Comparison of Tethered Post-Capture System Models for Space Debris Removal

The space debris problem poses a huge threat to operational satellites and has to be addressed. Multiple removal methods have been proposed to keep Earth’s orbit stable. Flexible connection capturing methods, such as the harpoon system, tether–gripper system and the net system, are potential candidate methods for space debris removal in the future. However, the tethered system is usually assumed as a dumbbell model where two end masses are connected by a rigid bar. This traditional model is not accurate enough to predict the motion of the target, neither the whole system. In this paper, three models, namely the modified dumbbell model, lumped-mass model and the ANCF model, to describe a tethered post-capture system for space debris removal are described and compared. Moreover, modal analysis of the tethered system is performed, and an analytical solution of the system’s natural frequency is derived. In addition, two configurations of the tethered system, namely the single tether configuration and the sub-tether configuration are simulated and compared based on three models, respectively. Finally, the influence on the chaser satellite by the initial angular velocity of the target is analyzed.

The impact of efficient insulation on thermal performance of building elements in hot arid region

The application of thermal insulation technique for buildings in hot arid region still under development and requires investigation for many aspects, especially those related to the individual elements of the construction. The present study investigates the impact of efficient insulation on the thermal performance of the following construction elements: wall, roof and foundation. The techniques used for the insulation have followed the Passive House criteria. The study introduces many benefits for passive design of the building in extreme hot climate. The work has done experimentally in Kirkuk, Iraq for two building models; one is efficiently insulated and the other is traditional. The data, which are collected in summer time, show reduction in indoor temperature of the efficient model by 8 °C in average comparing to that of traditional one. Measurements show stability in the internal wall temperatures for efficient model with an average temperature of 33 °C comparing to 42 °C for traditional one. Similarly, the insulated roof radiates less heat into the indoor than that of traditional model. Furthermore, the effect of both efficient insulated roof and canopy shading reduces the temperature of internal surface temperature of the roof by 12 °C comparing to the traditional model. A local simulation program based on ASHRAE relations has shown an energy saving in the cooling load up to 70%.

Intelligent Filling Method of Power Grid Working Ticket Based on Historical Ticket Knowledge Base

The traditional power grid ticket filling method has a large workload, low efficiency, and cannot achieve comprehensive and effective reference of historical tickets. This paper proposes a method of intelligent filling in a power grid working ticket based on a historical ticket knowledge base. Firstly, the historical ticket data are preprocessed, then the historical ticket information is mined by the association rule algorithm, and the method of establishing the historical ticket knowledge base is proposed. Based on the improved word bag model, an intelligent grid work ticket filling model is established based on the historical ticket knowledge base, and the correctness of the method is verified by an example. The results show that the accuracy of the proposed method is at least 18% higher than that of the traditional model, and the matching efficiency is 50% higher than the evaluation results of the three models based on semantic expressions. The method enables the identification and extraction of similar and associated work tickets, improves the efficiency of filling work tickets for power grids, and promotes the intelligence of the safety procedures for power grid operations.

Design Model As a Means of Thinking in Architectural Practice and Theory of Renaissance

Состояние проблемы. Реконструкция исторической эволюции архитектурного проектирования сегодня становится актуальной необходимостью. Причины, условия, процессы формирования базовых представлений и методов, легших в основу проектного типа мышления и действия, до сих пор довольно мало изучены, особенно в критическом аспекте. Между тем немалая часть сегодняшних проблем и затруднений, как становится понятно, берет начало в эпохе зарождения профессионального проектного метода, в событиях Нового времени. Центром этого метода стало моделирование, вопросы эволюции которого рассмотрены в настоящей работе. Результаты. Рассмотрен этап становления проектирования в архитектурной деятельности в Ренессансе, прежде всего методологический вклад Л. Б. Альберти. Показана трансформация традиционного модельного способа зодческой работы в Раннем Возрождении, связанная с обособлением креативных действий, персонализацией замысла, изменениями в цеховых коммуникациях. Ремесленный способ работы зодчего вступает в профессиональную эру, что ведет к кардинальному изменению характера и места архитектурных моделей. Выводы. Требуется переосмысление, даже переоценка значения моделирования в эволюции проектирования: на место привычной картины безоблачного прогресса должна прийти критическая и проблематизирующая теория, дающая основания для инструментального отношения к моделированию как одному из методов, не лишенному недостатков. Statement of the problem. Reconstruction of the historical evolution of architectural designing is becoming an urgent need today. The reasons, conditions, processes for the formation of basic ideas and methods that formed the basis of the designing type of thinking and action are still quite poorly understood, especially in a critical aspect. Meanwhile, a considerable part of today's problems and difficulties, as it becomes clear, originates in the era of the emergence of the professional method of designing, in the events of the Modernity. The center of this method is modeling, the evolution of which is considered in this work. Result. The stage of development of design in architectural activity in the Renaissance is considered, most importantly, the methodological contribution of L. B. Alberti. The transformation of the traditional model method of architectural work in the Early Renaissance is shown associated with the isolation of creative actions, personalization of the concept, changes in craft's communications. The craftsman's way of working enters the professional era, which results in a radical change in the nature and place of architectural models. Conclusions. Rethinking, even a reassessment of the importance of modeling in the evolution of designing is required instead of the usual picture of cloudless progress, a critical and problematizing theory should come providing foundations for an instrumental attitude to modeling as one of the methods that is not devoid of shortcomings.

Mapowanie kanonu. Literatura polska w perspektywie światowej

The article discusses the research proposal presented in Światowa historia literatury polskiej. Interpretacje [World History of Polish Literature. Interpretations], edited by Magdalena Popiel, Tomasz Bilczewski and Stanley Bill. Mikołajczak contrasts the research concept of world literature with the dominant approaches to the world literature in the area of contemporary literary studies and the traditional model of the history of literature. She reflects on the situation of Polish literature in the world, taking into account the ways in which Polish works circulate in other cultural circles, the possibilities and limitations of translation as well as shifts within the canon. She also indicates the opportunities that open up for Polish literature in the global context.

Possibilities for teaching the technical conceptual knowledge of handball in a didactic unit based on Sport Education (Posibilidades para la enseñanza de los conocimientos técnicos conceptuales del balonmano en una unidad didáctica basada en la Educación

This paper aims to implement a Didactic Unit (DU) based on Sport Education for the teaching of technical conceptual knowledge of handball, in order to know the possibilities and difficulties of this process. There were 22 classes structured based on the main characteristics of the model, with the participation of 40 students from a high school second year class. For data collection, Field Diary and focus group were used, which were subsequently submitted to thematic analysis for discussions. The DU based on Sport Education was shown as a possibility to raise awareness of the teaching and learning process of the conceptual knowledge of handball, adapting the model's characteristics to the Brazilian school reality. It is concluded that through adaptations, the model allows transformation in pedagogical practice, therefore, it is suggested to use it to innovate the teaching of sports in school, breaking with the traditional model. Resumen. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo implementar una Unidad Didáctica (UD) basada en la Educación Deportiva para la enseñanza del conocimiento técnico conceptual del balonmano, con el fin de conocer las posibilidades y dificultades de este proceso. Fueron 22 clases estructuradas en base a las principales características del modelo, con la participación de 40 alumnos de una promoción de segundo año de secundaria. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó el Diario de Campo y el grupo focal, los cuales fueron posteriormente sometidos a análisis temático para su discusión. La UD basada en la Educación Deportiva se mostró como una posibilidad de sensibilizar sobre el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje del conocimiento conceptual del balonmano, adaptando las características del modelo a la realidad escolar brasileña. Se concluye que, a través de adaptaciones, el modelo permite la transformación en la práctica pedagógica, por lo que se sugiere utilizarlo para innovar la enseñanza del deporte en la escuela, rompiendo con el modelo tradicional.

“Exemplary” teachers: The perception of prospective teachers of role model teachers and their contribution to their professional identity

This study examined the characteristics of “exemplary” teachers according to Israeli–Arab prospective teachers, and the influence of those perceptions on their professional identity. The study is based on the qualitative paradigm using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 33 students studying education in an academic college located in the center of Israel. Findings show that their professional educational identity begins to form while still at school, with exposure to an exceptional teacher in their past. The teacher’s digression from the traditional model of pedagogy in Arab education led them to the formulation of modern mindsets as educators and agents of change.

Judicial Restorative Justice and Domestic Violence in Brazil: Setting Problems and Challenges from the Field

The solution of conflicts, cases of violence and harmful offences through alternatives to the penal system has been encouraged by Brazil’s Conselho Nacional de Justiça/National Justice Council (CNJ) since 2010. However, empirical studies that assess the impact of restorative practices when applied to domestic violence cases are sparse because most of them tend to highlight the retributive model’s insufficiency compared to the restorative model. In attempt to break away from that logic, the article analyses the insertion of practices of restorative justice regarding domestic violence by examining empirical studies carried out at the Rio Grande do Sul’s Justice Court, a pioneer in the employment of restorative justice. The study shows that restorative practices for domestic violence are residual, do not disrupt the traditional model and are not understood as restorative by women. Therefore, a broad and serious discussion about the model being implemented in Brazil is needed.

A Comparative Assessment of Long-Term Care Financing and Service Delivery Models

The face of public long term care (LTC) funded largely through the Medicaid program is changing rapidly in the U.S. Over the last decade, most states have moved to managed LTC programs in various forms, with a growing number transferring all their programs, home and community based (HCBS) and nursing home services, to a Medicaid (MLTC) model. The amount of rigorously conducted and reported evaluation results on these programs are still very limited. Enough information is available, however, from other sources for at least preliminary comparison of relative cost-effectiveness of MLTC vs. traditional, non-profit models of public LTC services delivery and financing, as discussed in this paper. This comparison will show that, at this point, the MLTC programs are not more cost-effective than the traditional model of LTC administration. In fact, these initial assessments seem to indicate that the traditional model may be superior to the corporate for-profit MLTC model.

Diferencias entre el modelo técnico-tradicional y el modelo comprensivo en la motivación y compromiso de jóvenes deportistas: un estudio transversal (Differences between the technical-traditional model and the Teaching Games for Understanding model on mo

La implementación por parte del entrenador de modelos pedagógicos centrados en la comprensión se ha asociado a una mejora del proceso motivacional de los deportistas. Sin embargo, existe un limitado número de estudios que hayan comparado diferentes modelos pedagógicos en variables motivacionales en deportistas en formación. Bajo el sustento de la teoría de la autodeterminación, el objetivo del estudio fue examinar, al final de la temporada deportiva, las diferencias percibidas por jugadores en formación de dos equipos diferentes acerca de las conductas de apoyo y de amenaza de las necesidades psicológicas básicas (NPB; autonomía, competencia y relaciones sociales) por parte del entrenador, la satisfacción y frustración de las NPB, la motivación, el compromiso deportivo y la diversión. Durante la temporada, un entrenador diseñó sus entrenamientos con un modelo técnico-tradicional, mientras que el otro basó su intervención en un modelo comprensivo, también conocido como teaching games for understanding (TGfU). Un total de 23 jugadores (M=16.42±0.50; 100% chicos) de fútbol sala en formación pertenecientes a dos equipos de categoría juvenil participaron en este estudio transversal. Los jugadores del equipo que entrenaban a través de un modelo comprensivo percibieron valores significativamente superiores en el apoyo de la autonomía por parte del entrenador, en la satisfacción de las NPB y en la motivación autodeterminada, e inferiores en la frustración de las NPB, en comparación con aquellos que entrenaban con un modelo técnico-tradicional. Teniendo en cuenta estos hallazgos, parece importante promover la formación específica de los entrenadores en el modelo de enseñanza comprensiva para favorecer los procesos motivacionales de los jóvenes jugadores. Abstract. The implementation by the coach of pedagogical models focused on the understanding has been associated with an improvement in the motivational process of athletes. However, there is a limited number of studies that have compared different pedagogical models on motivational outcomes in young athletes. Therefore, guided by self-determination theory, this study aimed to examine, at the end of the season, the differences perceived by youth players from two different teams about need-supportive and need-thwarting, need-satisfaction and need-frustration, motivation, sport commitment, and enjoyment. During the season, one coach designed his trainings with a technical-traditional model, while the other coach based his trainings on a comprehensive model, also known as teaching games for understanding (TGfU). A total of 23 youth futsal players (M= 16.42±0.50; 100% boys), belonging to two different U-18 teams, participated in this cross-sectional study. Players who received a TGfU model during the season perceived significantly higher values in coach autonomy support, need satisfaction, and self-determined motivation, and lower values in need frustration, compared to those who received a technical-traditional model. Considering these findings, it seems important to develop coach TGfU training to enhance the motivation of young players.