delay and LOS for local conditions, which is representative of the prevailing pedestrian condition.

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Side collision warning systems for transit buses

Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2000 (Cat. No.00TH8511) ◽

10.1109/ivs.2000.898367 ◽

2002 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C. Mertz ◽

S. McNeil ◽

C. Thorpe

Keyword(s):

Warning Systems ◽

Collision Warning ◽

Transit Buses ◽

Side Collision ◽

Collision Warning Systems

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Bifurcation control of optimal velocity model through anticipated effect and response time-delay feedback methods

Physica A Statistical Mechanics and its Applications ◽

10.1016/j.physa.2021.125972 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 125972

Author(s):

Xueyi Guan ◽

Rongjun Cheng ◽

Hongxia Ge

Keyword(s):

Time Delay ◽

Response Time ◽

Velocity Model ◽

Bifurcation Control ◽

Optimal Velocity ◽

Optimal Velocity Model

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A control architecture for integrated cooperative cruise control and collision warning systems

Proceedings of the 40th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (Cat. No.01CH37228) ◽

10.1109/cdc.2001.981105 ◽

2003 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

A.R. Girard ◽

J.B. de Sousa ◽

J.A. Misener ◽

J.K. Hedrick

Keyword(s):

Control Architecture ◽

Warning Systems ◽

Cruise Control ◽

Collision Warning ◽

Collision Warning Systems

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A Time Delay Model for Solar and Stellar Dynamos

The Astrophysical Journal ◽

10.1086/508013 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 652 (1) ◽

pp. 696-708 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

A. L. Wilmot‐Smith ◽

D. Nandy ◽

G. Hornig ◽

P. C. H. Martens

Keyword(s):

Time Delay ◽

Delay Model

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Auditory Icons as Impending Collision System Warning Signals in Commercial Motor Vehicles

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129804201515 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 42 (15) ◽

pp. 1127-1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Steven M. Belz ◽

Gary S. Robinson ◽

John G. Casali

Keyword(s):

Motor Vehicle ◽

Visual Display ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Collision System ◽

Collision Warning ◽

Multiple Modalities ◽

Driver Performance ◽

Driving Task ◽

Side Collision ◽

Simulated Driving Task

This simulator-based study examined the use of conventional auditory warnings (tonal, non-verbal sounds) and auditory icons (representational, non-verbal sounds), alone and in combination with a dash-mounted visual display to warn commercial motor vehicle operators of impending front-to-rear and side collision situations. Driver performance was measured in the simulated driving task via brake response time in the front-to-rear collision scenarios and via a count of accident occurrence in the side collision scenarios. For both front-to-rear and side collision scenarios, auditory icons elicited significantly improved driver performance over conventional auditory warnings. Driver performance improved when collision warning information was presented through multiple modalities.

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